International Tundra Experiment

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX) is a long-term international collaboration of researchers examining the responses of arctic and alpine plants and ecosystems to climate change.[1] Researchers measure plant responses to standardized, small-scale passive warming, snow manipulations, and nutrient additions. Researchers use small open-top chambers (OTCs) to passively increase mean air temperature by 1-2 °C.[2] The ITEX approach has been validated by tundra responses at the plot level.[3] The network has published meta-analyses[4][5][6] on plant phenology, growth, and reproduction,[7] composition and abundance,[8] and carbon flux.[9]

Open top chamber at Alexandra Fiord on Ellesmere Island

ITEX sites[]

The ITEX network consists of more than 20 sites in polar and alpine locations around the world.[10]

Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island[]

Name of site leader(s): Greg Henry

University: University of British Columbia

Site elevation: 0-100m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 78.8833° N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 75.8000° W

Date site was established: 1987

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 90 OTCs 99 controls

When were they established? 1993

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover, Wind, global radiation etc.

Current or past data collection[11]: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits,[12] Flower counts, Fertilizer plots,[13] Snowmelt dates, Snow addition and removal, GIS data, Drones (https://arcticdrones.org/), Phenocams (GoPros etc.), Transplant experiments,[14] Plot photos, Soil moisture, Soil sampling, Succession studies[15]

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Cassiope,[16] Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Saxifraga, Equisetum, Poppy, Oxyria, Draba, Mosses/Lichens, Fungi[17]

Tundra Ecosystem Research Station, Daring Lake[]

Name of site leader(s): Karin Clark

University: Government of the Northwest Territories

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 65 degrees 52 min N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 111 degrees 32 min W

Date site was established: 1995

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 9

When were they established? Plots established 1995; OTCs in 2000

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, radiation, wind speed and direction

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Snowmelt dates

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Saxifraga, Oxytropis

Qikiqtaruk (Herschel Island), Yukon[]

Name of site leader(s): Isla Myers-Smith

University: University of Edinburgh, Yukon Parks

Site elevation: 70m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.6 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 138.9 W

Date site was established: 1999

Does your site have OTC's? Never had

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 12

When were they established? 1999

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snowmelt dates, GIS data, Drones (https://arcticdrones.org/), Phenocams (GoPros etc.), Soil sampling, Shrub common garden

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Sedges, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens

Disko, Greenland[]

Name of site leader(s):  Per Molgaard

University: Copenhagen

Site elevation: 10-100m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.63N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 42.17W

Date site was established: 1989 (last visit 2013)

Does your site have OTC's? No

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 4

When were they established? 1992

Have they been closed? If so, when? Yes 1994

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Flower counts

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Papaver, Caterpillars on willow

Arctic Station, Disko, Greenland[]

Name of site leader(s): Anders Michelsen, Bo Elberling

University: University of Copenhagen

Mesic-dry heath tundra[]

Site elevation: 95m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69 16 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 53 27 W

Date site was established: 20Does your site have OTC's? Only snow fences

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 48

When were they established? 2012

Have they been closed? If so, when? still running

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Snow fences, Soil moisture, Drones, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens

Wet sedge tundra[]

Site elevation: 85m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69 26 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 53 47 W

Date site was established: 2013

Does your site have OTC's? Only snow fences

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 48

When were they established? 2013

Have they been closed? If so, when? still running

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Snow fences, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, Drones, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Sedges, Rushes, Equisetum, Mosses/Lichens

Zackenberg, Greenland[]

Name of site leader(s): Niels Martin Schmidt

University: Aarhus University

Site elevation: App. 55 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 74.47427

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -20.52895

Date site was established: 1996

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 20

When were they established? 2007

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens

Zackenberg, Greenland[]

Name of site leader(s): Anders Michelsen

University: University of Copenhagen

Site elevation: 35m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 74 30 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 21 00 W

Date site was established: 2004

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 20

When were they established? 2004

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens

Auðkúluheiði, Iceland[]

Name of site leader(s): Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir

University: University of Iceland and University Centre in Svalbard

Site elevation: 450m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 65°12'0" N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 19°42'0" W

Date site was established: 1996

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 30

When were they established? 1996

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Precipitation, Total radiation, PAR

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Equisetum, Silene, Cerastium, Mosses/Lichens, Empetrum

Billefjorden, Svalbard[]

Name of site leader(s): Petr Macek

University: University of South Bohemia

Site elevation: 70m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 78.5304

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  16.3070

Date site was established: 2014

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 30

When were they established? 2015

Have they been closed? If so, when? 

