John Munro Longyear

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John Munro Longyear, Sr.
John Munro Longyear Marquette MI.JPG
Born(1850-04-15)April 15, 1850
Lansing, Michigan, U.S.
DiedMay 28, 1922(1922-05-28) (aged 72)
Brookline, Massachusetts, U.S.
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1879)​
Children7
Parent(s)
Signature
Signature of John Munro Longyear, Sr.png
Memorial to John Munro Longyear in Longyearbyen, Norway

John Munro Longyear, Sr. (April 15, 1850 – May 28, 1922) was an American businessman and noted developer of timber and mineral lands in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan[1] who became the central figure behind the Arctic Coal Company, which surveyed and mined coalfields on Spitsbergen, now Svalbard, from 1905 to 1916. This company developed a settlement on Spitsbergen able to accommodate up to around 500 people which became known as Longyear City, now Longyearbyen, adjacent Advent Bay.[2]

Biography[]

Longyear was born in Lansing, Michigan, on April 15, 1850, the son of U.S. Congressman John Wesley Longyear (1820–1875) and Harriet Longyear (née Harriet Munro, 1826–1917).[3] It is unclear how many siblings Longyear had, but it is known that he had two brothers named Howard and James and a sister named Ida.[4][5] Through his mother, Longyear was reportedly the great-great-great grandchild of the Scottish American soldier William Munroe.[6]

He was one of the founders, c. 1890, of the Huron Mountain Club near Big Bay, Michigan. In 1906 he founded the Arctic Coal Company with long-time associate Frederick Ayer and several other small shareholders. Longyear was the main owner of the Arctic Coal Company with headquarters in Boston, Massachusetts. Longyear had visited Svalbard in 1901, and bought the in 1906.

Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani started as a consortium of Norwegian investors in 1916. It purchased Arctic Coal Company's and Ayer and Longyear's lands and operations on Spitsbergen in that year. They went on to develop major coal-mining operations in the Advent Valley region and at Sveagruva, originally a Swedish coal-mining operation.

His passport application, dated 1895, describes Longyear, then 45 years old, as 6 feet 0 inches (1.83 m) tall with black and grey hair and brownish grey eyes.[7]

Personal life[]

Longyear married Mary Beecher Longyear (née Mary Hawley Beecher, 1851-1931) on January 4, 1879 in Battle Creek, Michigan.[8] Mary was a Christian Scientist and a philanthropist, perhaps best known for her involvement in the publication of the first braille version of the KJV Bible.[1] The couple had seven children together: Judith F. Longyear, Robert D. Longyear, Howard M. Longyear, Abby B. Roberts, Helen M. Paul, John B. Longyear, and John M. Longyear, Jr.[9][10][11] Some sources list the Longyears as having only five children but this discrepancy is likely due to that Howard and John died young, Howard M. Longyear at 20 and John B. Longyear as a toddler.[12] For some years, the family was accompanied by a nurse, a young German woman named Angela Nerling, who both lived and traveled with them.[7]

In the early 20th century, Longyear made the decision to move from Michigan, where his family lived in a stone mansion on the shores of Lake Superior, to Massachusetts. His wife Mary was reportedly unsettled by the idea of leaving the family's home and so, Longyear arranged for the home to be dismantled and transported 1,300 miles across the country by railroad to their new hometown and reassembled there in 1903. Longyear lived out the rest of his life in Brookline, Massachusetts.[13] He died at his home there on May 28, 1922.[14]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Stratton, Robert E. (April 22, 1975). "There Was No Place Like Home for the Longyears". The Milwaukee Journal. Part 1, p. 10. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  2. ^ "Longyear family of New York". The Political Graveyard. Archived from the original on December 28, 2009.
  3. ^ "Index to Politicians: Long-bey to Looker". The Political Graveyard.
  4. ^ "United States Census, 1860". FamilySearch (Database). 1860. J W Longyear. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
  5. ^ "Michigan Death Certificates, 1921–1952". FamilySearch (Database). June 2, 1921. Howard Williams Longyear. Retrieved December 12, 2014.
  6. ^ Michigan State Medical Society; Burr, C. B. (1930). Medical History of Michigan. Minneapolis: Bruce Publishing. LCCN 31011995. Retrieved February 23, 2018 – via Library of Congress.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b "United States Passport Applications, 1795–1925". FamilySearch (Database). 1895. John M Longyear in entry for Mary H Longyear. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  8. ^ "Michigan Marriages, 1822-1995". FamilySearch (Database). January 4, 1879. John M. Longyear and Mary H. Beacher. Retrieved February 10, 2018.
  9. ^ Eggers, Leah (April 28, 2014). "Mrs. Mary Beecher Longyear (1851–1931)". Longyear Museum. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  10. ^ "United States Census, 1900". FamilySearch (Database). John M Longyear, Marquette city Ward 3, Marquette, Michigan, United States. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  11. ^ Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third Series: 1953: January-June. Copyright Office, Library of Congress. 1954. p. 330.
  12. ^ "Who was Longyear?". Spitsbergen Travel. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  13. ^ support (May 28, 2013). "The Longyear Story". Longyear Museum. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  14. ^ "Was Prominent Mining Man". Barre Daily Times. May 29, 1922. p. 2. Retrieved December 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

Further reading[]

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