John Butler, 1st Earl of Gowran

John Butler
John Butler
Earl of Gowran
Tenure	1676–1677
Born	1643; Dublin
Died	August 1677; Paris
Family	Butler dynasty
Spouse(s)	Anne Chichester
Father	James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond
Mother	Elizabeth Preston

John Butler, Earl of Gowran (1643–1677) was an MP in the Irish Parliament before being created Earl of Gowran in 1676.

Birth and origins[]

John was born in 1643 at Dublin, as the sixth child of James Butler and his wife Elizabeth Preston. His father was the 1st Duke of Ormond. His father's family, the Butler dynasty, was Old English and descended from Theobald Walter, who had been appointed Chief Butler of Ireland by King Henry II in 1177.^[1] Thomas's mother was a second cousin once removed of his father (see family tree). She was the heiress of Richard Preston, 1st Earl of Desmond. His parents had married on Christmas Day 1629.^[2]

Family tree

John Butler with wife, parents, and other selected relatives.^[a]

James
9th Earl
1496–1546

Joan
FitzGerald
d. 1565

Thomas
10th Earl
c. 1531
– 1614
Black Tom

Elizabeth
Sheffield

John of
Kilcash
d. 1570

Elizabeth
Butler
c. 1585
– 1628

Richard
Preston
1st Earl
Desmond
d. 1628)

Walter
11th Earl
1559 – 1633
'Beads'

Thomas
Viscount
Thurles
bef. 1596 –
1619

Elizabeth
Pointz
1587–1673

Elizabeth
Preston
1615–1684

James
1st Duke
1610–1688

Richard
of
Kilcash
1615–1701

Thomas
6th Earl
Ossory
1633–1680

John
1st Earl
Gowran
1643–1677

Anne
Chichester

Walter
of
Garryricken
d. 1700

James
2nd Duke
Ormond
1665–1745

Charles
1st Earl
Arran
1671–1758

Thomas
of
Garryricken
d. 1738

John
de jure
15th Earl
d. 1766

Legend

XXX

Subject of
the article

XXX

Earls & dukes
of Ormond

John was one of 10 siblings, but five died in childhood.^[4]

John listed among his siblings
He appears among his siblings as the fourth child: Thomas (1634–1680), predeceased his father, but left a son who would become the 2nd Duke^[5] Richard (1639–1686), was the first and last Earl of Arran of the 1662 creation and predeceased his father^[6] Elizabeth (1640–1665), married Philip Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Chesterfield^[7] and had affairs with James Hamilton^[8] and the Duke of York^[9] John (1643–1677) Mary (1646–1710), married William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire.^[10]

Early years[]

John was born in Dublin where his mother had rejoined his father in 1642 after the Confederates allowed her to leave Kilkenny Castle. In 1647 he was then taken by his parents to England when his father handed Dublin over to the Parliamentarians. in 1648 his mother took him and his siblings to Caen in Normandy, France,^[11] while his father stayed somewhat longer in England, then also fled to France and was employed by the king in Paris and on international missions. In 1652 the family in Caen ran out of money and his mother went with the children to London and obtained some help from Cromwell. In 1655 she moved to Ireland and lived with her children at Dunmore near Kilkenny. At the restoration their father rejoined them in Ireland.

In parliament[]

On 20 August 1662, during the Irish Parliament (1661–1666), the only one held in the reign of Charles II (1660–1685), he replaced his brother Thomas as the member (MP) for Trinity College as Thomas had been summoned to the House of Lords by a writ of acceleration as Earl of Ossory and could therefore not sit any more in the House of Commons.^[12]

Marriage[]

In January 1674 he married Lady Anne Chichester, only daughter of Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall.^[13] His marriage stayed childless.^[14]

Later life[]

On 13 April 1676 John Butler was created Baron Aghrim, Viscount Clonmore, and Earl of Gowran, all in the Peerage of Ireland.^[15]

Death[]

He travelled to Paris for the recovery of his health but died there in August 1677, aged about 34.^[16]

He left no issue and his titles died with him.^[17]

Notes, citations and sources[]

Notes[]

^ This family tree is partly derived from the condensed Butler family tree pictured in Dunboyne.^[3] Also see the lists of siblings in the text. His marriage was childless.

Citations[]

