Janice M. Morse

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Janice Margaret Morse (née Hambleton, born 15 December 1945) is an anthropologist and nurse researcher who is best known as the founder and chief proponent of the field of qualitative health research.[1] She has taught in the United States and Canada. She currently holds the Ida May “Dotty” Barnes and D Keith Barnes Presidential Endowed Chair in the College of Nursing at University of Utah,[2] where she received PhDs in transcultural nursing and in anthropology. She is also a Distinguished Professor at University of Utah and Professor Emeritus at the University of Alberta. She is founder of three journals and created four scholarly book series on qualitative research. She was Founding Director of the International Institute of Qualitative Methodology at University of Alberta, the longest standing research institute on qualitative inquiry in the world.[3]

Early life and education[]

Morse grew up in Greymouth, New Zealand in the South Island. Morse received her RN at Grey Hospital School of Nursing and practiced nursing at Royal Victoria Infirmary and Hutt Hospital before moving to the US, where she received a BA in nursing and MA in transcultural nursing from Pennsylvania State University. At the University of Utah, she was awarded an MA in physical anthropology, then simultaneous PhDs in physical anthropology and transcultural nursing in 1981.[2] Her two dissertations dealt with cultural coping mechanisms for reducing pain and anxiety of patients and on food and health of neonates among people in Fiji.[4]

Professional career[]

Morse began her academic career at the University of Alberta, where she advanced from an adjunct instructor and clinical researcher to full professor by 1991. After a five year stint at Pennsylvania State University School of Nursing, she returned to University of Alberta, where she served as professor and launched the International Institute of Qualitative Methodology in the Faculty of Nursing in 1998. She was awarded emeritus status at Alberta in 2007 when she moved to University of Utah to the Barnes and Barnes Presidential Endowed Chair in the College of Nursing. She was made a Distinguished Professor at University of Utah in 2019.

Qualitative health research[]

With a dual background in health care and in anthropology, Morse launched the field of qualitative health research, the practice of using qualitative research methods to study health care and health settings.[5] [6] Her major intellectual contributions in this area include developing theorical coalescence,[7] criteria for rigor,[8] and generalizability for qualitative studies.[9] These topics challenged the long-standing tradition in health and medical fields, which focused on clinical trials and analysis of statistical data. She is also regarded as one of the founders of mixed method research,[10] insisting that mixed methods fully engage qualitative methodologies into the study.

Morse established the major professional and scholarly infrastructure items that support qualitative health research. In 1991, she convened the first international conference on the topic in Edmonton. After organizing three subsequent qualitative health research conferences, she launched the International Institute for Qualitative Methodology (IIQM) at University of Alberta.[11] Morse founded the first journal in the field, Qualitative Health Research (Sage 1991) and has edited it since its inception. She later founded two additional journals, International Journal of Qualitative Methodology (2001), an open access digital publication that welcomed submissions in any language and provided translation services for them, and Global Qualitative Nursing Research (2014), and served as editor of each.

With her departure from Alberta for Utah in 2007, Morse launched an international organization, Global Congress for Qualitative Health Research, which hosts an annual conference.

International Institute of Qualitative Methodology[]

As founder, director, and later scientific director of the Institute, Morse launched numerous initiatives to aid the development of qualitative methodology. IIQM ran two conferences and a week of workshops each year, attracting thousands of scholars from around the world. In addition to the journals, Qual Press was launched to publish original research and produced 11 volumes. It was later distributed by Left Coast Press and now by Routledge. Recognizing the importance of internationalizing the practice of qualitative research, Morse created a network of over 100 corresponding sites in 30 countries. Researchers from corresponding sites came as visiting scholars to Alberta to improve their research skills and Alberta researchers were sent around the world to help teach qualitative methodology in other countries.

Nursing research[]

Morse’s main contribution in nursing research relates to understanding and controlling patient falls. She created the Morse Fall Scale, a six point scale to predict a patient’s risk of falling.[12] Morse has also published extensively on patient comfort,[13] nonpharmaceutical means of reducing patient suffering,[14] menarche,[15] breast feeding, nurse-patient relations, and on broader issues of transcultural nursing, theory in nursing research, and nursing research methods.

