King's Hall, Edinburgh

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"St Paul's Newington" redirects here. For the Church of England parish church in Newington, London, see St Paul's Church, Newington.
The King's Hall
Community Church Edinburgh
Newington Free Church, now known as the King's Hall in Edinburgh.jpg
55°56′25.8″N 3°10′48.85″W / 55.940500°N 3.1802361°W / 55.940500; -3.1802361
LocationEdinburgh
CountryScotland
DenominationIndependent evangelical
Previous denominationChurch of Scotland (1929–1984)
United Free Church of Scotland (1900–1929)
Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900)
History
Former name(s)St Paul's Newington Parish Church (1942–1984)
Newington East Parish Church (1929–1942)
Newington United Free Church (1900–1929)
Newington Free Church (1843–1900)
StatusActive
Founded1985
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architect(s)David Cousin; Henry & Maclennan
StyleGothic revival
Completed1843
Clergy
Pastor(s)Rupert Ward
Listed Building – Category B
Official nameThe King's Hall, (Formerly St Paul's Newington Church of Scotland) 41A South Clerk Street
Designated29 April 1977
Reference no.LB27504

The King's Hall is a church in Newington, Edinburgh, Scotland. Constructed as Newington Free Church in 1843, it is now used by Community Church Edinburgh: an independent evangelical congregation.

The church was founded by factions from Liberton and Newington Parish Church, who had joined the Free Church at the Disruption of 1843. Its first minister was James Begg. The congregation joined the United Free Church in 1900 and the Church of Scotland in 1929 as Newington East Parish Church. McCrie-Roxburgh united with the church in 1920 and, in 1942, the congregation united with St Paul's Church in to form St Paul's Newington Parish Church. In 1984, the Church of Scotland congregation united with and the buildings were sold to an independent evangelical congregation, Edinburgh City Fellowship, which has been known as Community Church Edinburgh since 2000. Between 1986 and 2007, the church buildings also housed Regius School: an independent Christian school.

The church's building was designed by David Cousin and constructed in 1843. Its present appearance is largely due to a major renovation of 1907 by Henry & Maclennan. Since 1977, the building has been Category B listed.

History[]

Newington Free Church[]

Newington Free Church was formed at the Disruption of 1843. Although David Runciman, minister of Newington Parish Church had remained in the established church, many of the congregation, including four elders, had joined the newly established Free Church. The congregation secured a site for a new church on South Clerk Street and were joined by four elders from Liberton and their minister, James Begg. Begg and the Free congregation of Liberton had been unable to find a site in their village. By 10 November the same year, the new church was opened.[1]

The church was designed by David Cousin. Originally situated among green fields, the building was soon surrounded as the city grew.[2] Four years after the opening, Cousin converted the east end of the church as a school. An organ by C. & F. Hamilton was added in 1902 and rebuilt by Eustace Ingram in 1908. In 1907, the church's interior was altered to accommodate an organ and its façade remodelled in the late Scottish Gothic style. This renovation was mostly funded by a distiller, Duncan Stewart, earning the church the local nickname "The Whisky Kirk".[3][4][5] From its foundation to the 1870s, the congregation supported missionary work in . It also supported a school on Causewayside, which remained under church control even after the Education (Scotland) Act 1872 brought other church schools under state control.[6]

The congregation supported the union of the Free Church and the United Presbyterian Church and, like most Free congregations, joined the newly formed United Free Church in 1900.[4][7] On uniting with McCrie-Roxburgh in 1920, the congregation retained the name Newington. At the union of the United Free Church with the Church of Scotland in 1929, however, the congregation adopted the name Newington East Parish Church to differentiate it from the nearby Newington Parish Church.[8][9]