^ Debrett 1828, p. 640: "Theobald le Boteler on whom that office [Chief Butler of Ireland] was conferred by King Henry II., 1177 ..."
^ Airy 1886, p. 53, line 2: "... the marriage took place on Christmas of the same year [1629] ..."
^ Dunboyne 1968, pp. 16–17: "Butler Family Tree condensed"
^ Perceval-Maxwell 2004, p. 130, right column, line 3: "... between 1632 and 1646 Elizabeth ... gave birth to eight sons including Richard Butler, five of whom died as children, and two daughters."
^ Cokayne 1895, p. 150: "Thomas Butler, styled Earl of Ossory ('the gallant Ossory') 2d but 1st surv. [surviving] s. [son] and h. app. [heir apparent], b. [born] at Kilkenny 5 July 1634 ..."
^ Burke 1949, p. 1540, right column, line 31: "Richard, cr. [created] 13 May 1662 Baron Butler, Viscount of Tullogh and Earl of Arran ..."
^ Debrett 1828, p. 114, bottom: "Philip, 2nd earl m. [married] 1st Anne, da. [daughter] of Algernon Percy, earl of Northumberland; 2ndly Elizabeth, da. of James Butler, duke of Ormond; and 3rd ..."
^ Hamilton 1888, p. 181: "Hamilton, therefore was no further embarrassed than to preserve Lady Chesterfield's reputation, who, in his opinion, declared herself rather too openly in his favour ..."
^ Pepys 1893, p. 360: "He tells me also how the Duke of York is smitten in love with my Lady Chesterfield (a virtuous Lady, daughter of my Lord Ormond); and so much, that the duchess of York hath complained to the king and her father about it, and my Lady Chesterfield is gone into the country for it."
^ Burke 1949, p. 1540, right column, line 43: "Mary m. [married] 1st Duke of Devonshire, K.G., and d. [died] 31 July 1710, leaving issue."
^ Carte 1851, p. 384: "The marchioness of Ormond had landed in that country on June 23d [1648], with her two sons and three daughters, and had taken up her residence at Caen."
^ House of Commons 1878, p. 615: "1662 / 20 Aug. / Lord John Butler vice Earl of Ossory, summoned by writ to the House of Peers. / ditto [Dublin University]"
^ Cokayne 1892, p. 64, line 14: "He m. [married], Jan. 1674, Anne, da. [daughter] and coheir of Arthur (Chichester) 1st Earl of Donegall ..."
^ Burke 1949, p. 1540, right column, line 39: "John, cr. [created] Earl of Gowran 1676, m. [married] Lady Anne Chichester, dau. [daughter] of 1st Earl of Donegal, but d.s.p. [died without issue] 1677, when the dignity expired."
^ Cokayne 1892, p. 64, line 12: "... was, 13 April 1676, cr. Baron Aghim, co. Galway, Viscount Clonmore, co. Kilkenny, and Earl of Gowran [I. [Ireland]]"
^ Lodge 1789, p. 57, line 10: "... but his Lordship [John] travelling to Paris for the recovery of his health, died there in August 1677, leaving no issue, whereby the titles ceased."
^ Cokayne 1892, p. 64, line 16: "He d. [died] s.p. [without issue] at Paris, Aug. 1677, when all his honours became extinct."

Sources[]

Airy, Osmund (1886). "Butler, James, twelfth Earl and first Duke of Ormonde (1610–1688)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 8. New York: MacMillan and Co. pp. 52–60. OCLC 8544105.
Burke, Bernard (1949). A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire (99th ed.). London: Burke's Peerage Ltd.
Carte, Thomas (1851) [1st pub. 1736]. The Life of James Duke of Ormond. Vol. 3 (New ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. OCLC 1086656347. – 1643 to 1660
Cokayne, George Edward (1892). The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant. Vol. 4 (1st ed.). London: George Bell and Sons. – G to K (for Gowran)
Cokayne, George Edward (1895). The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant. Vol. 6 (1st ed.). London: George Bell and Sons. – N to R (for Ormond)
Debrett, John (1828). Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 1 (17th ed.). London: F. C. and J. Rivington. - England
Dunboyne, Patrick Theobald Tower Butler, Baron (1968). Butler Family History (2nd ed.). Kilkenny: Rothe House.
Hamilton, Anthony (1888). Memoirs of Count Grammont. Translated by Walpole, Horace. Philadelphia: Gebbie & Co.
House of Commons (1878). Members of Parliament. Parliamentary Papers. Vol. 62. London: H. M. Stationery Office.
Lodge, John (1789). The Peerage of Ireland. Vol. 4. Dublin: James Moore. – Viscounts (for Mountgarrett)
Pepys, Samuel (1893). Wheatley, Henry Benjamin (ed.). The Diary of Samuel Pepys. Vol. 2. London: George Bell & Sons. – 1 April 1661 to 31 December 1661
Perceval-Maxwell, Michael (2004). "Butler [née Preston] Elizabeth, duchess of Ormond and suo jure Lady Dingwall (1615–1684)". In Matthew, Henry Colin Gray.; Harrison, Brian (eds.). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 9. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 130–131. ISBN 0-19-861359-8. (for his mother)

Peerage of Ireland
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[4] This family tree is partly derived from the condensed Butler family tree pictured in Dunboyne.^[3] Also see the lists of siblings in the text. His marriage was childless.

[FOOTNOTEDebrett1828[httpsarchiveorgdetailsdebrettspeerage01debrgoogpagen218_640]-1] Debrett 1828, p. 640: "Theobald le Boteler on whom that office [Chief Butler of Ireland] was conferred by King Henry II., 1177 ..."

