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Law enforcement in New York City

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Law enforcement
in New York
Law enforcement in
Officers
  • Police officers
  • Peace officers
Types of agencies
  • State
  • County
  • Municipal agencies
  • College and university
  • Other
  • Defunct
Law
New York State Criminal Procedure Law
  • v
  • t

Law enforcement in New York City is carried out by numerous Federal, State and City agencies. New York City has the highest concentration of agencies in the United States.

As with the rest of the US, agencies operate at federal and state levels. However, New York City's unique nature means many more operate at lower levels.

Federal government agencies

Main article: Federal law enforcement in the United States

State government agencies

The Government of New York State operates one of the highest numbers of law enforcement agencies in the United States. While their jurisdiction stretches throughout New York City, many functions are duplicated by municipal agencies.


Bi-state agencies

These agencies work in both New York State and New Jersey and have jurisdiction in both states.

List of Agencies

Patch Force Parent department Duties Titled as Amount of Personnel
Patch of the NY NJ Port Authority Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police Department (PAPD) Port Authority of New York and New Jersey General law enforcement concerning PA areas NYS police officers Approx. 2200+
n/a Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor Police Waterfront Commission of New York Harbour (part of Port of New York and New Jersey) General law enforcement concerning Harbour/Waterfront Areas unknown unknown

City government agencies

Powers and Authority

Members of New York city law enforcement agencies receive their powers and authority from New York State Criminal Procedure Law in one of two ways:

  • as police officers, under Article 2, §1.20,
  • as peace officers, under Article 2, §2.10, sub 25 and special patrolman, under Article 2, §2.10 sub 27.

Designation as a special patrolman is unique to New York City, and is granted by the Commissioner of the NYPD under section 14-106 of the New York City Administrative Code in conjunction with the New York State Criminal Procedure Law Article 2 Section 2.10 Sub 27. The exercise of these powers is limited to the employee's geographical area of employment and only while such employee is actually on duty as listed in Chapter 13 subsection (C): Special Patrolman,</ref>. New York City Special Patrolman are appointed in connection with special duties of employment, and such designation confers limited Peace Officer powers upon the employee as listed in Chapter 13 subsection (C).

Privatized Public Safety Officers must complete the New York State POST (Peace Officer Standard of Training) to become certified.

List of Agencies

There are at least sixteen City law enforcement agencies (including the FDNY Fire Marshals) and these are listed in the table below.

Patch Force Parent department Duties Type Amount of Personnel
Patch of the New York City Police Department New York City Police Department (NYPD) - Responsible for the Policing and investigations of all crimes in New York City Police Officers[3] Approx. 36,230
New York City Department of Environmental Protection Police (DEP Police) New York City Department of Environmental Protection Responsible for the protecting of NYC's water supply system Police Officers[4] Approx. 200
New York City Fire Department Fire Marshals New York City Fire Department (FDNY) Responsible for the Investigation of serious fires and arson within NYC Police Officers[5] Approx. 150
New York City Sheriff's Office (NYCSO) New York City Department of Finance Primarily responsible for the enforcing of civil court orders and investigate tax / deed fraud in NYC Deputy Sheriff[6] Approx. 150
Nyctlc logo.webp New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission Responsible for the enforcing of NYC taxi licensing regulations and traffic laws concerning livery vehicles Special Patrolmen[7] Approx. 205
New York City Department of Homeless Services Police (NYC DHS Police) New York City Department of Homeless Services Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Homeless Facilities Special Patrolmen[8] Approx. 380
New York City Human Resources Administration Police Department (NYC HRA Police) New York City Human Resources Administration Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Human Resources Administration Facilities Special Patrolmen[9] Approx. 130
New York City Department of Sanitation Police (DSNY Police) New York City Department of Sanitation (DSNY) Responsible for the enforcement NYC Sanitation laws and health code regulations Special Patrolmen[10] Approx. 80
New York City Parks Enforcement Patrol (NYC PEP) New York City Department of Parks and Recreation Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Parks and properties Special Patrolmen[11] Approx. 85
New York City Department of Probation - Responsible for supervision people placed on probation by the NYC court system. Probation Officer[12] Approx 60
City University of New York Public Safety Dept. patch City University of New York Public Safety Dept City University of New York (CUNY) Responsible for the safety and security at CUNY campuses and facilities Public Safety Officer[13] Approx. 715
New York City Department of Correction (NYCD) - Responsible for the care and custody of inmate in NYC correctional facilities Correction Officer[14] Approx. 9500
New York City Police Department School Safety Division New York City Police Department (NYPD) Responsible for the safety and security at NYC public schools Special Patrolmen[15] Approx. 5000
New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services Police New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services (DCAS) Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Citywide Administrative Services facilities. Special Patrolmen[16] Approx. 15
New York City Department of Health and Hospitals Police (NHYP) New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (NYC HHC) Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Health and Hospital facilities Special Patrolmen[17] Approx. 1250
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Police (DOHMH Police) New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene facilities. Special Patrolmen[18] Approx 10
New York City Administration for Children's Services Police (ACS Police) New York City Administration for Children's Services Responsible for the safety and security at NYC Administration of Children Service facilities. Special Patrolmen[19] -
New York City Department of Investigation (NYC DOI) Government of New York City Responsible for investigating NYC governmental corruption & fraud Special Patrolman[20] Approx 35
New York City Business Integrity Commission (BIC) New York City Business Integrity Commission Responsible for regulating private catering industry, public wholesale markets businesses, and the shipboard gambling industry Special Patrolmen[21] Approx 60