In the interwar period, the church's congregation had been declining and its finances were deteriorating. The minister, Andrew Gilchrist, agreed to retire in 1942. This allowed the union of St Paul's and Newington East to form St Paul's Newington on 4 October the same year.[10][11] The local population and church membership continued to decline and the Newington St Paul's considered union with Newington and St Leonard's in 1956 and 1972, with College in 1961, and with Salisbury in 1967. The same year, the Presbytery of Edinburgh proposed a six-way union of congregations to include St Paul's Newington with Newington and St Leonard's; ; Nicolson Street; Buccleuch; and St Margaret's, Dumbiedykes. This proved too complex.[12]

Newington was the site of an early ecumenical joint council of churches. The council proposed an ecumenical partnership with but this was rejected by St Paul's Newington's kirk session. The congregation rejected an offer by the South Side Community Care Project to use the halls as a staffed day centre. At the departure of St Paul's Newington's last minister, Alexander Cassells, the Presbytery of Edinburgh offered the congregation dissolution or union with . Despite briefly considering a cross-denominational union with Dalkeith Road United Reformed Church, the congregation accepted the latter offer and joined Kirk o' Field on 6 May 1984.[13]

Ministers[]

James Begg: first minister of Newington Free Church

The following ministers served Newington Free Church (1843–1900); Newington United Free Church (1900–1929); Newington East Parish Church (1929–1942); and St Paul's Newington Parish Church (1942–1984):[2][14][11][15][16][17]

  • 1843–1883 James Begg
  • 1885–1904 William Whyte Smith
  • 1904–1909 Daniel Lamont
  • 1909–1942 Andrew Gilchrist
  • 1943–1961 James Alexander Bremner
  • 1961–1967 John MacLeod
  • 1967–1983 Alexander Ketchen Cassells

St Paul's Church[]

St Paul's Church was built as part of the Church of Scotland's Church Extension Scheme and opened for worship on 4 December 1836. The church's first trustees included distinguished figures such as John Abercrombie; Rev John Paul; and Rev John Bruce. Robert Elder was inducted as the first minister with Robert Smith Candlish preaching at the installation.[18] The General Assembly had created St Paul's a parish quoad sacra on 30 May 1836 and the Court of Teinds recognised this status on 28 May 1838.[19] Under Elder, the congregation grew and numbered between 450 and 500 members when, at the Disruption of 1843, Elder led almost all the congregation out of the established church and into the newly formed Free Church.[18]

The church was a squat neoclassical building with an Italianate bell tower.[20] Construction had been largely funded by a donation of over £2,000 from Agnes Hunter of Glencorse. Hunter's donation meant the church belonged to the congregation rather than the Church of Scotland and also meant that it was largely free of construction debt. At the Disruption, the congregation was, therefore able to claim the buildings for the new Free Church.[21][22] The Court of Session allowed the congregation to remain on the condition it refunded the Church of Scotland a £300 grant.[23][24]

Elder was called to minister at Rothesay in 1847 and was succeeded by William Maxwell Hetherington, whose Sunday night lectures on Old Testament history often drew large crowds to the church.[25] In 1851, during Hetherington's incumbency, congregational halls became the site of the school attached to the church.[26] At the departure of Hetherington's successor, George Brown, in 1876, the school had a roll of 500 pupils.[26] After the Edinburgh School Board took over management of the school in the 1870s, the halls were occupied solely for congregational use.[27][28] In 1898, the church's first organ was installed.[29] In 1900, the congregation, along with most of the Free Church, joined the United Free Church in 1900 before rejoining the Church of Scotland in 1929.[19]

After the death in 1942 of St Paul's last minister, John Bain, the congregation began negotiations to unite with the nearby congregation of Newington East.[30][31] After the congregations united to form St Paul's Newington on 4 October 1942, the St Paul's buildings were leased to Edinburgh Corporation for use as an annexe to the nearby James Clark Technical School; although the congregation retained use of the halls. In 1948, the council converted the church into the Cygnet Theatre. The theatre had ceased to function by 1954, when the church was again being used by James Clark Technical School and by Preston Street School. In 1958, the building was sold to a private buyer before being demolished in 1980 to make way for St Leonard's Police Station.[32][33] At the union of the congregations, St Paul's communion plate was donated to St Andrew's Church, Malta, which had lost its plate in the bombing of the island.[34]