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Precipitation, leaf temperatures

Current or past data collection: Plant cover (%), Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Cassiope, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Saxifraga, Equisetum, Silene, Cerastium, Oxyria, Mosses/Lichens

Knutshø, Dovre, Norway[]

Name of site leader(s): Annika Hofgaard

University: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)

Site elevation: 1050-1150m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 62 18' N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 09 37' E

Date site was established: 1998

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 3

When were they established? 1998

Have they been closed? If so, when? 

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: No, two year of air and soil temperature data (ambient and OTC) at the start of site use

Current or past data collection: Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Plot photos, plant cover (%)

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Equisetum, Mosses/Lichens, Empetrum, Astragalus and a number of other dwarf shrubs and herbs

Finse, Norway[]

Name of site leader(s): Kari Klanderud

University: Norwegian University of Life Sciences

Site elevation: 1500 m asl

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 60.6051° N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 7.5046° E

Date site was established: June 2000

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 40 OTCs 40 controls

When were they established? 2000

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Precipitation, Done by climate station at Finse (1200 m asl)

Current or past data collection: Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Soil moisture, Soil sampling, Vegetation analyses by sub plot frequencies and % cover

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Sedges, Grasses, Silene, Mosses/Lichens

Kilpisjärvi Finland[]

Name of site leader(s): Anne Tolvanen

University: Natural Resources Institute Finland

Site elevation: 670 m a.s.l.

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.4N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 20.490E

Date site was established: 01.06.1994

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 20

When were they established? 1994

Have they been closed? If so, when? running experiment

Is there grazing at your site? Yes, factorial simulated herbivory treatment.

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Herbivory,[18] Soil sampling, GHG fluxes, plant C/N concentrations,[19] soil microbial communities[20]

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Rushes, Mosses/Lichens

Kilpisjärvi Finland II[]

Name of site leader(s): Friederike Gehrmann

University: University of Helsinki

Site elevation: 700m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.0443

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 20.8033

Date site was established: 2014

Does your site have OTC's? Never had

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 24

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, ecophysiology

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Saxifraga, Silene

Latnjajaure, Sweden[]

Name of site leader(s): Robert Bjork and Mats Bjorkman

University: Göteborg University

Site elevation: 981 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68.21N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18.31E

Date site was established: 1990 (First full ITEX year 1993)

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 50 plots (in 5 plant communities)

When were they established? 1993, 1994, 1996

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover, Wind, global radiation etc.

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Flower counts, Plot photos, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, Soil sampling, soil fauna, soil parameters

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Saxifraga, Equisetum, Silene, Cerastium, Oxyria, Draba, Mosses/Lichens, many mosses and lichens determined to species of genera level

Paddus, Abisko, Sweden[]

Name of site leader(s): Anders Michelsen

University: University of Copenhagen

(mesic tree-line heath)[]

Site elevation: 550m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 19 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18 51 E

Date site was established: 1989

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 48

When were they established? 1989

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Herbivory, Flower counts, Fertilizer plots, Soil moisture, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Equisetum, Silene, Mosses/Lichens

Substrate (graminoid-rich heath)[]

Site elevation: 560m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 19 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18 50 E

Date site was established: 2012

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 30

When were they established? 2012

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Fertilizer plots, Soil moisture, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Equisetum, Mosses/Lichens

Multe (wet heath)[]

Site elevation: 430m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 20 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18 49 E

Date site was established: 1999

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 30

When were they established? 1999

Have they been closed? If so, when? 

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Fertilizer plots, Soil moisture, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Equisetum, Mosses/Lichens

Forest (understory in open birch forest)[]

Site elevation: 430m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 20 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18 50 E

Date site was established: 2009

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 10

When were they established? 2009

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Soil moisture, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Vaccinium, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens

Abisko Torneträsk treeline, Sweden[]

Name of site leader(s): Ellen Dorrepaal

University: Umeå University

Site elevation: 570-775 masl

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): N68°18'-N68°31

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): E18°12'-E18°54'

Date site was established: 2011

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 96

When were they established? 2011

Have they been closed? If so, when? NA

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Soil moisture

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Soil moisture, Transplant experiments, Nutrients; (Transplanted) seedling survival; Experiment includes OTCs and moss removal treatments for vegetation dominated by three different moss species, across 8 sites along a precipitation gradient

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens, Empetrum; In general very variable, since the experiment includes 8 sites (one replicate per site) and 3 dominant moss species per site

Arvidsjaur, Sweden - forest fire chronosequence[]