Since 1942, correction and probation services have been handled by separate agencies, not the sheriff's office.[22]

The New York City Marshals, who are independent public officers enforcing civil debt, are not peace officers. New York City Marshals are regulated by the New York City Department of Investigation.[23]

Public Safety Officers

Some areas of New York City have "Public Safety Officers", which are neither totally private (see below) or city government (see above agencies).

  1. The Times Square Alliance has its own Public Safety Officers (PSOs) who act as the 'eyes and ears' for local police.[24] They are unarmed and their motto is: New York's Most Helpful.
  2. The Flatiron 23rd Street Partnership BID has its own Public Safety Officers who act as ambassadors for the area. They patrol in uniform, during the daytime, seven days a week, regardless of weather.[25]

Private agencies

A number of private communities and/or entities operate their own public safety agencies. Select personnel of these agencies are sworn as New York state peace officers, providing them with limited law enforcement authority within New York City.

Patch Force Parent department Duties Title Amount of Personnel
Bay Terrace Public Safety Department Cord Meyer Development LLC - Bay Terrace Shopping Centre Public Safety at Bay Terrace Public Safety -
Big Six Towers Public Safety Department Mitchell-Lama cooperative housing company Public Safety duties at Big Six Towers Public Safety Officer Approx 8
Co-op City Department of Public Safety (CCPD) Co-op City Responsible with safety and security of residents and visitors in Co-op City Special Patrolmen Approx. 100
NY - Hunts Point Public Safety Hunts Point Department of Public Safety (HPPS) Hunts Point Cooperative Market Responsible for safety and security at Hunts Point Market Special Patrolmen Approx. 20
Morningside Heights Housing Corporation Department of Public Safety (MHHC PSD) Morningside Gardens Responsible with safety and security at Morningside Gardens property. Public Safety Officer -
New York Racing Association Peace Officers New York Racing Association Responsible with safety and security at NYRA facilities. Special Police Officers Approx 15
Parkchester Department of Public Safety (PDPS) Parkchester, Bronx Responsible with safety and security at Parkchester property. Public Safety Officer Approx. 65
Roosevelt Island Public Safety Department (RIPSD) Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation Responsible with safety and security at Roosevelt Islands stations and Tramway Public Safety Officer Approx 40
Sea Gate Police Department (SGPD) Seagate Home Association Responsible with safety and security at Sea Gate private community Public Safety Officers Approx. 10
Peter Cooper Village Stuyvesant Town Public Safety (PCVST) Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village Responsible with safety and security at peter copper village community Public Safety Officers Approx 10
Starrett City Department of Public Safety Starrett City Responsible with safety and security at Spring Creek Towers. public safety officers Approx 10

Prosecuting attorneys

In New York State, each county has an elected district attorney who is responsible for the prosecution of violations of New York state laws. Federal law in the city of New York is prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York or the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York.