Ministers[]

Robert Elder: first minister of St Paul's Church

The following ministers served St Paul's Parish Church (1836–1843 and 1929–1942); St Paul's Free Church (1843–1900); and St Paul's United Free Church (1900–1929):[21][35][31][36]

  • 1838–1847 Robert Elder
  • 1848–1857 William Maxwell Hetherington
  • 1857–1873 George Brown
  • 1874–1876 Andrew Ryrie
  • 1876–1913 William Meek Falconer
  • 1913–1925 Herbert Francis Falconer
  • 1926–1942 John Bain

King's Hall[]

After St Paul's Newington's union with in 1984, the buildings were sold to Edinburgh City Fellowship, an independent evangelical church, for £60,000. The new congregation took possession of the buildings in January 1985 and subsequently reordered the sanctuary as a multi-purpose auditorium.[37][38] The Edinburgh City Fellowship had been founded in the late 1970s as an offshoot of City Temple: a Pentecostal church.[39]

From 1986, the church operated Regius School, an independent Christian school, in the halls of the church. It relocated to Musselburgh in 2007.[37][40] After an internal disgreement in 2000, the congregation changed its name to Community Church Edinburgh. Initially led by Colin Symes, the congregation leadership transitioned to Rupert Ward in 2014 with Symes retiring from paid ministry in 2020.[39]

Community Church Edinburgh[]

Community Church Edinburgh defines itself as "Jesus focused", "Presence loving", "Scripture centred", "Kingdom orientated", "Spirit led, and "Missionally committed". The congregation's activities include Sunday worship as well as community groups and a food bank. The church's leadership team is led by Rupert Ward.[39] Bethel Edinburgh Sozo, an "inner healing ministry", is also operated in the King's Hall by members of Community Church Edinburgh.[41]

During the Edinburgh Fringe, the building is operated by Summerhall as a performance venue.[42]

Buildings[]

The church was designed by David Cousin and completed in 1843.[2] Four years after the opening, Cousin converted the east end of the church as a school and raised the interior to accommodate galleries.[43] In 1907, the church was altered by Henry & Maclennan, who added a chancel to the interior and remodelled its façade remodelled in the late Scottish Gothic style.[3][4][5]

The façade, as remodelled in 1907 is symmetrical with a central bay of consisting of pitched gable and four-light window of curvilinear tracery at above a round-arched door. This bay is heavily buttressed and flanked by bays imitating the ends of aisles with straight, pierced parapets above single-light windows. The interior consists of four bays with an arcade of cast iron pillars supporting a U-shaped gallery. At the east end is a chancel added in 1907.[5][43]

The church was inscribed as a Category B listed building on 29 April 1977.[43]

References[]

Citations[]

