Leader of the House of Commons
Leader of the House of Commons | |
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Incumbent Jacob Rees-Mogg since 24 July 2019 | |
Cabinet Office Office of the Leader of the House of Commons | |
Style | The Right Honourable |
Formation | 4 April 1721 |
First holder | Sir Robert Walpole |
Website | www.gov.uk |
Political offices in the UK government |
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|
List of political offices |
The leader of the House of Commons is generally a member or attendee of the cabinet of the United Kingdom.
The House of Commons devotes approximately three-quarters of its time to debating and explaining government business, such as bills introduced by the government and ministerial statements.[citation needed] The leader of the House of Commons, with the parties' chief whips ("the usual channels"), is responsible for organising government business and providing time for non-government (backbench) business to be put before the House of Commons.[1]
Responsibilities[]
The following are some of the current responsibilities of the leader of the House of Commons:
- The Government’s Legislative Programme, chairing the Cabinet Committee.
- Managing and announcing the business of the House of Commons weekly and facilitating motions and debate in the Chamber, particularly on House business.
- Government’s representative in the House (sitting on the House of Commons Commission, Public Accounts Commission, and the Speaker’s Committees on the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority).
- House of Commons representative in Government.
- Parliamentary reform and policy.
- Ministerial responsibility for the Privy Council Office.
The Osmotherly Rules, which set out guidance on how civil servants should respond to parliamentary select committees, are co-updated by the Office of the Leader of the House of Commons and the Cabinet Office.[2]
History[]
The title was not established until about the middle of the nineteenth-century, although the institution is much older.[3]
Until 1942, the title was usually held by the prime minister if he sat in the House of Commons, however, in more recent years, the title has been held by a separate politician.[3]
The title holder is not formally appointed by the Crown[clarification needed] and the title alone does not attract a salary,[3] so is now usually held in addition to a sinecure, currently Lord President of the Council.
Deputy Leader of the House of Commons[]
From 1922, when the prime minister was also leader of the House of Commons, day-to-day duties were frequently carried out by a Deputy Leader of the House of Commons.[3] At other times, a deputy leader of the House of Commons was appointed merely to enhance an individual politician's standing within the government.[citation needed]
The title has been in use since 1942, but not since 2019 at the dissolution of the Second May ministry.[4]
- Mark Spencer
- Chris Heaton-Harris
- Michael Ellis
- Thérèse Coffey
- Tom Brake
- David Heath
- Barbara Keeley
- Chris Bryant
- Helen Goodman
- Paddy Tipping
- Nigel Griffiths
- Phil Woolas
- Ben Bradshaw
- Stephen Twigg
- Paddy Tipping (1998)
List of Leaders of the House of Commons (1721–present)[]
Portrait | Name Constituency |
Term of office | Other ministerial offices held as leader | Party | Ministry | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Robert Walpole MP for King's Lynn |
4 April 1721 |
6 February 1742 |
|
Whig | Walpole–Townshend | |||
Walpole | ||||||||