Name of site leader(s): Ellen Dorrepaal

University: Umeå University

Site elevation: 424-522 masl

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): N65°35'-N66°07'

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): E17°15'-E19°26'

Date site was established: 2010

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 80

When were they established? 2010

Have they been closed? If so, when? NA

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Soil moisture

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Soil moisture, Soil sampling, Transplant experiments, Soil nutrients; Nematodes; Microbial community (PLFA); (Transplanted) seedling survival; Litter decomposition; Experiment consists of OTC x moss removal x shrub removal (full factorial) across 10 sites with varying fire history in the northern boreal forest (Pine/Spruce/Birch), with one treatment replicate per site

Main genera in OTC plots: Vaccinium, Mosses/Lichens, Empetrum

Val Bercla, Switzerland[]

Name of site leader(s): Christian Rixen

University * WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF

Site elevation 2500m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees) 46.47

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees) 9.58

Date site was established 1994

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTC's control plots, etc.) 9

When were they established? 1994

Have they been closed? If so, when? No OTCs from 1987-2008

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Does your site collect climate data? If yes, what type? No climate station directly at site but in the general area. Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover

Current or past data collection at your site:Phenology, Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Plot photos, Abundance estimates

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Sedges, Grasses, Saxifraga, Silene, Mosses/Lichens

Gavia Pass I[]

Name of site leader(s): Michele Carbognani

University: Parma (Italy)

Site elevation: 2700 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.3404

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.4986

Date site was established: 2008

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 20

When were they established? 2008

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, litter decomposition

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Cerastium, Mosses/Lichens, Veronica, Cardamine, Poa, Leucanthemopsis

Gavia Pass II[]

Name of site leader(s): Alessandro Petraglia

University: Parma (Italy)

Site elevation: 2700 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.3404

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.4986

Date site was established: 2012

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 18

When were they established? 2012

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Precipitation, PAR

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Flower counts, Snow addition and removal, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Cerastium, Mosses/Lichens, Veronica, Cardamine, Poa, Leucathemopsis

Foscagno Pass[]

Name of site leader(s): Nicoletta Cannone

University: Università dell'Insubria

Site elevation: 2250-2550m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.04 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.02

Date site was established: 2007

Does your site have OTC's? Never had

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 100

When were they established? 2007

Have they been closed? If so, when? running experiment

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Precipitation, Snow depth and snow melting

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, GIS data, Vegetation data (composition and % coverage)

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Saxifraga, Silene, Cerastium, Oxyria, Mosses/Lichens

Stelvio Pass[]

Name of site leader(s): Nicoletta Cannone

University: Università dell'Insubria

Site elevation: 2700m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.31 N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.25 E

Date site was established: 2014

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 120

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when? running experiment

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Snow melting dates

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, GIS data, Soil sampling, Vegetation analyses (composition and % cover)

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Sedges, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens

Alaska Ice Cut[]

Name of site leader(s): Ellen Dorrepaal

University: Umeå University

Site elevation: 385 m asl

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): N69°048'

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): W148°836'

Date site was established: 2014

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 24

When were they established? 2014 (snow fences), 2016 (OTCs)

Have they been closed? If so, when? NA

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Thaw depth; Soil moisture

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Snow fences, Soil moisture, Drones, NDVI; Ecosystem Respiration; GPP

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Mosses/Lichens, Ledum,  Rubus

Toolik Lake, Alaska[]

Name of site leader(s): Laura Gough, Ed Rastetter, Donie Bret-Harte

University: MBL Woods Hole, University of Alaska, Towson University

Site elevation: 730 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 deg 38 min N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 149 deg 34 min W

Date site was established: 1976

Does your site have OTC's? No

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) hundreds

When were they established? 1976-2006

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover, PAR, radiation balance, uv

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Herbivory, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snow fences, Snow addition and removal, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, GIS data, Soil sampling, NPP GPP, bulk CNP stocks and turnover

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Mosses/Lichens, NO OTCs—plastic greenhouses. 5 contrasting veg types

Alaska Ecotypes[]

Name of site leader(s): Ned Fetcher, Jianwu (Jim) Tang, Michael Moody

University: Wilkes University, Marine Biological Laboratory, University of Texas - El Paso

Toolik Lake[]

Site elevation: 763 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68.6293

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -149.5788

Date site was established: 2011, 2014

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 72

When were they established? 24 in 2011, 48 in 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, GIS data, Drones, Phenocams (GoPros etc.), Transplant experiments

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Mosses/Lichens

Sagwon[]

