Leader of the House of Commons

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Leader
of the House of Commons
House of Commons of the United Kingdom logo 2018.svg
Jacob Rees-Mogg MP.jpg
Incumbent
Jacob Rees-Mogg

since 24 July 2019
Cabinet Office
Office of the Leader of the House of Commons
StyleThe Right Honourable
Formation4 April 1721
First holderSir Robert Walpole
Websitewww.gov.uk

The leader of the House of Commons is generally a member or attendee of the cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The House of Commons devotes approximately three-quarters of its time to debating and explaining government business, such as bills introduced by the government and ministerial statements.[citation needed] The leader of the House of Commons, with the parties' chief whips ("the usual channels"), is responsible for organising government business and providing time for non-government (backbench) business to be put before the House of Commons.[1]

Responsibilities[]

The following are some of the current responsibilities of the leader of the House of Commons:

  • The Government’s Legislative Programme, chairing the Cabinet Committee.
  • Managing and announcing the business of the House of Commons weekly and facilitating motions and debate in the Chamber, particularly on House business.
  • Government’s representative in the House (sitting on the House of Commons Commission, Public Accounts Commission, and the Speaker’s Committees on the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority).
  • House of Commons representative in Government.
  • Parliamentary reform and policy.
  • Ministerial responsibility for the Privy Council Office.

The Osmotherly Rules, which set out guidance on how civil servants should respond to parliamentary select committees, are co-updated by the Office of the Leader of the House of Commons and the Cabinet Office.[2]

History[]

The title was not established until about the middle of the nineteenth-century, although the institution is much older.[3]

Until 1942, the title was usually held by the prime minister if he sat in the House of Commons, however, in more recent years, the title has been held by a separate politician.[3]

The title holder is not formally appointed by the Crown[clarification needed] and the title alone does not attract a salary,[3] so is now usually held in addition to a sinecure, currently Lord President of the Council.

Deputy Leader of the House of Commons[]

From 1922, when the prime minister was also leader of the House of Commons, day-to-day duties were frequently carried out by a Deputy Leader of the House of Commons.[3] At other times, a deputy leader of the House of Commons was appointed merely to enhance an individual politician's standing within the government.[citation needed]

The title has been in use since 1942, but not since 2019 at the dissolution of the Second May ministry.[4]

List of Leaders of the House of Commons (1721–present)[]

Portrait Name
Constituency
Term of office Other ministerial offices held as leader Party Ministry Ref.
Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford by Arthur Pond.jpg Robert Walpole
MP for King's Lynn
4 April
1721
6 February
1742
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Whig Walpole–Townshend
Walpole
1stLordSandys.jpg Samuel Sandys
MP for Worcester
12 February
1742
27 August
1743
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Whig Carteret
Henry Pelham, Parliamentary Art Collection crop.jpg Henry Pelham
MP for Sussex
27 August
1743
6 March
1754
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Whig
Broad Bottom
(I & II)
Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham.jpg Thomas Robinson
MP for Christchurch
23 March
1754
October
1755
Whig Newcastle I
Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland by John Giles Eccardt.jpg Henry Fox
MP for Windsor
14 November
1755
13 November
1756
Whig
William Pitt the Elder by William Hoare crop.jpg William Pitt 'the Elder'
MP for Okehampton
4 December
1756
6 April
1757
Whig Pitt–Devonshire
Vacant April
1757
June
1757
1757 Caretaker
William Pitt the Elder by William Hoare crop.jpg William Pitt 'the Elder'
MP for Bath
27 June
1757
6 October
1761
Whig Pitt–Newcastle
George Grenville (1712–1770) by William Hoare (1707-1792) Cropped.jpg George Grenville
MP for Buckingham
October
1761
May
1762
  • Treasurer of the Navy
Whig
(Grenvillite)
Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland by John Giles Eccardt.jpg Henry Fox
MP for Dunwich
May
1762
April
1763
Whig Bute
(ToryWhig)
George Grenville (1712–1770) by William Hoare (1707-1792) Cropped.jpg George Grenville
MP for Buckingham
16 April
1763
13 July
1765
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Whig
(Grenvillite)
Grenville
Henryseymour.jpg Henry Seymour Conway
MP for Thetford
July
1765
20 October
1768
Whig
(Rockinghamite)
Rockingham I
Chatham
(WhigTory)
Nathaniel Dance Lord North.jpg Frederick North
Lord North