Samuel Sandys MP for Worcester |
12 February 1742 |
27 August 1743 |
|
Whig | Carteret | |||
Henry Pelham MP for Sussex |
27 August 1743 |
6 March 1754 |
|
Whig | ||||
Broad Bottom (I & II) | ||||||||
Thomas Robinson MP for Christchurch |
23 March 1754 |
October 1755 |
Whig | Newcastle I | ||||
Henry Fox MP for Windsor |
14 November 1755 |
13 November 1756 |
Whig | |||||
William Pitt 'the Elder' MP for Okehampton |
4 December 1756 |
6 April 1757 |
Whig | Pitt–Devonshire | ||||
Vacant | April 1757 |
June 1757 |
1757 Caretaker | |||||
William Pitt 'the Elder' MP for Bath |
27 June 1757 |
6 October 1761 |
Whig | Pitt–Newcastle | ||||
George Grenville MP for Buckingham |
October 1761 |
May 1762 |
|
Whig (Grenvillite) | ||||
Henry Fox MP for Dunwich |
May 1762 |
April 1763 |
Whig | Bute (Tory–Whig) | ||||
George Grenville MP for Buckingham |
16 April 1763 |
13 July 1765 |
|
Whig (Grenvillite) |
Grenville | |||
Henry Seymour Conway MP for Thetford |
July 1765 |
20 October 1768 |
|
Whig (Rockinghamite) |
Rockingham I | |||
Chatham (Whig–Tory) | ||||||||
Frederick North Lord North MP for Banbury |
October 1768 |
22 March 1782 |
|
Tory | Grafton (Whig–Tory) | |||
North | ||||||||
Charles James Fox MP for Westminster |
27 March 1782 |
July 1782 |
|
Whig | Rockingham II | |||
Thomas Townshend MP for Whitchurch |
10 July 1782 |
6 March 1783 |
|
Whig | Shelburne (Whig–Tory) | |||
Charles James Fox MP for Westminster |
2 April 1783 |
19 December 1783 |
|
Whig | Fox–North | |||
Frederick North Lord North MP for Banbury |
|
Tory | ||||||
William Pitt 'the Younger' MP for Appleby until 1784 MP for Cambridge University from 1784 |
19 December 1783 |
14 March 1801 |
|
Tory (Pittite) |
Pitt I | |||
Henry Addington MP for Devizes |
17 March 1801 |
10 May 1804 |
|
Tory (Pittite) |
Addington | |||
William Pitt 'the Younger' MP for Cambridge University |
10 May 1804 |
23 January 1806† |
|
Tory (Pittite) |
Pitt II | |||
Charles James Fox MP for Westminster |
February 1806 |
13 September 1806† |
|
Whig | All the Talents | |||
Charles Grey Viscount Howick MP for Northumberland |
September 1806 |
31 March 1807 |
|
Whig | ||||
Spencer Perceval MP for Northampton |
April 1807 |
11 May 1812† |
|
Tory | Portland II | |||
Perceval | ||||||||
Robert Stewart Viscount Castlereagh MP for Down until 1821 MP for Orford from 1821 The Marquess of Londonderry from 1821 |
June 1812 |
12 August 1822† |
|
Tory | Liverpool | |||
George Canning MP for Liverpool until 1823 MP for Harwich 1823–1826 MP for Newport 1826–1827 MP for Seaford from 1827 |
16 September 1822 |
8 August 1827† |
|
Tory (Canningite) | ||||
Canning (Canningite–Whig) | ||||||||
William Huskisson MP for Liverpool |
3 September 1827 |
21 January 1828 |
Tory (Canningite) |
Goderich (Canningite–Whig) | ||||
Sir Robert Peel MP for Oxford University until 1829 MP for Westbury from 1829 |
26 January 1828 |
16 November 1830 |
|
Tory | Wellington–Peel | |||
John Spencer Viscount Althorp MP for Northamptonshire until 1832 MP for South Northamptonshire from 1832 |
22 November 1830 |
14 November 1834 |
|
Whig | Grey | |||
Melbourne I | ||||||||
Vacant | 14 November 1834 |
10 December 1834 |
Wellington Caretaker | |||||
Sir Robert Peel MP for Tamworth |
10 December 1834 |
8 April 1835 |
|
Conservative | Peel I | |||
Lord John Russell MP for Stroud |
18 April 1835 |
30 August 1841 |
|
Whig | Melbourne II | |||
Sir Robert Peel MP for Tamworth |
30 August 1841 |
29 June 1846 |
|
Conservative | Peel II | |||
Lord John Russell MP for City of London |