Site elevation: 297m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.4239

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -148.7

Date site was established: 2014

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 48

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Transplant experiments

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Vaccinium, Sedges, Mosses/Lichens

Coldfoot[]

Site elevation: 320 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 67.2586

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -150.1698

Date site was established: 2014

Does your site have OTC's? Never had

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 24

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when? NA

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Transplant experiments

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Mosses/Lichens

Imnaviat Creek, Alaska[]

Name of site leader(s): Jeremy May and Steven Oberbauer

University: Florida International University

Dry Heath[]

Site elevation: 927m asl

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 37' N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 149 18' W

Date site was established: 2016

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 16

When were they established? June 2016

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: No

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, NDVI

Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Saxifraga, Mosses/Lichens

Wet Acidic[]

Site elevation: 927 m asl

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 37' N

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 149 18' W

Date site was established: 2016

Does your site have OTC's? Currently have

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 16

When were they established? June 2016

Have they been closed? If so, when? No

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: No

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, NDVI

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Saxifraga, Mosses/Lichens

Antarctica[]

Name of site leader(s): Nicoletta Cannone

University: Università dell'Insubria

Edmonson Point[]

Site elevation: 5–35 m  

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 74°19'S

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 165°08'E

Date site was established: 2014

Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring without manipulations

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 88

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, Vegetation coverage and floristic composition

Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens

Finger Point[]

Site elevation: 50m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  77°00'S

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 162°26'E

Date site was established:         2014

Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring without manipulations

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 36

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No ongoing experiment

Is there grazing at your site? No             

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, vegetation coverage and floristic composition

Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens

Apostrophe Island[]

Site elevation: 50m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  73°31'S

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 167°25'E

Date site was established:         2014

Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 36

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No, ongoing experiment              

Is there grazing at your site? No            

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, vegetation coverage and floristic composition

Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens        

Tarn Flat[]

Site elevation: 20m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  74°59'S     

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 162°37'E

Date site was established:         2014

Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 36

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No, ongoing experiment

Is there grazing at your site? No              

Climate data: Soil temperature

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, vegetation coverage and floristic composition

Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens

Boulder Clay[]

Site elevation: 150 m                    

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  74°44'S

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 164°01'E

Date site was established:         2014

Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 36

When were they established? 2014

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No, ongoing experiment

Is there grazing at your site? No              

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth

Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, vegetation coverage and floristic composition

Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens

Reserva Ecológica Antisana[]

Name of site leader(s): Priscilla Muriel, Francisco Cuesta

University: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador

Site elevation: 4580 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 0°28'1.50"S

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 78° 9'43.00"W

Date site was established: August 2013

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 25 control plots, 25 OTC plots (2013), 7 OTC+phenology plots and 7 corresponding control plots (2017)

When were they established? August 2013

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No

Is there grazing at your site? Yes

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, This summer 2018 we will install a station with precipitation, radiation (PAR), soil water content

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Planned: soil sampling, herbivory

Main genera in OTC plots: Páramo (tropical alpine vegetation) species

Kobbefjord (Nuuk), Greenland[]

Name of site leader(s): Katrine Raundrup

University: Greenland Institute of Natural Resources

Site elevation: 27 m

Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 64.137147

Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -51.379999

Date site was established: 2008

Does your site have OTC's? Yes

Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 30

When were they established? 2008

Have they been closed? If so, when?  No

Is there grazing at your site? No

Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover

Current or past data collection: Phenology, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, GIS data, Soil sampling

Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Sedges, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens, Empetrum

