Jean Augustine

The Honourable Jean Augustine PC CM OOnt CBE
Minister of State for Multiculturalism and the Status of Women
In office May 26, 2002 – July 29, 2004
Prime Minister	Jean Chretien Paul Martin
Preceded by	Claudette Bradshaw
Succeeded by	Raymond Chan
Fairness Commissioner of Ontario
In office March 1, 2007 – March 20, 2015
Premier	Dalton McGuinty Kathleen Wynne
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Mary Shenstone
Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister of Canada
In office December 6, 1993 – February 22, 1996
Prime Minister	Jean Chretien
Preceded by	André Harvey
Succeeded by	Rey Pagtakhan
Member of Parliament for Etobicoke—Lakeshore
In office October 25, 1993 – January 23, 2006
Preceded by	Patrick Boyer
Succeeded by	Michael Ignatieff
Personal details
Born	(1937-09-09) September 9, 1937 (age 84) St. George's, Grenada
Political party	Liberal
Residence	Toronto, Ontario
Alma mater	University of Toronto (BA, MEd)
Profession	Educator, community organizer

Jean Madeline Augustine PC CM OOnt CBE (born September 9, 1937) is a Grenadian-Canadian educationalist, social advocate and politician. She was the first Black Canadian woman to serve as a federal Minister of the Crown and Member of Parliament.

From 1993 to 2006, Augustine was a Liberal member of the House of Commons of Canada, representing the district of Etobicoke—Lakeshore in Toronto, Ontario. She served as the Minister of State for Multiculturalism and the Status of Women in the Cabinet of Canada from 2002 to 2004 and was the Parliamentary Secretary to Prime Minister Jean Chrétien from 1994 to 1996. Before her election, she had been a school principal.

From 2007 to 2015, she served as the first Fairness Commissioner of Ontario. Following her retirement, she has served as the patron of several non-profit organizations across Canada.

Background & education[]

Augustine was born on September 9, 1937 St. George's in Grenada, but immigrated to Canada in 1960 under the West Indian Domestic Scheme.^[1] She studied at the University of Toronto where she obtained a Bachelor of Arts and a Master of Education. After university she worked as an elementary school principal with the Metropolitan Separate School Board in Toronto. She was also actively involved in Toronto's Caribbean community, sitting on the first committee to organize the Caribana Festival in 1967.^[1]

She has become engaged in numerous organizations for education and social justice, serving with the National Black Coalition of Canada, the Urban Alliance on Race Relations (UARR), the Board of Governors of York University, the Board of Trustees for The Hospital for Sick Children, the Board of Directors of the Donwood Institute, the Board of Harbourfront, and Chair of the Metro Toronto Housing Authority. She was also named National President of the Congress of Black Women of Canada in 1987.^[2]

Federal politics[]

In the 1993 federal election, Augustine became the first Black Canadian woman elected to the Parliament of Canada; she served three terms as Chair of the National Liberal Women's Caucus. In February 2002, Augustine was elected Chair of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade.^[3] While in office, Jean Augustine was solely responsible for championing legislation to recognize February as Black History Month in Canada with a unanimous vote of 305–0 in 1995.^[4] This statement allowed Canadians to honour their Black history during the same time that their Americans had for generations.

Augustine also was the first Black Canadian woman appointed to the federal cabinet.^[1] On May 26, 2002, Augustine was appointed Secretary of State (Multiculturalism) (Status of Women). In December 2003, she was re-appointed to the new Cabinet as Minister of State (Multiculturalism and Status of Women). In 2004, she was appointed to the position of Assistant Deputy Chair of Committees of the Whole, making her the first Black Canadian to occupy the Speaker's Chair in the Canadian House of Commons.

Augustine was the founding chair of the Canadian Association of Parliamentarians on Population & Development, chair of the National Sugar Caucus, chair of the Micro-credit Summit Council of Canadian Parliamentarians, chair of the Canada-Slovenia Parliamentary Group, and chair of the Canada–Africa Parliamentary Group.

On November 28, 2005, Augustine announced her intention to retire from the House, saying that she would not be a candidate in the 2006 Canadian election.^[5] She endorsed Liberal Michael Ignatieff to succeed her.

Later life[]

In 2007, Augustine was nominated by the Government of Ontario to become the first Fairness Commissioner, a position created to advocate for Canadians with foreign professional credentials.^[6] Augustine retired from the position of Fairness Commissioner in March 2015.^[7]

In 2007, Augustine donated her personal records to the Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections at York University. "Pushing buttons, pushing stories" is a digital exhibit of Augustine's personal political buttons.^[8]

In 2008, the Jean Augustine Chair in Education was established in the Faculty of Education at York University.^[9]

Augustine serves as the patron, visitor or honorary chair of a number of organizations, including the NATO Association of Canada.

Honours and awards[]

• In 2021, Augustine was given the Lifetime Achievement Award from Maclean's Magazine, as part of its 12th annual Parliamentarians of the Year awards.^[4][10]
• Augustine was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws from her alma mater, University of Toronto. In 2009, she was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws from McGill University. In 2017, she was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws from Trent University.^[11]
• She has received the YWCA Woman of Distinction Award, the Kay Livingstone Award, the Ontario Volunteer Award, an African Canadian Achievement Award (Pride News Magazine), the Rubena Willis Special Recognition Award, and the Toronto Lions' Club Onyx Award.^[1]
• In 2009, she was made a Member of the Order of Canada "for her distinguished career as an educator, politician and advocate for social justice in Canada".^[12]
• She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2014 Birthday Honours for services to education and politics in Grenada, from which she had emigrated 54 years previously.^[13]
• The Jean Augustine Scholarship Fund was named for her, which she helps support with fundraising. It assists single mothers to undertake post-secondary study at George Brown College.
• Jean Augustine Secondary School in Brampton, Ontario is named for her.^[14]
• Toronto District School Board (TDSB) Girls’ Leadership Academy.^[15]
• In 2011 Augustine was one of the Top 25 Canadian Immigrant Award winners.^[16]

Electoral record[]

v 2004 Canadian federal election: Etobicoke—Lakeshore
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean Augustine	24,909	50.2	1.5
	Conservative	John Capobianco	15,159	30.6	10.0
	New Democratic	Margaret Anne McHugh	7,179	14.4	7.9
	Green	John Huculiak	2,201	4.4
	Marxist–Leninist	Janice Murray	129	0.2	0.0
Total valid votes			49,577	100.0

Note: Conservative vote is compared to the total of the Canadian Alliance vote and Progressive Conservative vote in 2000 election.

v 2000 Canadian federal election: Etobicoke—Lakeshore
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jean Augustine	22,467	51.8	5.6
	Alliance	David Court	9,160	21.1	2.1
	Progressive Conservative	David Haslam	8,453	19.5	3.4
	New Democratic	Richard Joseph Banigan	2,835	6.5	2.4
	Natural Law	Don Jackson	244	0.6	0.3
	Marxist–Leninist	Janice Murray	116	0.3	0.0
	Communist	Ed Bil	113	0.3
Total valid votes			43,388	100.0

Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to the Reform vote in 1997 election.

References[]

External links[]

• Jean Augustine archives held at the Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections, York University Libraries, Toronto, Ontario
• How'd They Vote?: Jean Augustine's voting history and quotes
• Jean Augustine – Parliament of Canada biography
• "Pushing buttons, pushing stories"
• 2011 Top 25 Canadian Immigrant Awards