Kalimantan

Kalimantan
Region
Location of Kalimantan (Indonesia) in Borneo Island
Coordinates: 1°S 114°E / 1°S 114°E / -1; 114Coordinates: 1°S 114°E / 1°S 114°E / -1; 114
Country	Indonesia
Province	West Kalimantan  Central Kalimantan  South Kalimantan  East Kalimantan  North Kalimantan
Largest Cities	Balikpapan Banjarmasin Palangkaraya Pontianak Samarinda Tarakan Tanjung Selor
Area
• Total	539,237.77 km2 (208,200.87 sq mi)
Elevation	2,278 m (7,474 ft)
Population  (2020 Census)[1]
• Total	16,625,796
• Density	31/km2 (80/sq mi)
Time zones	UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
	UTC+8 (Indonesia Central Time)
ISO 3166 code	ID-KA
Vehicle sign	DA KB KH KT KU
HDI	0.708 (High)

Kalimantan (Indonesian pronunciation: [kaliˈmantan]) is the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo.^[2] It comprises 73% of the island's area. The non-Indonesian parts of Borneo are Brunei and East Malaysia. In Indonesia, "Kalimantan" refers to the whole island of Borneo.^[2] In 2019, the Indonesian President Joko Widodo proposed that Indonesia's capital be moved to Kalimantan.^[3]

Etymology[]

The name Kalimantan, was derived from the Sanskrit word Kalamanthana, which means "burning weather island", or island with a very hot temperature, to describe its hot and humid tropical climate. It consists of the two words kal[a] ("time, season, period") and manthan[a] ("boiling, churning, burning").^[4] The indigenous people of the eastern region of Borneo referred to their island by the term Pulu K'lemantan or "Kalimantan" by the time the Portuguese explorer Jorge de Menezes made contact with them.^[5][6] Its association with the island and its peoples has also been attributed to British scientist and colonial administrator Charles Hose from the early 20th century. However, the use of this term to refer to a supposed Klemantan people has since been discontinued, as it has been deemed to be an invented term of convenience that does not properly represent the people it claims to describe.

Area[]

Map of Kalimantan (light colour) and its component provinces.

The Indonesian territory makes up 73% of the island by area, and 69.5% of its population (13,772,543 at the 2010 Census of Indonesia, and 16,625,796 at the 2020 Census.^[7] The non-Indonesian parts of Borneo are of Brunei (460,345 in 2020^[8]) and East Malaysia (6,824,600 in 2020), the latter comprising the states of Sabah (3,908,500) and Sarawak (2,816,500), and the federal territory of Labuan (99,600). The region within Indonesia is also known as Indonesian Borneo.

Kalimantan's total area is 539,237.77 square kilometres (208,201 sq mi).^[9]

Administrative divisions[]

Kalimantan is now divided into five provinces. It was administered as one province between 1945 and 1956, but in 1957 the province of Central Kalimantan was created by being split away from the existing South Kalimantan. There were four provinces until 25 October 2012, when North Kalimantan was split off from East Kalimantan.

^{* excluding North Kalimantan, split off from East Kalimantan with resulting population and area loss for the 2015 census.}

Demographics[]

Ethnic groups[]

Number of the largest population of ethnic groups according to the 2010 census:

Religion[]

Number of the largest population of religious groups according to the 2010 census:

See also[]

• List of rivers of Kalimantan
• Languages of Kalimantan

References[]

External links[]

• Kalimantan travel guide from Wikivoyage