Lipscombite

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Lipscombite
Lipscombite sample.jpg
Lipscombite: Small green crystals on quartz, Harvard Museum of Natural History
General
CategoryPhosphate minerals
Formula
(repeating unit)		(Fe2+,Mn2+)(Fe3+)2(PO4)2(OH)2
IMA symbolLcb[1]
Strunz classification8.BB.90
Dana classification41.10.02.01
Crystal systemTetragonal
Crystal classTrapezohedral (422)
(same H-M symbol)
Space groupP43212
Unit cella = 5.37, c = 12.81 [Å]; Z = 4
Identification
Formula mass391.27 g/mol
ColorGreen gray, olive green, black.
Specific gravity3.68
Optical propertiesTranslucent to opaque
References[2][3]
Lipscombite: Small yellowish-green crystals, Lichtenberg Absetzer Mine dump, Ronneburg Uranium deposit, Gera, Thuringia, Germany
Lipscombite: Small black crystals on dark background. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History

Lipscombite (Fe2+,Mn2+)(Fe3+)2(PO4)2(OH)2[2][3] is a green gray, olive green, or black. phosphate-based mineral containing iron, manganese, and iron phosphate.

Lipscombite is often formed at meteorite impact sites where its crystals are microscopically small, because crystal-forming conditions of pressure and temperature are brief.

In the Classification of non-silicate minerals lipscombite is in the lipscombite group, which also includes zinclipscombite. This group is within the non-silicate, category 8, anhydrous phosphates, lazulite supergroup.

Discovery[]

The mineral lipscombite was first made artificially and then found in nature. It was named after chemist William Lipscomb by the mineralogist John W. Gruner who first made it artificially.[4][5]

While investigating the stability relations of iron oxides small, black, shiny crystals were obtained when a spherical iron pressure-temperature vessel was contaminated with phosphorus.[6] The x-ray powder diffraction pattern was similar to lazulite, but unknown.

Gruner, a mineralogist at the University of Minnesota, gave Lipscomb, a chemistry professor there, the crystals for Lewis Katz and Lipscomb to determine the atomic structure using single-crystal x-ray diffraction. They initially called the mineral iron lazulite.[7]

References[]

  1. ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
  2. ^ a b Lipscombite on Mindat
  3. ^ a b Lipscombite data on WebMineral
  4. ^ Gheith, M. A. , Lipscombite: A New Synthetic Iron Lazulite, Amer. Mineral., 38, 612-628 (1953)
  5. ^ Structures and Mechanisms: From Ashes to Enzymes (Acs Symposium Series) Gareth R. Eaton (Editor), Don C. Wiley (Editor), (Editor), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC (2002) (Autobiographical sketch by William Lipscomb, 14 pp. (Lipscombite: p. xvii). This chapter is online at pubs.acs.org. Click PDF symbols at right.
  6. ^ Gheith, Mohamed A. Stability relations of ferric oxides and their hydrates. Lipscombite: a new synthetic iron lazulite. Thesis University of Minnesota (1951)
  7. ^ Katz L., Lipscomb W. N. The crystal structure of iron lazulite, a synthetic mineral related to lazulite: Acta Crystallographica, 4, 345-348 (1951).

External links[]

Gallery of lipscombite pictures at mindat.org.


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