Libel (film)

Libel
1959 Theatrical Poster
Directed by	Anthony Asquith
Written by	Anatole de Grunwald Karl Tunberg
Based on	Libel! 1934 play by Edward Wooll
Produced by	Anatole de Grunwald
Starring	Dirk Bogarde Olivia de Havilland Paul Massie Robert Morley Wilfrid Hyde-White
Cinematography	Robert Krasker
Edited by	Frank Clarke
Music by	Benjamin Frankel
Distributed by	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date	23 October 1959 (1959-10-23)
Running time	100 minutes
Country	United Kingdom
Language	English
Budget	$615,000[1]
Box office	$1,170,000[1]

Libel is a 1959 British drama film^[2][3] starring Olivia de Havilland, Dirk Bogarde, Paul Massie, Wilfrid Hyde-White and Robert Morley. The film's screenplay was written by Anatole de Grunwald and Karl Tunberg from a 1935 play of the same name by Edward Wooll.^[4]

The film's location shots included Longleat House, Wiltshire (fictionalised as "Ingworth House") and London.^[5]

Plot[]

While travelling in London, Jeffrey Buckenham (Paul Massie), a World War II veteran pilot from Canada, sees baronet Sir Mark Sebastian Loddon (Dirk Bogarde) on television, leading a tour of his ancestral home in England. Buckenham recalls that he was held in a POW camp in Germany with then Major Loddon, who the Germans captured during the Dunkirk evacuation of 1940. Buckenham is convinced that Loddon is Frank Wellney, a British actor (also played by Bogarde). Wellney and Loddon shared their POW hut in 1945 and bore uncanny resemblances to each other.

Buckenham confronts Loddon and, with encouragement from Loddon's scheming cousin (Captain Gerald Loddon, played by Anthony Dawson), writes to a tabloid newspaper, claiming Wellney has usurped the young baronet's seat; that Mark Loddon is a "Bogus Baronet". Loddon sues Buckenham and the newspaper for libel, even though his mind is battered by experiences during his 1945 escape, after which he spent six months in hospital, from when he has little memory.

During the libel trial, Buckenham and Loddon tell their versions of wartime imprisonment and their escape. Buckenham liked Loddon and despised Wellney. Buckenham saw striking similarities between Loddon and Wellney, culminating in Wellney telling Loddon he felt "more like one of the [Loddon] family". In spring 1945, the three prisoners escaped their POW camp and headed towards the Dutch border, seeking advancing Allied forces. Loddon wore his British Army uniform and Wellney disguised himself in civilian clothes. One dark and misty night, having gone without food for days, Buckenham left Loddon and Wellney alone to steal food from a farm. As Buckenham returned he heard shots. In the mist he witnessed one man in British Army Battle Dress lying on the ground, apparently dead, and the other, in civilian clothes, running away. Although Buckenham was unable to get closer because German soldiers appeared the implication is Wellney fleeing the scene of Loddon's murder.

During the trial it emerges that Loddon is missing part of his right index finger, just like Wellney. Although Loddon claims this happened when he was shot that night, Loddon allegedly also misses a childhood scar from his leg. Wellney's hair was prematurely grey, as is Loddon's now. Buckenham recounts how Wellney often asked Loddon about his personal life during their imprisonment; Loddon even joked that Wellney could pass for him. As evidence mounts, even Loddon's loyal wife (Olivia de Havilland) begins to doubt her husband's identity.

Hubert Foxley (Hyde-White), the defence barrister, produces a courtroom surprise. It turns out the third man in the British Army uniform seen by Buckenham did not die. Instead his face was horribly disfigured, his right arm was amputated due to injuries that night and his mind had become unhinged. He has been living in a German asylum since the war, known simply as "Number Fifteen", his bed number. Foxley produces the man in court, including the Battle Dress worn when he arrived at the German hospital, which is of a British major, the same rank as Loddon. When the disfigured man and Loddon recognise each other, in a dramatic courtroom confrontation, Loddon's memory starts to return.

In desperation, Loddon's barrister, Sir Wilfred (Robert Morley), puts Lady Margaret Loddon on the stand, but she testifies that she now believes her husband is Wellney, the impostor, implying that "Number Fifteen" is the real Sir Mark Loddon. Later, Lady Margaret confronts her husband, who in desperation walks the night trying to remember more. Finally, seeing his reflection in a canal unlocks his memories. Wellney did try to kill him while his back was turned, but he (Loddon) saw Wellney's reflection in the water and won their struggle. His memory returns of beating Wellney extensively with a farm tool before switching their clothes and fleeing. In court, Loddon remembers a keepsake hidden in his Battle Dress lining: a medallion his then fiancée gave him in 1939 before leaving for France. By finding it in Wellney's possession all the time, Loddon wins the libel case and his wife back. Buckenham and Loddon also reconcile although Buckenham and the newspaper must pay damages.

Cast[]

• Dirk Bogarde as Sir Mark Loddon/Frank Wellney/Number Fifteen
• Olivia de Havilland as Lady Margaret Loddon
• Paul Massie as Jeffrey Buckenham
• Robert Morley as Sir Wilfred
• Wilfrid Hyde White as Hubert Foxley
• Anthony Dawson as Gerald Lodden
• Richard Wattis as The Judge
• Martin Miller as Dr. Schrott
• Richard Dimbleby as Himself
• Millicent Martin as Maisie
• Robert Shaw and Geoffrey Bayldon appear in small credited roles as photographers.
• Sam Kydd as Newspaper vendor (uncredited)
• Oliver Reed as an extra in courtroom visitors' gallery (uncredited)

Box office[]

According to MGM records, the film earned $245,000 in the US and Canada and $925,000 elsewhere resulting in a profit of $10,000.^[1]

Awards and honours[]

The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Sound (A. W. Watkins).^[6]

The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

• 2008: AFI's 10 Top 10:
  • Nominated Courtroom Drama Film^[7]

Other adaptations of the play[]

The Broadway play, which had starred Colin Clive, was adapted for radio in 1941 and 1943 using the original references to the First World War. Ronald Colman played the leading role in a one-hour 13 January 1941 CBS Lux Radio Theatre broadcast, with Otto Kruger and Frances Robinson.^[8] On 15 March 1943 Colman and Kruger reprised their roles for a second Lux Radio Theatre broadcast.^[9] The role of an amnesiac World War I veteran had similarities to Colman's part in the 1942 hit Random Harvest.^[10]

A 1938 BBC television production,^[11] featured actor Wyndham Goldie, husband of eventual BBC television producer Grace Wyndham Goldie.

References[]

External links[]

• Libel at IMDb
• Libel at AllMovie
• Libel at the TCM Movie Database
• Libel at the American Film Institute Catalog