Office Office holder Jurisdiction Duties
Bronx County District Attorney's Office Darcel Clark The Bronx Prosecution of violations of New York state laws
Kings County District Attorney's Office Eric Gonzalez Brooklyn Prosecution of violations of New York state laws
New York County District Attorney's Office Cyrus Vance Jr. Manhattan Prosecution of violations of New York state laws
Queens County District Attorney's Office John M. Ryan Queens, New York Prosecution of violations of New York state laws
Richmond County District Attorney's Office Michael McMahon Staten Island Prosecution of violations of New York state laws
Special Narcotics Prosecutor for the City of New York Bridget G. Brennan New York, Bronx, Kings, Queens, Richmond Prosecution of violations of New York state narcotics laws
U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York Geoffrey Berman New York, Bronx, Westchester, Putnam, Rockland, Orange, Dutchess, Sullivan Prosecution of violations of U.S. federal laws
U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of New York Richard P. Donoghue Kings, Queens, Richmond, Nassau, Suffolk Prosecution of violations of U.S. federal laws

Disbanded agencies

  • ASPCA Humane Law Enforcement Division
  • New York City Park Police
  • New York Cross Harbor Railroad Police
  • New York City Telegraph Bureau
  • Defunct Agencies from the Bronx
    • Bronx County Safety Patrol
    • Kingsbridge Town Police Department
    • Town of Morrisania Police Department
    • West Farms Town Police Department
  • Defunct Agencies from Brooklyn
    • Brooklyn Police Department
    • Brooklyn Bridge Police
    • Brooklyn Town Police Department
    • Bushwick Town Police Department
    • Flatbush Town Police Department
    • Flatlands Town Police Department
    • New Utrecht Town Police Department
  • Defunct Agencies from Queens
    • Flushing Town Police Department
    • Long Island City Police Department
    • Jamaica Town Police Department
  • Merged into the Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police
  • Merged into the New York City Police Department:
  • Merged into the New York City Sheriff's Office
    • Bronx County Sheriff’s Office
    • Kings County Sheriff's Office
    • New York County Sheriff’s Office
    • Queens County Sheriff’s Office
    • Richmond County Sheriff’s Office
  • Succeeded by the New York City Department of Environmental Protection Police
    • New York City Bureau of Water Supply Police

See also

References

  1. ^ https://www.usmarshals.gov/district/ny-e/index.html
  2. ^ "Investigations Division - New York State Attorney General". ag.ny.gov.
  3. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 1, §1.30, ss 34(d)
  4. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 1, §1.30, ss 34(o)
  5. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 1, §1.30, ss 34(i)
  6. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 2 and ss 5
  7. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27
  8. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27
  9. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27
  10. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 59
  11. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27
  12. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 24
  13. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 79
  14. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 25
  15. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27
  16. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27
  17. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 40
  18. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 82
  19. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 82
  20. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 38
  21. ^ New York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 82
  22. ^ McKinley, Jesse. "F.Y.I.", The New York Times, November 27, 1994. Accessed January 21, 2008. "Established in 1626, the Sheriff's office in Manhattan and its equivalents in the other boroughs served as a major part of the patchwork of law-enforcement agencies that existed before the city's consolidation in 1898. After that, the new New York City Police Department took over the responsibility for criminal investigations and arrests. As recently as 1942, the Sheriff was also responsible for manning and administering the city's jails, a duty now carried by the Department of Correction. Today, the sheriff's primary duties are enforcing court-ordered judgments and fines, including unpaid parking tickets and littering fines, and collecting judgments from reluctant losers in private lawsuits, said John George, the Sheriff's executive assistant. "
  23. ^ "NYC Marshals Handbook". Website of the City of New York Department of Investigation. City of New York. Archived from the original on 26 April 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
  24. ^ https://www.timessquarenyc.org/about-the-alliance/public-safety-sanitation/public-safety-department
  25. ^ https://www.flatirondistrict.nyc/bid-programs/public-safety
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