Herennia
Herennia | |
---|---|
H. cf. papuana, from New Guinea | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
Class: | Arachnida |
Order: | Araneae |
Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
Family: | Araneidae |
Subfamily: | Nephilinae |
Genus: | Herennia Thorell, 1877[1] |
Species | |
See text. | |
Diversity | |
11 species |
Herennia is a genus of spiders in the family Araneidae, found from India to northern Australia.[1] It was formerly placed in a separate family, Nephilidae. While two species have been known since the 19th century, nine new species were described in 2005. Spiders in this genus are sometimes called coin spiders.
While H. multipuncta is invasive and synanthropic, all other known species are endemic to islands.[2]
Like in the related genus Nephilengys, the much smaller males mutilate and sever their pedipalps, which are often found stuck in the epigynum or female genital openings. It is suggested that they act as mating plugs to prevent other males from mating with the female and thereby ensure the paternity of offspring. The males cannot mate subsequently and such "eunuch" individuals continue to stay near the female.[2][3][4]
Name[]
Herennia Etruscilla was the wife of Trajan Decius. There are coins bearing her image, which were probably the source for Thorell to name the genus. The non-scientific name coin spiders was proposed because of this fact.[2]
Species[]
As of May 2017, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]
- Kuntner, 2005 — Solomon Islands
- Kuntner, 2005 — Borneo
- Kuntner, 2005 — Java
- Kuntner, 2005 — Philippines
- Kuntner, 2005 — Sumatra
- Kuntner, 2005 — New Guinea, New Britain
- Herennia multipuncta (Doleschall, 1859) — India to China, Borneo, Sulawesi
- Kuntner, 2005 — Northern Territory
- Thorell, 1881 — New Guinea
- Kuntner, 2005 — Kalimantan, Sulawesi
- Kuntner, 2005 — Philippines
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Gen. Herennia Thorell, 1877", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2017-05-12
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Kuntner, M. (2005). "A revision of Herennia (Araneae:Nephilidae:Nephilinae), the Australasian 'coin spiders'" (PDF). Invertebrate Systematics. 19 (5): 391–436. doi:10.1071/IS05024.
- ^ Kuntner, M; Kralj-Fiser, S; JM Schneider; D. Li (2009). "Mate plugging via genital mutilation in nephilid spiders: an evolutionary hypothesis" (PDF). Journal of Zoology. 277 (4): 257–266. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00533.x.
- ^ Kuntner, M; I Agnarsson; M Gregoric (2009). "Nephilid spider eunuch phenomenon induced by female or rival male aggressiveness" (PDF). The Journal of Arachnology. 37 (3): 266–271. doi:10.1636/st08-67.1. S2CID 54037236.
- Araneidae
- Araneomorphae genera
- Spiders of Asia
- Spiders of Oceania