International Socialist League (South Africa)

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International Socialist League
AbbreviationISL
FounderDavid Ivon Jones
FoundedSeptember 1915 (1915-09)
DissolvedFebruary 12, 1921 (1921-02-12)
Merged intoSouth African Communist Party
IdeologyMarxism
De Leonism
Syndicalism[1]
Political positionFar-Left

The International Socialist League of South Africa was the earliest major Marxist party in South Africa, and a predecessor of the South African Communist Party. The ISL was founded around the syndicalist politics of the Industrial Workers of the World and Daniel De Leon.[2][3]

History[]

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Formed in September 1915, it established branches across much of South Africa (excluding the Western Cape). While early attempts to recruit white workers failed, the ISL soon came to the attention of the young African National Congress, (then called the "South African Native National Congress") and several prominent early ANC members attended ISL meetings.[2] By September 1917 the ISL had helped to form the first black African trade union in the country, the Industrial Workers of Africa. While its founders were mainly drawn from the radical wing of the white working class, the movement would develop a substantial black African, Coloured and Indian membership.

David Ivon Jones was a founder and influential member of the ISL

Following the Russian Revolution in 1917, the ISL became enthusiastic supporters of the Bolsheviks. Ivon Jones, co-founder of the ISL and editor of the league's organ The International welcomed the revolution with an article titled "Dawn of the World." The article calls the revolution "an unfolding of the world-wide Commonwealth of Labour, which if the oppressed of all lands only knew...would sweep them into transports of gladness."[4] This enthusiasm for the Bolsheviks would ultimately lead the ISL to merge with several other socialist organizations to form the Communist Party of South Africa in 1921.[5]

Merge into the SACP and Legacy[]

The ISL became defunct following its merge into the Communist Party of South Africa in 1921 but, provided many notable early figures to the Communist Party. The centrality of the ISL in the formation of the SACP left a political mark on the party for years to come, and was responsible for a strong syndicalist influence on the early politics of the SACP.[6][page needed] When the Industrial Workers of Africa merged into the Industrial and Commercial Workers' Union, or ICU, in 1920, it too spread the ISL's syndicalist ideas within that union. The ICU would go on to play a major role in rural South Africa,[7][page needed] as well as spread into several neighbouring countries.[8]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Hirson 2005, p. 7.
  2. ^ a b Hirson 2005, pp. 7–19.
  3. ^ van der Walt 2004, pp. 67–89.
  4. ^ Simelane 1981, pp. 32–35.
  5. ^ Hirson 2005, pp. 45–47.
  6. ^ Lerumo 1987.
  7. ^ Bradford 1987.
  8. ^ van der Walt 2007, pp. 223–251.

Bibliography[]

Articles

  • Johns, Sheridan (1976). "The Birth of the Communist Party of South Africa". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 9 (3): 371–400. doi:10.2307/216844. ISSN 0361-7882. JSTOR 216844.
  • "The International Socialist League (ISL)". South African History Online. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
  • Simelane, David (1981). "The International Socialist League". Umkhonto we Sizwe. South African History Online. pp. 32–35. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
  • van der Walt, Lucien (2004). "Bakunin's Heirs in South Africa: race, class and revolutionary Syndicalism from the IWW to the International Socialist League". Politikon. Pretoria: University of Pretoria. 30 (1): 67–89. doi:10.1080/02589340410001690819. ISSN 0258-9346. OCLC 477631844. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
  • van der Walt, Lucien (2007). "The First Globalisation and Transnational Labour Activism in Southern Africa : white labourism, the IWW and the ICU, 1904-1934" (PDF). African Studies. London: University of the Witwatersrand. 66 (2/3): 223–251. doi:10.1080/00020180701482719. ISSN 1469-2872. OCLC 1116157393. Retrieved 9 October 2021.

Books

  • Bradford, Helen (1987). A Taste of Freedom: the ICU in rural South Africa, 1924-1930. Johannesburg: Raven Press. ISBN 0869753339. OCLC 19508536.
  • Drew, Allison (2002). Discordant Comrades: Identities and Loyalties on the South African Left. Pretoria: University of South Africa Press. ISBN 1868882055. OCLC 469720124.
  • Hirson, Baruch (2005). A History of the Left in South Africa: Writings of Baruch Hirson. London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 1282751042. OCLC 729019111.
  • Johns, Sheridan Waite (1965). Marxism-Leninism in a multi-racial environment: the origins and early history of the Communist Party of South Africa, 1914-1932 (Ph.D.). Harvard University. OCLC 221178684.
  • Lerumo, A. (1987). Fifty Fighting Years: The Communist Party of South Africa, 1921-1971. London: Inkululeko. ISBN 0950422517. OCLC 760436162.
  • van der Walt, Lucien; Schmidt, Michael (2009). Black Flame: The Revolutionary Class Politics of Anarchism and Syndicalism (Counter-Power vol. 1). Edinburgh: AK Press. ISBN 978-1-904859-16-1. OCLC 144596882.
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