  1. ^ Pinkerton 2012, pp. 129-130.
  2. ^ a b c Ewing 1914, ii p. 7.
  3. ^ a b Pinkerton 2012, pp. 130-131.
  4. ^ a b c Dunlop 1988, p. 71.
  5. ^ a b c Gifford, McWilliam, Walker 1984, p. 241.
  6. ^ Pinkerton 2012, pp. 134-135.
  7. ^ Pinkerton 2012, p. 135.
  8. ^ Dunlop 1988, pp. 74-75.
  9. ^ Pinkerton 2012, p. 138.
  10. ^ Pinkerton 2012, p. 140.
  11. ^ a b Lamb 1961, p. 29.
  12. ^ Pinkerton 2012, pp. 142, 150.
  13. ^ Pinkerton 2012, pp. 143-146.
  14. ^ Lamb 1956, p. 30.
  15. ^ MacDonald 1981, p. 24.
  16. ^ MacDonald 2001, p. 22.
  17. ^ Dunlop 1988, pp. 71-72, 74-75.
  18. ^ a b Bain 1936, p. 6.
  19. ^ a b Dunlop 1988, p. 70.
  20. ^ Pinkerton 2012, p. 124.
  21. ^ a b Ewing 1914, ii p. 11.
  22. ^ Dunlop 2020, p. 40.
  23. ^ Bain 1936, pp. 6-7.
  24. ^ Scott 1915, p. 188.
  25. ^ Bain 1936, pp. 7-10.
  26. ^ a b Bain 1936, p. 11.
  27. ^ Bain 1936, pp. 12-13.
  28. ^ Pinkerton 2012, p. 127.
  29. ^ Bain 1936, p. 13.
  30. ^ Pinkerton 2012, p. 128.
  31. ^ a b Lamb 1961, p. 41.
  32. ^ Pinkerton 2012, pp. 140-141.
  33. ^ Dunlop 1988, p. 75.
  34. ^ Pinkerton 2012, p. 141.
  35. ^ Lamb 1956, p. 20
  36. ^ Dunlop 1988, pp. 70-71.
  37. ^ a b Pinkerton 2012, p. 159.
  38. ^ "COMMUNITY CHURCH EDINBURGH KING'S HALLS". doorsopendays.org.uk. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
  39. ^ a b c "About us". cce.community. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  40. ^ "About Regius School". regius.edin.sch.uk. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  41. ^ "Bethel Edinburgh Sozo". sozoedinburgh.org. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  42. ^ "Sumerhall@The King's Hall". tickets.edfringe.com. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  43. ^ a b c "THE KING'S HALL, (FORMERLY ST PAUL'S NEWINGTON CHURCH OF SCOTLAND) 41A SOUTH CLERK STREET: LB27504". portal.historicenvironment.scot. Retrieved 28 December 2021.

Bibliography[]

  • Bain, John (1936). St Paul's Church, Edinburgh: 1836-1936. Hugh Paton & Sons.
  • Dunlop, Ian G. (1988). The Kirks of Edinburgh: 1560–1984. Scottish Record Society. ISBN 0902054104.
  • Ewing, William (1914). The Annals of the Free Church of Scotland. T. & T. Clark.
  • Lamb, John Alexander
    • The Fasti of the United Free Church of Scotland: 1900-1929. Oliver and Boyd. 1956.
    • Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae: The Succession of Ministers in the Church of Scotland from the Reformation: Volume IX: Ministers of the Church from the Union of the Churches, 2nd October 1929, to 31 December 1954. Oliver and Boyd. 1961.
  • MacDonald, Finlay Angus John (2000). Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae: The Succession of Ministers in the Church of Scotland from the Reformation: Volume XI: Ministers of the Church from 1 January 1976 to 30 September 1999. T&T Clark. ISBN 0567087506.
  • MacDonald, Donald Farquhar MacLeod (1981). Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae: The Succession of Ministers in the Church of Scotland from the Reformation: Volume X: Ministers of the Church from 1 January 1955 to 31 December 1975. The Saint Andrew Press. ISBN 0715204955.
  • Pinkerton, Roy M.
    • Kirk o' Field and the Churches of Edinburgh's South Side. J Thomson Colour Printers. 2012.
    • Threads in a Tapestry: The Greyfriars Congregations. ClaroPrint. 2020.
  • Scott, Hew
    • Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae: The Succession of Ministers in the Church of Scotland from the Reformation (New Edition): Volume I: Synod of Lothian and Tweeddale. Oliver and Boyd. 1915.
    • Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae: The Succession of Ministers in the Church of Scotland from the Reformation: Volume VIII: Ministers of the Church from the Date of Publication of Volumes I-VII, 1914-1928, to the Union of the Churches, 2nd October 1929, and Addenda and Corrigenda 1960-1949. Oliver and Boyd. 1950.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""