MP for Banbury
October
1768
22 March
1782
  • Prime Minister from 28 January 1770
  • First Lord of the Treasury from 28 January 1770
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Tory Grafton
(WhigTory)
North
Charles James Fox00.jpg Charles James Fox
MP for Westminster
27 March
1782
July
1782
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Whig Rockingham II
Viscount Sydney by Gilbert Stuart.jpg Thomas Townshend
MP for Whitchurch
10 July
1782
6 March
1783
  • Secretary of State for the Home Department
Whig Shelburne
(WhigTory)
Charles James Fox00.jpg Charles James Fox
MP for Westminster
2 April
1783
19 December
1783
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Whig Fox–North
Nathaniel Dance Lord North.jpg Frederick North
Lord North

MP for Banbury
  • Secretary of State for the Home Department
Tory
William Pitt the Younger 2 cropped.jpg William Pitt 'the Younger'
MP for Appleby until 1784
MP for Cambridge University from 1784
19 December
1783
14 March
1801
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Tory
(Pittite)
Pitt I
Henry Addington by Beechey.jpg Henry Addington
MP for Devizes
17 March
1801
10 May
1804
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Tory
(Pittite)
Addington
William Pitt the Younger 2 cropped.jpg William Pitt 'the Younger'
MP for Cambridge University
10 May
1804
23 January
1806†
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Tory
(Pittite)
Pitt II
Charles James Fox00.jpg Charles James Fox
MP for Westminster
February
1806
13 September
1806†
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Whig All the Talents
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey by Sir Thomas Lawrence.jpg Charles Grey
Viscount Howick

MP for Northumberland
September
1806
31 March
1807
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Whig
Spencerperceval.jpg Spencer Perceval
MP for Northampton
April
1807
11 May
1812
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
  • Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
  • Prime Minister from October 1809
  • First Lord of the Treasury from October 1809
Tory Portland II
Perceval
Lord Castlereagh Marquess of Londonderry.jpg Robert Stewart
Viscount Castlereagh

MP for Down until 1821
MP for Orford from 1821
The Marquess of Londonderry from 1821
June
1812
12 August
1822†
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Tory Liverpool
George Canning by Richard Evans - detail.jpg George Canning
MP for Liverpool until 1823
MP for Harwich 1823–1826
MP for Newport 1826–1827
MP for Seaford from 1827
16 September
1822
8 August
1827†
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs until April 1827
  • Prime Minister from April 1827
  • First Lord of the Treasury from April 1827
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer from April 1827
Tory
(Canningite)
Canning
(CanningiteWhig)
William Huskisson by Richard Rothwell.jpg William Huskisson
MP for Liverpool
3 September
1827
21 January
1828
Tory
(Canningite)
Goderich
(CanningiteWhig)
Robert Peel by RR Scanlan detail.jpg Sir Robert Peel
MP for Oxford University until 1829
MP for Westbury from 1829
26 January
1828
16 November
1830
  • Secretary of State for the Home Department
Tory Wellington–Peel
JC Spencer, Viscount Althorp by HP Bone cropped.jpg John Spencer
Viscount Althorp

MP for Northamptonshire until 1832
MP for South Northamptonshire from 1832
22 November
1830
14 November
1834
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Whig Grey
Melbourne I
Vacant 14 November
1834
10 December
1834
Wellington Caretaker
Robert Peel by RR Scanlan detail.jpg Sir Robert Peel
MP for Tamworth
10 December
1834
8 April
1835
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Conservative Peel I
Lord john russell.jpg Lord John Russell
MP for Stroud
18 April
1835
30 August
1841
Whig Melbourne II
Robert Peel by RR Scanlan detail.jpg Sir Robert Peel
MP for Tamworth
30 August
1841
29 June
1846
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative Peel II
Lord john russell.jpg Lord John Russell
MP for City of London
30 June
1846
21 February
1852
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Whig Russell I
Disraeli.jpg Benjamin Disraeli
MP for Buckinghamshire
27 February
1852
17 December
1852
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Conservative Who? Who?
Lord john russell.jpg Lord John Russell
MP for City of London
28 December
1852
30 January
1855
Whig Aberdeen
(PeeliteWhig)
Palmerston.jpg Henry John Temple
The Viscount Palmerston

