Kreis Kulm

The district of Kulm was a Prussian district in the Marienwerder administrative region, which existed from 1772 to 1920. The district capital was Kulm. Today the territory of the district lies in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland.

Kreis Kulm (1772 - 1818)

Kreis Kulm (1887 - 1920)

West Prussia (1919)

Regierungsbezirk Danzig

Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder

History[]

The area of the Kulm district became part of Prussia after the First Partition of Poland in 1772. The district covered most of the historic region of Chełmno Land.^[1] On April 30, 1815, the area became part of the new Marienwerder administrative region of the province of West Prussia. As part of a comprehensive district reform, the old Kulm district was significantly reduced in size on April 1, 1818. The southern parts of the Kulm district formed part of the new district of Thorn and the northern parts formed the new district of Graudenz. The district of Kulm now included the towns of Kulm and Briesen.

Grubno manor around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

From December 3, 1829 to April 1, 1878, West Prussia and East Prussia were united to form the Province of Prussia, which had belonged to the German Empire since 1871. Due to the steady increase in population in the 19th century, several districts in West Prussia proved too large. On October 1, 1887, the district of Kulm gave up part of its territory to the new district of Briesen. Due to the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, the district area had to be ceded to Poland on January 10, 1920 for the purpose of establishing the Polish Corridor.

Demographics[]

The Kulm district had a mixed population of Germans and Poles.

Population of the Kulm district ^[2]
	1831		1855
Germans	20,027	61.3%	23,882	52.1%
Poles	12,262	38.7%	21,992	47.9%
Total	32,689		45,874

Municipalities[]

In 1910, the Kulm district comprised the town of Kulm and 77 rural communities.^[3]

Municipalities in Kreis Kulm
Adlig Neudorf Adlig Waldau Althausen Bienkowko Blandau Blotto Borken Borowno Brosowo Damerau Dembowitz Dolken Dombrowken Drzonowo Dübeln Eiselau Falkenstein Firlus Friedrichsbruch Gogolin Grenz Griebenau Groß Czyste Groß Kämpe Groß Lunau Hönsdorf	Jamerau Janowo Kaldus Kielp Klammer Klein Kämpe Klein Lunau Kokotzko Kollenken Kölln Königlich Groß Trzebcz Königlich Kiewo Königlich Waldau Kornatowo Kottenau Krajenczyn Kulm, town Kulmisch Dorposch Kulmisch Neudorf Kulmisch Roßgarten Lissewo Malankowo Mosgowin Neu Bolumin Neugut Neusaß	Niederausmaß Oberausmaß Osnowo Plangenau Pniewitten Podwitz Raffa Reinau Rosenau Ruda Scharnese Schemlau Schlonz Schöneich Schönsee Segertsdorf Steinwage Striesau Strutzfon Trebis Unislaw Villisaß Waltersdorf Wilhelmsau Wilhelmsbruch Zakrzewo

Notable People[]

Heinz Guderian, Kurt Schumacher and Hermann Löns were born in Kulm.

References[]

^ Goldbeck, Johann Friedrich (1789). Volständige Topographie des Königreichs Preussen (in German). Auf eigene Kosten und in eignem Verlage.
^ Belzyt, Leszek (1998). Sprachliche Minderheiten im preussischen Staat: 1815 - 1914 ; die preußische Sprachenstatistik in Bearbeitung und Kommentar. Marburg: Herder-Inst. ISBN 978-3-87969-267-5.
^ "Willkommen bei Gemeindeverzeichnis.de". www.gemeindeverzeichnis.de. Retrieved 2021-02-08.

[1] Goldbeck, Johann Friedrich (1789). Volständige Topographie des Königreichs Preussen (in German). Auf eigene Kosten und in eignem Verlage.

[2] Belzyt, Leszek (1998). Sprachliche Minderheiten im preussischen Staat: 1815 - 1914 ; die preußische Sprachenstatistik in Bearbeitung und Kommentar. Marburg: Herder-Inst. ISBN 978-3-87969-267-5.

[3] "Willkommen bei Gemeindeverzeichnis.de". www.gemeindeverzeichnis.de. Retrieved 2021-02-08.

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