30 June 1846 |
21 February 1852 |
|
Whig | Russell I | |||
Benjamin Disraeli MP for Buckinghamshire |
27 February 1852 |
17 December 1852 |
|
Conservative | Who? Who? | |||
Lord John Russell MP for City of London |
28 December 1852 |
30 January 1855 |
|
Whig | Aberdeen (Peelite–Whig) | |||
Henry John Temple The Viscount Palmerston MP for Tiverton |
6 February 1855 |
19 February 1858 |
|
Whig | Palmerston I | |||
Benjamin Disraeli MP for Buckinghamshire |
26 February 1858 |
11 June 1859 |
|
Conservative | Derby–Disraeli II | |||
Henry John Temple The Viscount Palmerston MP for Tiverton |
12 June 1859 |
18 October 1865† |
|
Liberal | Palmerston II | |||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for South Lancashire |
October 1865 |
26 June 1866 |
|
Liberal | Russell II | |||
Benjamin Disraeli MP for Buckinghamshire |
6 July 1866 |
1 December 1868 |
|
Conservative | Derby–Disraeli III | |||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Greenwich |
3 December 1868 |
17 February 1874 |
|
Liberal | Gladstone I | |||
Benjamin Disraeli MP for Buckinghamshire |
20 February 1874 |
21 August 1876 |
|
Conservative | Disraeli II | |||
Stafford Northcote MP for Devonshire North |
21 August 1876 |
21 April 1880 |
|
Conservative | ||||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Midlothian |
23 April 1880 |
9 June 1885 |
|
Liberal | Gladstone II | |||
Michael Hicks-Beach MP for Bristol West |
24 June 1885 |
28 January 1886 |
|
Conservative | Salisbury I | |||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Midlothian |
1 February 1886 |
2 July 1886 |
|
Liberal | Gladstone III | |||
Lord Randolph Churchill MP for Paddington South |
3 August 1886 |
14 January 1887 |
|
Conservative | Salisbury II | |||
W. H. Smith MP for Strand |
17 January 1887 |
October 1891 |
|
Conservative | ||||
Arthur Balfour MP for Manchester East |
October 1891 |
11 August 1892 |
|
Conservative | ||||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Midlothian |
15 August 1892 |
2 March 1894 |
|
Liberal | Gladstone IV | |||
Sir William Harcourt MP for Derby |
2 March 1894 |
21 June 1895 |
|
Liberal | Rosebery | |||
Arthur Balfour MP for Manchester East |
29 June 1895 |
4 December 1905 |
|
Conservative | Salisbury (III & IV) (Con.–Lib.U.) |
[5] | ||
Balfour (Con.–Lib.U.) | ||||||||
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman MP for Stirling Burghs |
5 December 1905 |
5 April 1908 |
|
Liberal | Campbell-Bannerman | [5] | ||
H. H. Asquith MP for East Fife |
5 April 1908 |
5 December 1916 |
|
Liberal | Asquith (I–III) |
[5] | ||
Asquith Coalition (Lib.–Con.–Lab.) | ||||||||
Bonar Law MP for Bootle until 1918 MP for Glasgow Central from 1918 |
10 December 1916 |
23 March 1921 |
|
Conservative | Lloyd George (I & II) (Lib.–Con.–Lab.) |
[5] | ||
Austen Chamberlain MP for Birmingham West |
23 March 1921 |
19 October 1922 |
Conservative | [5] | ||||
Bonar Law MP for Glasgow Central |
23 October 1922 |
20 May 1923 |
|
Conservative | Law | [5] | ||
Stanley Baldwin MP for Bewdley |
22 May 1923 |
22 January 1924 |
|
Conservative | Baldwin I | [5] | ||
Ramsay MacDonald MP for Aberavon |
22 January 1924 |
3 November 1924 |
|
Labour | MacDonald I | [5] | ||
Stanley Baldwin MP for Bewdley |
4 November 1924 |
4 June 1929 |
|
Conservative | Baldwin II | [5] | ||
Ramsay MacDonald MP for Seaham |
5 June 1929 |
7 June 1935 |
|
Labour | MacDonald II | [5] | ||
National Labour | National I (N.Lab.–Con.–Lib.N. –Lib.) | |||||||
National II (N.Lab.–Con.–Lib.N. –Lib. until 1932) | ||||||||