MP for Tiverton
6 February
1855
19 February
1858
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Whig Palmerston I
Disraeli.jpg Benjamin Disraeli
MP for Buckinghamshire
26 February
1858
11 June
1859
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Conservative Derby–Disraeli II
Palmerston.jpg Henry John Temple
The Viscount Palmerston

MP for Tiverton
12 June
1859
18 October
1865†
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Liberal Palmerston II
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
MP for South Lancashire
October
1865
26 June
1866
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Liberal Russell II
Disraeli.jpg Benjamin Disraeli
MP for Buckinghamshire
6 July
1866
1 December
1868
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer until February 1868
  • Prime Minister from February 1868
  • First Lord of the Treasury from February 1868
Conservative Derby–Disraeli III
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
MP for Greenwich
3 December
1868
17 February
1874
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer from August 1873
Liberal Gladstone I
Disraeli.jpg Benjamin Disraeli
MP for Buckinghamshire
20 February
1874
21 August
1876
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative Disraeli II
Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh.jpg Stafford Northcote
MP for Devonshire North
21 August
1876
21 April
1880
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Conservative
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
MP for Midlothian
23 April
1880
9 June
1885
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer until December 1882
Liberal Gladstone II
St Aldwyn Michael Edward Hicks-Beach (1st Earl).jpg Michael Hicks-Beach
MP for Bristol West
24 June
1885
28 January
1886
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Conservative Salisbury I
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
MP for Midlothian
1 February
1886
2 July
1886
Liberal Gladstone III
Randolph churchill.jpg Lord Randolph Churchill
MP for Paddington South
3 August
1886
14 January
1887
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Conservative Salisbury II
William Henry Smith (1825–1891).jpg W. H. Smith
MP for Strand
17 January
1887
October
1891
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative
Arthur-James-Balfour-1st-Earl-of-Balfour.jpg Arthur Balfour
MP for Manchester East
October
1891
11 August
1892
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative
Gladstone.jpg William Ewart Gladstone
MP for Midlothian
15 August
1892
2 March
1894
Liberal Gladstone IV
Sir William Harcourt.jpg Sir William Harcourt
MP for Derby
2 March
1894
21 June
1895
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer
Liberal Rosebery
Arthur-James-Balfour-1st-Earl-of-Balfour.jpg Arthur Balfour
MP for Manchester East
29 June
1895
4 December
1905
  • Prime Minister from July 1902
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Lord Privy Seal July 1902– October 1903
Conservative Salisbury
(III & IV)

(Con.Lib.U.)
[5]
Balfour
(Con.Lib.U.)
Sir-Henry-Campbell-Bannerman.jpg Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
MP for Stirling Burghs
5 December
1905
5 April
1908
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Liberal Campbell-Bannerman [5]
H H Asquith 1908.jpg H. H. Asquith
MP for East Fife
5 April
1908
5 December
1916
Liberal Asquith
(I–III)
[5]
Asquith Coalition
(Lib.Con.Lab.)
Andrew Bonar Law 02.jpg Bonar Law
MP for Bootle until 1918
MP for Glasgow Central from 1918
10 December
1916
23 March
1921
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer until January 1919
  • Lord Privy Seal from January 1919
Conservative Lloyd George
(I & II)

