Imperial Seal of the Mongols

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Seal of Güyük Khan using the classical Mongolian script, as found in a letter sent to the Roman Pope Innocent IV. It reads: Möngke ṭngri-yin küčündür. Yeke Mongγol ulus-un dalai-in qanu ǰrlγ. Il bulγa irgen-dür kürbesü, büsiretügüi azatuγai.
Translation of Oljeitu's message by Buscarello de Ghizolfi, on the back of the letter (visible here).
Imperial seal of Bogd Khan in 1911. From left to right: in Soyombo, Classical Mongolian and Phags-pa

The Imperial Seal of the Mongols is a seal (tamgha) that was used by the Mongols. The imperial seals, bearing inscriptions in Mongolian script or other scripts, were used in the Mongol Empire, the Yuan dynasty and the Northern Yuan dynasty, among others.

According to Plano Carpini, the Russian handicraftsman, Kozma, made a seal for Güyük Khan. This seal might have been a seal used to stamp the letter to Pope Innocent IV.

The Polish scholar, Cyrill Koralevsky, shot a photo of the seal in 1920. The prominent French Mongolist, P. Pelliot, translated the Mongolian scripts on the seal later. However, the Mongolists believe that Kozma made only one of the imperial seals and a seal on the letter was Genghis Khan's, which was inherited by his successors.[1]

During the Yuan dynasty, which ruled the whole of China proper, there were several seals. Biligtü Khan (Emperor Zhaozong) of the Northern Yuan dynasty had an imperial seal with the script "Great Yuan".[citation needed] In the 16th century, the Mongols used a square-shaped seal. When the Northern Yuan dynasty collapsed in 1635, Ejei Khan gave one of those seals to the Later Jin dynasty, which later became the Qing dynasty in 1636.[2]

Bogd Jivzundamba, ruler of the Bogd Khaganate had a tamgha (seal) with the inscription "Holiness - Bogd Khaan who holds religion and authority" in the 20th century.[3]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Их Монгол төрийн Хас эрдэнийн тамга". Archived from the original on 2016-06-25. Retrieved 2016-05-24.
  2. ^ 宣和堂 (2017-05-21). "その後の「制誥之寶」とマハーカーラ像". 宣和堂遺事 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-11-16.
  3. ^ "Монгол төрийн хасбуу тамга АНУ-д хадгалагдаж байгаа юу". TIME.MN (in Mongolian). 2014-05-30. Retrieved 2018-09-10.
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