Iris spuria subsp. demetrii

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Iris spuria subsp. demetrii
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Species:
I. spuria
Subspecies:
I. s. subsp. demetrii
Trinomial name
Iris spuria subsp. demetrii
( and ) B.Mathew
Synonyms [1]
  • Chamaeiris prilipkoana (Kem.-Nath.) M.B.Crespo
  • Iris demetrii Achv. & Mirzoeva
  • Iris prilipkoana Kem.-Nath.
  • Xyridion demetrii (Achv. & Mirzoeva) Rodion.

Iris spuria subsp. demetrii is a species of the genus Iris, part of a subgenus series known as Iris subg. Limniris and in the series Iris ser. Spuriae. It is a subspecies of Iris spuria, a rhizomatous perennial plant, from the Caucasus region, with blue-violet flowers. It is commonly known as Dimitry iris in Russia. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Description[]

The iris is very similar in form to Iris notha, another spuria Iris from the Caucasus region.[2][3] Both dislike wet soils.[3]

It has a rhizome which has not been generally described.

It has stiff, dark green leaves that can grow up to between 60–90 cm (24–35 in) long.[3][4] They are narrower than Iris spuria subsp. carthaliniae,[3] (10–18 mm wide).

It has a stiff stem,[5] that can grow up to between 60–90 cm (24–35 in) long.[6][7][8]

It has dark green, compact, slightly inflated, spathes (leaves of the flower bud).[3][5]

The stems hold between 2–5 terminal (top of stem) flowers,[3][4] in late spring.[7]

The flowers come in shades of blue,[5] from dark blue,[3] to blue-violet.[6][9][10]

It has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals, known as the 'standards'.[11] The narrow falls have blade that is the shorter than the claw (section of petal closest to the stem).[3][10] The petals are veined with darker colours or white.[2][6][9]

The capsules and seeds produced by the plant after flowering, have not been generally described.

Biochemistry[]

As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[11] It has a chromosome count: 2n=38.[9][12][13]

It was counted as 2n=38, by O.I. Zakharyeva and L.M. Makushenko in 1969.[13]

Taxonomy[]

It is commonly known as Dimitry iris in Russia.[14][15][16]

It is known as Iris Demetriou in Czechoslovakia.[2]

It is unknown what the Latin specific epithet demetrii refers to, but an insect (beetle) Chioneosoma demetrii, also shares the same epithet.[17]

It was originally published and described by and as Iris demetrii in Transactions of Bot. Inst. Acad. Sci. Armenia SSR (Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk Armyansk) Vol. 7 page 27, in 1950.[4][18] It was named in 1950 (identical to Iris prilipkoana but not officially described).[3] Iris prilipkoana was later classified as a synonym of Iris spuria subsp. demetrii.[1]

Later, in 1981 Brian Mathew re-classified the species as a subspecies of Iris spuria, and published it as Iris spuria subsp. demetrii (Fomin ) B.Mathew, in (his book The Iris on page 117 in 1981.[19][20]

It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service on 9 January 2003 and then updated on 1 March 2007.[21]

Iris spuria subsp. demetrii is a tentatively accepted name by the RHS.[22]

Distribution and habitat[]

It is native to temperate regions of Asia.[21]

Range[]

It is found in the Transcaucasia regions,[9][12][23] of Armenia,[9][21][23] and Azerbaijan.[15][24][25]

In Armenia, it is found in Zangezur.[24]

Habitat[]

Similar to Iris notha it grows on dry slopes,[5] on the foothills and mountains of Azerbaijan,[3][6] and Armenia.[5]

It has been found at altitudes of 2000 m above sea level.[24]

Conservation[]

Due to the wide distribution of the species within Armenia, has helped protect the plants survive various threats, including being picked for flower bouquets.[23]

It was listed in the 1st edition of the Red Data Book of Armenia, under Iris prilipkoana (a synonym of Iris spuria subsp. demetrii) as 'Near Threatened' (NT).[12][23][25] It was also listed in the Azerbaijan Red Data Book.[15]

It is not included in the Annexes of CITES and the Bern Convention.[23]

Cultivation[]

It prefers to grow in rich, well-drained soil.[3][8] Including clay soils.[3] It dislikes wet soils.[3]

It also prefers positions in full sun or part shade.[7]

It can be susceptible to mustard-seed fungus.[3]

Hybrids and cultivars[]

Due to its habit of liking dry soils, it is of interest to iris plant breeders.[5]

References[]

  1. ^ a b "Iris spuria subsp. demetrii (Achv. & Mirzoeva) B.Mathew is an accepted name". theplantlist.org (The Plant List). 23 March 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  2. ^ a b c Blazek, Milan. "Iris spuria and related species – the importance of culture". ibotky.cz. Retrieved 16 February 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n British Iris Society (1997) A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation, p. 187, at Google Books
  4. ^ a b c Cassidy, George E.; Linnegar, Sidney (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-88192-089-5.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Spuria iris". flowerlib.ru. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d "Spurius Irises, History, Groups And Types, Cultivation And Maintenance". liveinternet.ru. 20 January 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  7. ^ a b c "Perennials – Iris" (PDF). rbg.ca. 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  8. ^ a b "Chapter II iris clump and other (part3)". irisbotanique.over-blog.com. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
  9. ^ a b c d e "Iris summary" (PDF). pacificbulbsociety.org. 14 April 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  10. ^ a b "Irises KSIRIDION (Spur) ( IRIS ) Sem. Kasatikovye". flower.onego.ru. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  11. ^ a b Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0881927306. OL 8176432M.}
  12. ^ a b c Walker, Ken (13 April 2014). "Iris spuria subsp. demetrii". signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  13. ^ a b "CCDB → Angiosperms → Iridaceae → Iris → Iris demetrii Achv. & Mirzoeva". ccdb.tau.ac.il. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  14. ^ "8. Prospects of Hybridization Siberian and Spur Iris". rfc-online.ru. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  15. ^ a b c "The Red Book (2nd edition) has been included in the list of plant and fungal species". eco.gov.az. Archived from the original on 7 March 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  16. ^ "Iris". phart.ru. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  17. ^ Ivan Löbl and Daniel Löbl (editors) Scarabaeoidea – Scirtoidea – Dascilloidea – Buprestoidea – Byrrhoidea ..., p. 259, at Google Books
  18. ^ "Iridaceae Iris demetrii Achv. & Mirzoeva". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 6 March 2015.
  19. ^ "Iridaceae Iris spuria L. subsp. demetrii (Achv. & Mirzoeva) B.Mathew". ipni.org. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  20. ^ Franco, Alain (5 December 2013). "(SPEC) Iris spuria subspecies demetrii (Achv. & Mirzoeva) B.Mathew Iris 117 (1981)". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). Retrieved 16 February 2015.
  21. ^ a b c "Iris spuria subsp. demetrii". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  22. ^ "Search the RHS Horticultural Database". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  23. ^ a b c d e "Iris demetrii Achv. & Mirzoeva". mnp.am. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  24. ^ a b c "Iris prilipkoana Kem.-Nath. (Family Iridaceae ) Prilipko Iris (Iris Dmitry)". plantarium.ru. 3 July 2010. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  25. ^ a b "The Red Book of plants of Armenia, para. 2". vahemart.livejournal.com. Retrieved 4 March 2015.

Sources[]

  • Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). [as I. prilipkoana Kem.-Nath.]
  • Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 117.

External links[]

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