Stanley Baldwin MP for Bewdley |
7 June 1935 |
28 May 1937 |
|
Conservative | National III (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.) |
[5] | ||
Neville Chamberlain MP for Birmingham Edgbaston |
28 May 1937 |
10 May 1940 |
|
Conservative | National IV (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.) |
[5] | ||
Chamberlain War (Con.–N.Lab.–Lib.N.) | ||||||||
Winston Churchill MP for Epping |
10 May 1940 |
19 February 1942 |
|
Conservative | Churchill War (All parties) |
[5] | ||
Sir Stafford Cripps MP for Bristol East |
19 February 1942 |
22 November 1942 |
Independent | [5] | ||||
Anthony Eden MP for Warwick and Leamington |
22 November 1942 |
23 May 1945 |
|
Conservative | [5] | |||
Anthony Eden MP for Warwick and Leamington |
23 May 1945 |
26 July 1945 |
|
Conservative | Churchill Caretaker (Con.–N.Lib.) |
[5] | ||
Herbert Morrison MP for Lewisham East until 1950 MP for Lewisham South from 1950 |
27 July 1945 |
9 March 1951 |
Labour | Attlee (I & II) |
[5] | |||
James Chuter Ede MP for South Shields |
9 March 1951 |
26 October 1951 |
|
Labour | [5] | |||
Harry Crookshank MP for Gainsborough |
28 October 1951 |
20 December 1955 |
|
Conservative | Churchill III | [5] | ||
Eden | ||||||||
R. A. Butler MP for Saffron Walden |
20 December 1955 |
9 October 1961 |
|
Conservative | [5] | |||
Macmillan (I & II) | ||||||||
Iain Macleod MP for Enfield West |
9 October 1961 |
20 October 1963 |
|
Conservative | [5] | |||
Selwyn Lloyd MP for Wirral |
20 October 1963 |
16 October 1964 |
Conservative | Douglas-Home | [5] | |||
Herbert Bowden MP for Leicester South West |
16 October 1964 |
11 August 1966 |
Labour | Wilson (I & II) |
[5] | |||
Richard Crossman MP for Coventry East |
11 August 1966 |
18 October 1968 |
Labour | [5] | ||||
Fred Peart MP for Workington |
18 October 1968 |
19 June 1970 |
Labour | [5] | ||||
Willie Whitelaw MP for Penrith and The Border |
20 June 1970 |
7 April 1972 |
Conservative | Heath | [5] | |||
Robert Carr MP for Mitcham |
7 April 1972 |
5 November 1972 |
Conservative | [5] | ||||
Jim Prior MP for Lowestoft |
5 November 1972 |
4 March 1974 |
Conservative | [5] | ||||
Edward Short MP for Newcastle upon Tyne Central |
5 March 1974 |
8 April 1976 |
Labour | Wilson (III & IV) |
[5] | |||
Michael Foot MP for Ebbw Vale |
8 April 1976 |
4 May 1979 |
Labour | Callaghan | [5] | |||
Norman St John-Stevas MP for Chelmsford |
5 May 1979 |
5 January 1981 |
|
Conservative | Thatcher I | [5] | ||
Francis Pym MP for Cambridgeshire |
5 January 1981 |
5 April 1982 |
|
Conservative | [5] | |||
John Biffen MP for Oswestry until 1983 MP for Shropshire North from 1983 |
5 April 1982 |
13 June 1987 |
|
Conservative | [5] | |||
Thatcher II | ||||||||
John Wakeham MP for South Colchester and Maldon |
13 June 1987 |
24 July 1989 |
|
Conservative | Thatcher III | [5] | ||
Sir Geoffrey Howe MP for East Surrey |
24 July 1989 |
2 November 1990 |
Conservative | [5] | ||||
John MacGregor MP for South Norfolk |
2 November 1990 |
10 April 1992 |
Conservative | [5] | ||||
Major I | ||||||||
Tony Newton MP for Braintree |
10 April 1992 |
2 May 1997 |
Conservative | Major II | [6] | |||
Ann Taylor MP for Dewsbury |
2 May 1997 |
27 July 1998 |
Labour | Blair I | [7] | |||
Margaret Beckett MP for Derby South |
27 July 1998 |
8 June 2001 |
Labour | [8] | ||||
Robin Cook MP for Livingston |
8 June 2001 |
17 March 2003 |
Labour | Blair II | [9] | |||
John Reid MP for Hamilton North and Bellshill |
4 April 2003 |
13 June 2003 |
Labour | [10] | ||||
Peter Hain MP for Neath |
