Kakka

Kakka (also known as Gaga) is a minor god, attendant and messenger (sukkal) of both Anu and Anshar in ancient Mesopotamian religion.^[1] He is mostly represented in Akkadian texts, particularly in Nergal and Ereshkigal, in which Anu sends him with a message to god Nergal in the underworld.^[2]^[3] He also is featured in the Enûma Eliš. He is sent by Anshar to the forces of Tiamat with the formal announcement of Marduk's readiness to battle Tiamat.

A hymn to Ninshubur conflates both messengers with each other.^[4]

Zecharia Sitchin identifies Gaga as the dwarf planet Pluto, which he considers an escaped moon of Saturn (which he identifies as Anshar), in his fringe interpretations of Sumerian literature. ^[5]

References[]

Morris Jastrow, The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria, Ginn & Company, 1898.
Michael Jordan, Encyclopedia of Gods, Kyle Cathie Limited, 2002

^ Piotr Steinkeller, "The Mesopotamian God Kakka," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 41:4, 1982, pp. 289-94.
^ Gwendolyn Leick. A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology. London & NY: Routledge, 2003, p. 56
^ Karel van der Toorn, Bob Becking, Pieter Willem van der Horst (eds.). Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible, 2nd ed., pp. 46, 53
^ A hymn to Ninšubur (Ninšubur B), Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, 25-30: (...) "I, Ninšubur I, Kaka, will ride high in joy like my mother."
^ "Pluto".

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[1] Piotr Steinkeller, "The Mesopotamian God Kakka," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 41:4, 1982, pp. 289-94.

[2] Gwendolyn Leick. A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology. London & NY: Routledge, 2003, p. 56

[3] Karel van der Toorn, Bob Becking, Pieter Willem van der Horst (eds.). Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible, 2nd ed., pp. 46, 53

[4] A hymn to Ninšubur (Ninšubur B), Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, 25-30: (...) "I, Ninšubur I, Kaka, will ride high in joy like my mother."

[5] "Pluto".

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