(Lib.Con.Lab.)
[5]
Austen Chamberlain nobel.jpg Austen Chamberlain
MP for Birmingham West
23 March
1921
19 October
1922
Conservative [5]
Andrew Bonar Law 02.jpg Bonar Law
MP for Glasgow Central
23 October
1922
20 May
1923
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative Law [5]
Stanley Baldwin ggbain.35233.jpg Stanley Baldwin
MP for Bewdley
22 May
1923
22 January
1924
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer until August 1923
Conservative Baldwin I [5]
Ramsay MacDonald ggbain.29588.jpg Ramsay MacDonald
MP for Aberavon
22 January
1924
3 November
1924
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Labour MacDonald I [5]
Stanley Baldwin ggbain.35233.jpg Stanley Baldwin
MP for Bewdley
4 November
1924
4 June
1929
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative Baldwin II [5]
Ramsay MacDonald ggbain.29588.jpg Ramsay MacDonald
MP for Seaham
5 June
1929
7 June
1935
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Labour MacDonald II [5]
National Labour National I
(N.Lab.Con.Lib.N.
Lib.
)
National II
(N.Lab.Con.Lib.N.
Lib. until 1932
)
Stanley Baldwin ggbain.35233.jpg Stanley Baldwin
MP for Bewdley
7 June
1935
28 May
1937
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative National III
(Con.N.Lab.Lib.N.)
[5]
Neville-Chamberlain.jpg Neville Chamberlain
MP for Birmingham Edgbaston
28 May
1937
10 May
1940
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative National IV
(Con.N.Lab.Lib.N.)
[5]
Chamberlain War
(Con.N.Lab.Lib.N.)
Churchill portrait NYP 45063.jpg Winston Churchill
MP for Epping
10 May
1940
19 February
1942
  • Prime Minister
  • First Lord of the Treasury
  • Minister of Defence
Conservative Churchill War
(All parties)
[5]
Stafford Cripps 1947.jpg Sir Stafford Cripps
MP for Bristol East
19 February
1942
22 November
1942
Independent [5]
Anthony Eden (retouched).jpg Anthony Eden
MP for Warwick and Leamington
22 November
1942
23 May
1945
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Conservative [5]
Anthony Eden (retouched).jpg Anthony Eden
MP for Warwick and Leamington
23 May
1945
26 July
1945
  • Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Conservative Churchill Caretaker
(Con.N.Lib.)
[5]
Herbert Morrison 1947.jpg Herbert Morrison
MP for Lewisham East until 1950
MP for Lewisham South from 1950
27 July
1945
9 March
1951
Labour Attlee
(I & II)
[5]
James Chuter Ede (minister van Binnenlandse Zaken (Home Secretary)), Bestanddeelnr 900-7223.jpg James Chuter Ede
MP for South Shields
9 March
1951
26 October
1951
  • Secretary of State for the Home Department
Labour [5]
Crookshank1932.png Harry Crookshank
MP for Gainsborough
28 October
1951
20 December
1955
Conservative Churchill III [5]
Eden
Rab Butler.png R. A. Butler
MP for Saffron Walden
20 December
1955
9 October
1961
  • Lord Privy Seal until October 1959
  • Secretary of State for the Home Department from January 1957
Conservative [5]
Macmillan
(I & II)
Iain Macleod crop.jpg Iain Macleod
MP for Enfield West
9 October
1961
20 October
1963
  • Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Conservative [5]
Selwyn Lloyd cropped.jpg Selwyn Lloyd
MP for Wirral
20 October
1963
16 October
1964
Conservative Douglas-Home [5]
Herbert Bowden
MP for Leicester South West
16 October
1964
11 August
1966
Labour Wilson
(I & II)
[5]
Crossland MP.jpg Richard Crossman
MP for Coventry East
11 August
1966
18 October
1968
Labour [5]
Fred Peart
MP for Workington
18 October
1968
19 June
1970
Labour [5]
Willie Whitelaw
MP for Penrith and The Border
20 June
1970
7 April
1972
Conservative Heath [5]
Robert Carr
MP for Mitcham
7 April
1972
5 November
1972
Conservative [5]
Jim Prior
MP for Lowestoft
5 November
1972
4 March
1974
Conservative [5]
No image.svg Edward Short
MP for Newcastle upon Tyne Central
5 March
1974
8 April
1976
Labour Wilson
(III & IV)
[5]
Michael Foot (1981).jpg Michael Foot
MP for Ebbw Vale
8 April
1976
4 May
1979
Labour Callaghan [5]
Norman St John-Stevas
MP for Chelmsford
5 May
1979
5 January
1981
  • Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
  • Minister for the Arts
Conservative Thatcher I [5]
Francis Leslie Pym.jpg Francis Pym
MP for Cambridgeshire
5 January
1981
5 April
1982
Conservative [5]
John Biffen
MP for Oswestry until 1983
MP for Shropshire North from 1983
5 April
1982
13 June
1987
Conservative [5]
Thatcher II
Official portrait of Lord Wakeham crop 2.jpg John Wakeham
MP for South Colchester and Maldon
13 June
1987
24 July
1989
Conservative Thatcher III [5]
Geoffrey Howe.jpg Sir Geoffrey Howe
MP for East Surrey
24 July
1989
2 November