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Henry, GHR, and Molau, U. 1997. Tundra plants and climate change: the International Tundra Experiment. Global Change Biology, 3(S1): 1-9.
  2. ^ Marion, G. et al. 1997. Open-top designs for manipulating field temperature in high-latitude ecosystems. Global Change Biology, 3(S1): 20-32.
  3. ^ Hollister, RD and Webber, PJ. 2000. Biotic validation of small open-top chambers in a tundra ecosystem. Global Change Biology, 6: 835-842.
  4. ^ Elmendorf, Sarah C.; Henry, Gregory H. R.; Hollister, Robert D.; Björk, Robert G.; Bjorkman, Anne D.; Callaghan, Terry V.; Collier, Laura Siegwart; Cooper, Elisabeth J.; Cornelissen, Johannes H. C. (February 2012). "Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: heterogeneity over space and time". Ecology Letters. 15 (2): 164–175. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01716.x. ISSN 1461-0248. PMID 22136670.
  5. ^ Elmendorf, Sarah C.; Henry, Gregory H. R.; Hollister, Robert D.; Björk, Robert G.; Boulanger-Lapointe, Noémie; Cooper, Elisabeth J.; Cornelissen, Johannes H. C.; Day, Thomas A.; Dorrepaal, Ellen (2012-04-08). "Plot-scale evidence of tundra vegetation change and links to recent summer warming". Nature Climate Change. 2 (6): 453–457. doi:10.1038/nclimate1465. ISSN 1758-678X.
  6. ^ Cornelissen, Johannes H.C.; van Bodegom, Peter M.; Aerts, Rien; Callaghan, Terry V.; van Logtestijn, Richard S.P.; Alatalo, Juha; Stuart Chapin, F.; Gerdol, Renato; Gudmundsson, Jon (July 2007). "Global negative vegetation feedback to climate warming responses of leaf litter decomposition rates in cold biomes". Ecology Letters. 10 (7): 619–627. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x. ISSN 1461-023X. PMID 17542940.
  7. ^ Arft, AM, et al. 1999. Responses of tundra plants to experimental warming: Meta-analysis of the International Tundra Experiment. Ecological Monographs, 96(4): 491-511.
  8. ^ Walker, MD, et al. 2006. Plant community responses to experimental warming across the tundra biome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(5): 1342-1346.
  9. ^ Oberbauer, SF, et al. Tundra CO2 fluxes in response to experimental warming across latitudinal and moisture gradients. Ecological Monographs, 77(2): 221-238.
  10. ^ ITEX Sites Spreadsheet
  11. ^ Freedman, B; Svoboda, Josef; Henry, Gregory (1994-01-01). "Ecology of a Polar Oasis: Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island, Canada". Alexandra Fiord - an Ecological Oasis in the Polar Desert: 1–9.
  12. ^ HUDSON, J. M. G.; HENRY, G. H. R.; CORNWELL, W. K. (2011-01-04). "Taller and larger: shifts in Arctic tundra leaf traits after 16 years of experimental warming". Global Change Biology. 17 (2): 1013–1021. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02294.x. ISSN 1354-1013.
  13. ^ Deslippe, Julie R.; Egger, Keith N.; Henry, Greg H. R. (2005-06-01). "Impacts of warming and fertilization on nitrogen-fixing microbial communities in the Canadian High Arctic". FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 53 (1): 41–50. doi:10.1016/j.femsec.2004.12.002. ISSN 0168-6496. PMID 16329928.
  14. ^ Bjorkman, Anne D. (2013). "Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Experimental Warming in a High Arctic Tundra Ecosystem". Arctic. 66 (4): 512–515. doi:10.14430/arctic4344. JSTOR 23594670.
  15. ^ Jones, Glenda A.; Henry, Greg H. R. (2003). "Primary Plant Succession on Recently Deglaciated Terrain in the Canadian High Arctic". Journal of Biogeography. 30 (2): 277–296. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00818.x. JSTOR 3554519.
  16. ^ Rayback, Shelly A.; Henry, Gregory H. R. (May 2006). "Reconstruction of Summer Temperature for a Canadian High Arctic Site from Retrospective Analysis of the Dwarf Shrub, Cassiope tetragona". Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (Submitted manuscript). 38 (2): 228–238. doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2006)38[228:rostfa]2.0.co;2. ISSN 1523-0430.
  17. ^ Kohn, Linda M.; Stasovski, Elida (1990). "The Mycorrhizal Status of Plants at Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island, Canada, a High Arctic Site". Mycologia. 82 (1): 23–35. doi:10.2307/3759959. JSTOR 3759959.
  18. ^ Ylänne, Henni; Stark, Sari; Tolvanen, Anne (October 2015). "Vegetation shift from deciduous to evergreen dwarf shrubs in response to selective herbivory offsets carbon losses: evidence from 19 years of warming and simulated herbivory in the subarctic tundra". Global Change Biology. 21 (10): 3696–3711. doi:10.1111/gcb.12964. ISSN 1365-2486. PMID 25950664.
  19. ^ Stark, Sari; Ylänne, Henni; Tolvanen, Anne (2018-09-01). "Long-term warming alters soil and enzymatic N:P stoichiometry in subarctic tundra". Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 124: 184–188. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.016.
  20. ^ Rinnan, Riikka; Stark, Sari; Tolvanen, Anne (July 2009). "Responses of vegetation and soil microbial communities to warming and simulated herbivory in a subarctic heath". Journal of Ecology. 97 (4): 788–800. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01506.x. ISSN 0022-0477.

External links[]

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