11 June 2003 |
6 May 2005 |
Labour | [11] | ||||
Geoff Hoon MP for Ashfield |
6 May 2005 |
5 May 2006 |
Labour | Blair III | [12] | |||
Jack Straw MP for Blackburn |
5 May 2006 |
27 June 2007 |
Labour | [13] | ||||
Harriet Harman MP for Camberwell and Peckham |
28 June 2007 |
11 May 2010 |
|
Labour | Brown | [14] | ||
Sir George Young MP for North West Hampshire |
12 May 2010 |
3 September 2012 |
Conservative | Cameron–Clegg (Con.–L.D.) |
[15] | |||
Andrew Lansley MP for South Cambridgeshire |
4 September 2012 |
14 July 2014 |
Conservative | [16] | ||||
William Hague MP for Richmond (Yorks) |
14 July 2014 |
8 May 2015 |
Conservative | [17] | ||||
Chris Grayling MP for Epsom and Ewell |
9 May 2015 |
14 July 2016 |
Conservative | Cameron II | [18] | |||
David Lidington MP for Aylesbury |
14 July 2016 |
11 June 2017 |
Conservative | May I | [19] | |||
Andrea Leadsom MP for South Northamptonshire |
11 June 2017 |
22 May 2019 |
Conservative | May II | [20] | |||
Mel Stride MP for Central Devon |
23 May 2019 |
24 July 2019 |
Conservative | [21] | ||||
Jacob Rees-Mogg MP for North East Somerset |
24 July 2019 |
Incumbent |
Conservative | Johnson (I–II) |
[22] |
See also[]
- Leader of the House of Lords
- Speaker of the House of Commons
- Minister for Parliamentary Business, the equivalent cabinet post in the Scottish Government
References[]
- ^ "Leader of the House of Commons – GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
- ^ Gay, Oonagh (4 August 2005). "The Osmotherly Rules (Standard Note: SN/PC/2671)" (PDF). Parliament and Constitution Centre, House of Commons Library. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 May 2009. Retrieved 22 May 2009.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Leader of the House of Commons". www.parliament.uk. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Parliamentary Secretary of State (Deputy Leader of the House of Commons) – GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj David Butler and Gareth Butler, British Political Facts 1900–1994 (7th edn, Macmillan 1994) 65.
- ^ "Lord Newton of Braintree". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Baroness Taylor of Bolton". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon Margaret Beckett MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon Robin Cook". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Lord Reid of Cardowan". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Lord Hain". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Mr Geoffrey Hoon". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon Jack Straw". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon Harriet Harman QC MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Lord Young of Cookham". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Lord Lansley". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Lord Hague of Richmond". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon Chris Grayling MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon David Lidington MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon Andrea Leadsom MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ^ "Rt Hon Mel Stride MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
- ^ "Rt Hon Jacob Rees-Mogg MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
External links[]
- Lists of government ministers of the United Kingdom
- Government of the United Kingdom
- Ministerial offices in the United Kingdom
- 1721 establishments in Great Britain