1990
Conservative [5]
Official portrait of Lord MacGregor of Pulham Market crop 2.jpg John MacGregor
MP for South Norfolk
2 November
1990
10 April
1992
Conservative [5]
Major I
Tony Newton 1995.png Tony Newton
MP for Braintree
10 April
1992
2 May
1997
Conservative Major II [6]
Official portrait of Baroness Taylor of Bolton crop 2, 2019.jpg Ann Taylor
MP for Dewsbury
2 May
1997
27 July
1998
Labour Blair I [7]
Official portrait of Rt Hon Margaret Beckett MP crop 2.jpg Margaret Beckett
MP for Derby South
27 July
1998
8 June
2001
Labour [8]
Robin Cook-close crop.jpg Robin Cook
MP for Livingston
8 June
2001
17 March
2003
Labour Blair II [9]
Official portrait of Lord Reid of Cardowan, 2020.jpg John Reid
MP for Hamilton North and Bellshill
4 April
2003
13 June
2003
Labour [10]
Official portrait of Lord Hain crop 2, 2019.jpg Peter Hain
MP for Neath
11 June
2003
6 May
2005
Labour [11]
Geoff Hoon Headshot.jpg Geoff Hoon
MP for Ashfield
6 May
2005
5 May
2006
Labour Blair III [12]
Jack Straw 2.jpg Jack Straw
MP for Blackburn
5 May
2006
27 June
2007
Labour [13]
Official portrait of Rt Hon Harriet Harman QC MP crop 2.jpg Harriet Harman
MP for Camberwell and Peckham
28 June
2007
11 May
2010
Labour Brown [14]
Official portrait of Lord Young of Cookham, 2020.jpg Sir George Young
MP for North West Hampshire
12 May
2010
3 September
2012
Conservative Cameron–Clegg
(Con.L.D.)
[15]
Official portrait of Lord Lansley crop 2.jpg Andrew Lansley
MP for South Cambridgeshire
4 September
2012
14 July
2014
Conservative [16]
William Hague Foreign Secretary (2010).jpg William Hague
MP for Richmond (Yorks)
14 July
2014
8 May
2015
Conservative [17]
Official portrait of Rt Hon Chris Grayling MP crop 2.jpg Chris Grayling
MP for Epsom and Ewell
9 May
2015
14 July
2016
Conservative Cameron II [18]
Official portrait of Mr David Lidington crop 2.jpg David Lidington
MP for Aylesbury
14 July
2016
11 June
2017
Conservative May I [19]
Official portrait of Rt Hon Andrea Leadsom MP crop 2.jpg Andrea Leadsom
MP for South Northamptonshire
11 June
2017
22 May
2019
Conservative May II [20]
Official portrait of Rt Hon Mel Stride MP crop 2.jpg Mel Stride
MP for Central Devon
23 May
2019
24 July
2019
Conservative [21]
Jacob Rees-Mogg
MP for North East Somerset
24 July
2019
Incumbent
Conservative Johnson
(III)
[22]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Leader of the House of Commons – GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  2. ^ Gay, Oonagh (4 August 2005). "The Osmotherly Rules (Standard Note: SN/PC/2671)" (PDF). Parliament and Constitution Centre, House of Commons Library. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 May 2009. Retrieved 22 May 2009.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Leader of the House of Commons". www.parliament.uk. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
  4. ^ "Parliamentary Secretary of State (Deputy Leader of the House of Commons) – GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj David Butler and Gareth Butler, British Political Facts 1900–1994 (7th edn, Macmillan 1994) 65.
  6. ^ "Lord Newton of Braintree". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  7. ^ "Baroness Taylor of Bolton". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  8. ^ "Rt Hon Margaret Beckett MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  9. ^ "Rt Hon Robin Cook". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  10. ^ "Lord Reid of Cardowan". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  11. ^ "Lord Hain". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  12. ^ "Mr Geoffrey Hoon". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  13. ^ "Rt Hon Jack Straw". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  14. ^ "Rt Hon Harriet Harman QC MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  15. ^ "Lord Young of Cookham". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  16. ^ "Lord Lansley". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  17. ^ "Lord Hague of Richmond". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  18. ^ "Rt Hon Chris Grayling MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  19. ^ "Rt Hon David Lidington MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  20. ^ "Rt Hon Andrea Leadsom MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  21. ^ "Rt Hon Mel Stride MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  22. ^ "Rt Hon Jacob Rees-Mogg MP". UK Parliament. Retrieved 29 July 2019.

External links[]

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