Kanishka II

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Kanishka II
Kushan emperor
KanishkaIIObverse.JPG
Coin with a depiction of Kanishka II.
Reign200–222 CE
PredecessorVasudeva I
SuccessorVasishka
Kushan Empire
30 CE–350 CE
Coin of Kanishka I.jpg
Kushan devotee portrait.jpg
Heraios1-30 CE
Kujula Kadphises50–90 CE
Vima Takto90-113 CE
Vima Kadphises113-127 CE
Kanishka I127-151 CE
Huvishka151-190 CE
Vasudeva I190-230 CE
Kanishka II230-247 CE
Vāsishka247-267 CE
Kanishka III267-270 CE
Vasudeva II270-300 CE
Mahi300-305 CE
Shaka305-335 CE
Kipunada335-350 CE
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Kanishka II (Brahmi: Gupta ashoka kaa.svgGupta ashoka nni.jpgGupta ashoka ssk.jpg Kā-ṇi-ṣka) was one of the emperors of the Kushan Empire from around 225–245 CE. He succeeded Vasudeva I who is considered to be the last great Kushan emperor.[1]

Rule[]

While he upheld Kushan rule in northern India, it is likely that Kanishka II lost the western part of his empire, namely Bactria/Tokharistan to the Sasanian Shapur I (240-272 CE), whose conquests would be consolidated by the Kushano-Sassanians.[1] In his inscriptions at Naqsh-e Rostam Shapur now claimed that he controlled the realm of the Kushans (Kūšān šahr) "up to Purushapura" (Peshawar), suggesting that he may have expanding even beyond the Hindu-Kush at the expense of the Kushans.[1] The rock inscription at Rag-i-Bibi further support this view.[1]

Several overstrikes by the Kushano-Sasanian Peroz I Kushanshah over coins of Kanishka II are known, and it is from the time of Peroz that the first Kushano-Sasanian coins were issued south of the Hindu-Kush.[2]

Kanishka II may have retaken control of Gandhara at one point, as well as Kapiśa, and there are suggestions that following these successes he may have created a second Era of Kanishka in celebration of the hundredth anniversary of the original one.[1]

Coinage and dated statuary[]

Notes[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). From the Kushans to the Western Turks. p. 202.
  2. ^ Cribb 2018, p. 20-21.
  3. ^ Rienjang, Wannaporn; Stewart, Peter, eds. (2017). Problems of Chronology in Gandharan Art (PDF). Archaeopress. pp. 35–51. ISBN 978-1-78491-856-9. Retrieved 27 May 2021.

Sources[]

External links[]

Preceded by
Vasudeva I 		Kushan Ruler Succeeded by
Vasishka
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Kushan Empire
Emperors, territories and chronology
Territories/
dates		 Western India Western Pakistan
Balochistan		 Paropamisadae
Arachosia
 Bajaur Gandhara Western Punjab Eastern Punjab Mathura Pataliputra
INDO-SCYTHIAN KINGDOM INDO-GREEK KINGDOM INDO-SCYTHIAN Northern Satraps
25 BCE – 10 CE Indo-Scythian dynasty of the
APRACHARAJAS
Vijayamitra
(ruled 12 BCE – 15 CE)[1] 		Liaka Kusulaka
Patika Kusulaka
Zeionises 		Kharahostes
(ruled 10 BCE– 10 CE)[2]
Mujatria 		Strato II and Strato III Hagana
10-20CE INDO-PARTHIAN KINGDOM
Gondophares 		Indravasu INDO-PARTHIAN KINGDOM
Gondophares 		Rajuvula
20–30 CE Ubouzanes
Pakores 		Vispavarma
(ruled c.0–20 CE)[3] 		Sarpedones Bhadayasa Sodasa
30-40 CE KUSHAN EMPIRE
Kujula Kadphises (c.50–90)[4] 		Indravarma Abdagases ... ...
40–45 CE Aspavarma Gadana ... ...
45–50 CE Sasan Sases ... ...
50–75 CE ... ...
75–100 CE Indo-Scythian dynasty of the
WESTERN SATRAPS
Chastana 		Vima Takto (c.90–113)[4] ... ...
100–120 CE Abhiraka Vima Kadphises (c. 113–127)[4]
120 CE Bhumaka
Nahapana 		PARATARAJAS
 Kanishka I (c. 127–151)[4] Great Satrap Kharapallana
and Satrap Vanaspara
for Kanishka I
130–230 CE

Jayadaman
Rudradaman I
Damajadasri I
Jivadaman
Rudrasimha I

Rudrasimha I
Jivadaman
Rudrasena I


Arjuna

Huvishka (c. 151 – c. 190)[4]
Vasudeva I (c. 190 – 230)[4]

230–250 CE


Damasena



Vijayasena
Damajadasri III
Rudrasena II


Kozana

KUSHANO-SASANIANS
Ardashir I (c. 230 – 250)
Ardashir II (?-245)

Kanishka II (c. 230 – 247)[4]
250–280

Peroz I, "Kushanshah" (c. 250 – 265)
Hormizd I, "Kushanshah" (c. 265 – 295)

Vāsishka (c. 247 – 267)[4]
Kanishka III (c. 267 – 270)[4]

280–300 Bhratadarman

Hormizd II, "Kushanshah" (c. 295 – 300)

Vasudeva II (c. 267 – 300)[4]

GUPTA EMPIRE
Chandragupta I
Samudragupta
Chandragupta II

300��320 CE

Visvasena
Rudrasimha II
Jivadaman

Peroz II, "Kushanshah" (c. 300 – 325)

Mahi (c. 300–305)[4]
Shaka (c. 305 – 335)[4]

320–388 CE

Yasodaman II


Simhasena

Varahran I (325–350)
Shapur II Sassanid king and "Kushanshah" (c. 350)

Kipunada (c. 335 – 350)[4]

388–396 CE Rudrasimha III KIDARITES invasion
  1. ^ From the dated inscription on the Rukhana reliquary
  2. ^ Richard Salomon (July–September 1996). "An Inscribed Silver Buddhist Reliquary of the Time of King Kharaosta and Prince Indravarman". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 116 (3): 418–452 [442]. JSTOR 605147.
  3. ^ Richard Salomon (1995) [Published online: 9 Aug 2010]. "A Kharosthī Reliquary Inscription of the Time of the Apraca Prince Visnuvarma". South Asian Studies. 11 (1): 27–32. doi:10.1080/02666030.1995.9628492.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Jongeward, David; Cribb, Joe (2014). Kushan, Kushano-Sasanian, and Kidarite Coins A Catalogue of Coins From the American Numismatic Society by David Jongeward and Joe Cribb with Peter Donovan. p. 4.
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