Publications and editorial roles[]

  • Nursing Research: The application of qualitative approaches (with P.A. Field) 1985, Aspen
  • Qualitative Nursing Research: A Contemporary Dialogue (editor), 1989, Sage,[16] winner of American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award
  • Critical Issues in Qualitative Research Methods (editor), 1994, Sage,[17] winner of American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award.
  • Preventing Patient Falls, 1997, Sage; 2nd edition, 2009, Springer
  • Developing Grounded Theory: The Second Generation (coedited), 2009, Left Coast/Routledge
  • Completing a Qualitative Project: Details and Dialogue, 1997, Sage, selected as one of the best Health Science Books of 1997 by Doody’s Rating Service
  • Readme First for a User’s Guide to Qualitative Methods (with L. Richards), 2002, Sage;[18] 2nd edition, 2007; 3rd edition 2012
  • Mixed-Method Design: Principles and Procedures (with L. Niehaus), 2009 Left Coast/Routledge
  • Qualitative Health Research: Creating a New Discipline, 2012, Left Coast/Routledge
  • Qualitatively-Driven Mixed-Method Designs, 2017, Left Coast/Routledge; 2nd edition 2018, Routledge
  • Establishing Rigor in Qualitative Inquiry, 2016, Routledge
  • Analyzing and Conceptualizing the Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, 2017, Springer

Recognition[]

Morse has been given lifetime achievement awards from the International Congress on Qualitative Inquiry (2011) and the International Institute for Qualitative Methodology (2019). She was an inaugural inductee of Sigma Theta Tau International’s Nurse Researcher Hall of Fame, and is a fellow of the American Academy of Nursing, American Anthropological Association, Society for Applied Anthropology, and Canadian Academy of Health Sciences.[19] Morse has honorary doctorates from University of Laval, Athabasca University (Canada) and University of Newcastle (Australia). She received the International Nursing Research Award from the American Nursing Association Council of Nurse Researcher in 1991.[20]

Further reading[]

References[]

  1. ^ Morse, J. (2012) Qualitative Health Research: Creating a New Discipline. Walnut Creek CA: Left Coast (Routledge)
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Janice Morse, University of Utah profile, https://faculty.utah.edu/u0556920-Janice_Morse_RN,_PhD,_FAAN/hm/index.hml
  3. ^ Morse, J. (2007). “Developing Qualitative Inquiry.” Qualitative Health Research 17 (5): 567-570. Doi: 10.1177/1049732307301611
  4. ^ Morse, J. M. (1984). “The cultural context of infant feeding in Fiji.” Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 14, 287-296.
  5. ^ Borgeault, I, R. Dingwall and R de Vries, eds. (2010) The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Methods in Health Research, London: Sage
  6. ^ Morse, J.M. (2011). “What is qualitative health research?” In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Sage handbook of qualitative inquiry (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
  7. ^ Morse, J.M. (2018) “Theoretical Coalescence: A Method to Develop Qualitative Theory.” Nursing Research 67 (2): 177-187
  8. ^ Morse, J. M. (2015). “Critical analysis of strategies for determining rigor in qualitative inquiry.” Qualitative Health Research, 25(9), 1212-1222. DOI: 10.1177/1049732315588501
  9. ^ Morse, J. M. (2015). “Building validity in qualitative research.” Journal of Qualitative Research (Korea), 16(1), 1-11
  10. ^ Leech, Nancy L (2011). “Interviews with the early developers of mixed methods research.” Handbook of mixed method research (2nd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
  11. ^ Givens, L. (2008). “International Institute for Qualitative Methodology.” Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963909.n229
  12. ^ Schwendimann, R.; De Geest, S.; Milisen, K. (May 2006). "Evaluation of the Morse Fall Scale in hospitalised patients". Age and Ageing. 35 (3): 311–313. doi:10.1093/ageing/afj066
  13. ^ Tetrault, Annika & Nyback, Maj-Helen. “Supporting the suffering patient in the stage of enduring—A theoretical reflection on suffering as an essential part of nursing.” NOVIA.fl/english: University of Applied Sciences. Series A: Articles, 1/2010. Nova Publications and productions: Tehtaankatu 1, Vasa, Finland. ISSN: 1799-4187 (Online)], ISBN (digital): 978-952-5839-09-8
  14. ^ Forr, B and Naden, D. (March 2009). “Janice Morse’ Theory of Suffering: A Discussion in a Caring Science Perspective.” Nordic Journal of Nursing Research 29 (1), 14-18
  15. ^ Doan, H., & Morse, J. M. (1985). “The last taboo: Roadblocks for researching menarche.” Health Care for Women International, 6(5-6), 277-283
  16. ^ "Qualitative Nursing Research". SAGE Publications Australia. 2020-01-14. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
  17. ^ "Critical Issues in Qualitative Research Methods". SAGE Publications Australia. 2020-01-15. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
  18. ^ "README FIRST for a User's Guide to Qualitative Methods". SAGE Publications Australia. 2020-02-05. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
  19. ^ "International Nurse Researcher Award Honorees". www.sigmanursing.org. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
  20. ^ "Morse, Janice". SAGE Publications Australia. 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
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