[FOOTNOTEAiry1886[httpsarchiveorgdetailsdictionaryofnati08stepuoftpage53_53,_line_2]-2] Airy 1886, p. 53, line 2: "... the marriage took place on Christmas of the same year [1629] ..."

[FOOTNOTEDunboyne1968[httpsarchiveorgdetailsbutlerfamilyhist00dunbpage16_16–17]-3] Dunboyne 1968, pp. 16–17: "Butler Family Tree condensed"

[FOOTNOTEPerceval-Maxwell2004[httpsarchiveorgdetailsisbn_0198613598page130_130,_right_column,_line_3]-5] Perceval-Maxwell 2004, p. 130, right column, line 3: "... between 1632 and 1646 Elizabeth ... gave birth to eight sons including Richard Butler, five of whom died as children, and two daughters."

[FOOTNOTECokayne1895[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerage06cokahrishpagen151_150]-6] Cokayne 1895, p. 150: "Thomas Butler, styled Earl of Ossory ('the gallant Ossory') 2d but 1st surv. [surviving] s. [son] and h. app. [heir apparent], b. [born] at Kilkenny 5 July 1634 ..."

[FOOTNOTEBurke1949[httpsarchiveorgdetailsburkesgenealogic1949unsepage1540_1540,_right_column,_line_31]-7] Burke 1949, p. 1540, right column, line 31: "Richard, cr. [created] 13 May 1662 Baron Butler, Viscount of Tullogh and Earl of Arran ..."

[FOOTNOTEDebrett1828[httpsarchiveorgdetailsdebrettspeerage03debrgoogpagen360_114,_bottom]-8] Debrett 1828, p. 114, bottom: "Philip, 2nd earl m. [married] 1st Anne, da. [daughter] of Algernon Percy, earl of Northumberland; 2ndly Elizabeth, da. of James Butler, duke of Ormond; and 3rd ..."

[FOOTNOTEHamilton1888181-9] Hamilton 1888, p. 181: "Hamilton, therefore was no further embarrassed than to preserve Lady Chesterfield's reputation, who, in his opinion, declared herself rather too openly in his favour ..."

[FOOTNOTEPepys1893[httpsarchiveorgdetailscu31924070675008pagen377_360]-10] Pepys 1893, p. 360: "He tells me also how the Duke of York is smitten in love with my Lady Chesterfield (a virtuous Lady, daughter of my Lord Ormond); and so much, that the duchess of York hath complained to the king and her father about it, and my Lady Chesterfield is gone into the country for it."

[FOOTNOTEBurke1949[httpsarchiveorgdetailsburkesgenealogic1949unsepage1540_1540,_right_column,_line_43]-11] Burke 1949, p. 1540, right column, line 43: "Mary m. [married] 1st Duke of Devonshire, K.G., and d. [died] 31 July 1710, leaving issue."

[FOOTNOTECarte1851[httpsarchiveorgdetailslifeofjamesdukeo03cartpage384_384]-12] Carte 1851, p. 384: "The marchioness of Ormond had landed in that country on June 23d [1648], with her two sons and three daughters, and had taken up her residence at Caen."

[FOOTNOTEHouse_of_Commons1878[httpsbooksgooglecoukbooksidL1ETAAAAYAAJpg615_615]-13] House of Commons 1878, p. 615: "1662 / 20 Aug. / Lord John Butler vice Earl of Ossory, summoned by writ to the House of Peers. / ditto [Dublin University]"

[FOOTNOTECokayne1892[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerage04cokahrishpagen61_64,_line_14]-14] Cokayne 1892, p. 64, line 14: "He m. [married], Jan. 1674, Anne, da. [daughter] and coheir of Arthur (Chichester) 1st Earl of Donegall ..."

[FOOTNOTEBurke1949[httpsarchiveorgdetailsburkesgenealogic1949unsepage1540_1540,_right_column,_line_39]-15] Burke 1949, p. 1540, right column, line 39: "John, cr. [created] Earl of Gowran 1676, m. [married] Lady Anne Chichester, dau. [daughter] of 1st Earl of Donegal, but d.s.p. [died without issue] 1677, when the dignity expired."

[FOOTNOTECokayne1892[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerage04cokahrishpagen61_64,_line_12]-16] Cokayne 1892, p. 64, line 12: "... was, 13 April 1676, cr. Baron Aghim, co. Galway, Viscount Clonmore, co. Kilkenny, and Earl of Gowran [I. [Ireland]]"

[FOOTNOTELodge1789[httpsarchiveorgdetailspeerageofireland04lodgpage57_57,_line_10]-17] Lodge 1789, p. 57, line 10: "... but his Lordship [John] travelling to Paris for the recovery of his health, died there in August 1677, leaving no issue, whereby the titles ceased."

[FOOTNOTECokayne1892[httpsarchiveorgdetailscompletepeerage04cokahrishpagen61_64,_line_16]-18] Cokayne 1892, p. 64, line 16: "He d. [died] s.p. [without issue] at Paris, Aug. 1677, when all his honours became extinct."

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