John Tyler Sr.
John Tyler Sr. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Virginia | |
| In office January 7, 1811 – January 6, 1813 | |
| Appointed by | James Madison |
| Preceded by | Cyrus Griffin |
| Succeeded by | St. George Tucker |
| 15th Governor of Virginia | |
| In office December 1, 1808 – January 15, 1811 | |
| Preceded by | William H. Cabell |
| Succeeded by | James Monroe |
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Tyler February 28, 1747 York County, Colony of Virginia, British America |
| Died | January 6, 1813 (aged 65) Greenway Plantation, Charles City County, Virginia |
| Spouse(s) | Mary Marot Armistead (m. 1777; death 1797) |
| Children |
|
| Mother | Anne Contesse |
| Father | John Tyler II |
| Education | College of William & Mary read law |
John Tyler Sr. (February 28, 1747 – January 6, 1813) was a Virginia planter, slave owner,[1] 15th Governor of Virginia, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Virginia and the father of President John Tyler.
Early life and education[]
Born on February 28, 1747, in York County, Colony of Virginia, British America,[2] Tyler attended the College of William & Mary and read law with Robert Carter Nicholas Sr.[2][3]
Career[]
Like his father, Tyler was a planter and operated his plantations using enslaved labor. In the 1787 Virgina tax census, he owned 20 enslaved adults and 14 enslaved children, as well as 12 horses and 75 cattle in Charles City County, Colony of Virginia (State of Virginia).[4]
Following his admission to the Virginia bar, Tyler also had a private legal practice in Charles City County, Colony of Virginia (State of Virginia) from July 4, 1789.[2]
Tyler served in the Continental Army in 1775, during the American Revolutionary War.[2]
Charles City County voters elected him one of their representatives to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1778 to 1788, and fellow delegates elected him as their Speaker (1781 to 1784).[2]
In addition to his legislative service, Tyler also served as a Judge of the Virginia High Court of Admiralty from 1776 to 1788.[2] He was a member of the Virginia Council of State (now the Virginia Governor's Council) from 1780 to 1781.[2] Legislators elected Tyler a Judge of the General Court of Virginia starting in 1788.[2]
Virginia ratification convention[]
Charles City County voters elected Tyler as one of their representatives to the Virginia convention that ultimately ratified the United States Constitution in 1788. During that convocation, fellow delegates elected Tyler the convention's Vice-President.[2] In the debates over ratification of the United States Constitution, Tyler was an Anti-Federalist, voting against the document at the Virginia Ratifying Convention in 1788. He explained his opposition stating, "It has been often observed ... that liberty ought not to be given up without knowing the terms. The gentlemen themselves cannot agree in the construction of various clauses of [the Constitution]; and so long as this is the case, so long shall liberty be in danger."[5]
Legislators elected Tyler the 15th Governor of Virginia from 1808 to 1811.[2]
Federal judicial service[]
President James Madison on January 2, 1811, appointed Tyler to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Virginia vacated by Judge Cyrus Griffin.[2] The United States Senate confirmed the appointment on January 3, 1811, and Tyler received his commission on January 7, 1811.[2]
Death and legacy[]
Tyler died on January 6, 1813 at Greenway Plantation in Charles City County.[2][3]
Tyler County, West Virginia is named in Tyler's honor.[6]
Family[]
Tyler married Mary Marot Armistead (1761–1797) in 1776.[3] They were the parents of eight children, including future President John Tyler.[3]
References[]
- ^ Chitwood, Oliver Perry (1939). John Tyler, Champion of the Old South. Russell & Russell. pp. 10–11. OCLC 424864. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m John Tyler at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a public domain publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "A Guide to the Governor John Tyler Executive Papers, 1808-1811 Tyler, John, Executive Papers of Governor, 1808-1811 41223". ead.lib.virginia.edu.
- ^ Netti Schreiner-yantia and Florena Speakman LOve, The 1787 Census of Virginia (Genealogical Books in Print, Springfield, Virginia19787) p. 10150
- ^ "Energetic Government: John Tyler, Virginia Ratifying Convention". press-pubs.uchicago.edu.
- ^ "Tyler County history sources". web.archive.org. 2013-05-29. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
Sources[]
- John Tyler Sr. at The Political Graveyard
- John Tyler at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a public domain publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
External links[]
- Archival records
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- 1747 births
- 1813 deaths
- John Tyler family
- Fathers of presidents of the United States
- Fathers of vice presidents of the United States
- Governors of Virginia
- Speakers of the Virginia House of Delegates
- Justices of the Virginia Supreme Court
- Judges of the United States District Court for the District of Virginia
- United States federal judges appointed by James Madison
- American people of English descent
- People from Charles City County, Virginia
- American planters
- College of William & Mary alumni
- People from York County, Virginia
- Virginia colonial people
- Continental Army soldiers
- People of Virginia in the American Revolution
- 19th-century American politicians
- 19th-century American judges
- United States federal judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law