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List of Crystal Dynamics video games
Crystal Dynamics is an American video game developer that was founded in 1992 by Judy Lang, Madaline Canepa and Dave Morris. Based in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, Crystal Dynamics was the first licensed developer for Panasonic's original 3DO console, a gaming hardware platform founded by Kleiner Perkins.[1] Their first release, Crash 'n Burn, was a launch game for the system and was included as a pack-in game with the console.[2] The 3DO's launch during the 1993 Christmas season was a commercial failure, severely damaging Crystal Dynamics' software strategy.[1] In 1994, the company became a publisher for two new gaming platforms, the PlayStation and the Sega Saturn.[1] The studio was acquired by Eidos Interactive, a British video game publisher, in 1998. After Square Enix acquired Eidos in 2009, Crystal Dynamics became a subsidiary of Square Enix.[3]
Crystal Dynamics is best known for developing the Legacy of Kain and Gex series.[1] Although the first Legacy of Kain video game was developed by Silicon Knights,[4] Crystal Dynamics gained the rights to the franchise in 1998[5] and released four sequels between 1999 and 2003. In 2003, the studio took over the development of the best-selling Tomb Raider franchise[6] after its original developer, Core Design, failed to gain critical or commercial success with their later games.[7][8] Crystal Dynamics' first Tomb Raider game, Tomb Raider: Legend, became a commercial success with 4.5 million copies sold as of February 2009.[9] Its sequel, Tomb Raider: Underworld, sold 2.6 million copies[9] and became the first game the studio developed for the PlayStation 3. Since 2003, the studio has focused development on the Tomb Raider franchise with the help of other studios such as Buzz Monkey Software and Nixxes Software. Crystal Dynamics has developed five games in the series, encompassing two reboots of the franchise.[10]
Video games[]
As of December 2012, 36 video games have been developed by Crystal Dynamics. The following table showcases the corresponding title, release date, publisher and the platforms on which each game was released along with any other relevant information. A detailed overview of each game can be found in their corresponding articles.
Blank cell indicates title was not released on any platform(s) by the specified manufacturers | |
Cell with games console(s) indicates title was released on platform(s) by the specified manufacturers |
Title | Release details | Platform(s) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Microsoft | Nintendo | Sega | Sony | Other | ||
Crash 'n Burn[11] |
|
3DO | ||||
Total Eclipse[12] |
|
PlayStation | 3DO | |||
Off-World Interceptor[13] |
|
Saturn | PlayStation | 3DO | ||
The Horde[14] |
|
Windows | Saturn | 3DO | ||
Gex[15][a] |
|
Windows | Saturn | PlayStation | 3DO | |
Samurai Shodown[16] |
|
3DO | ||||
Solar Eclipse[17] |
|
Saturn | PlayStation | |||
Slam 'N Jam[18][b] |
|
3DO | ||||
Slam 'N Jam '96 featuring Magic and Kareem[19] |
|
Saturn | PlayStation | |||
Blazing Dragons[20] |
|
Saturn | PlayStation | |||
3D Baseball[21] |
|
Saturn | PlayStation | |||
Pandemonium[22][c] |
|
Windows | Saturn | PlayStation | ||
Pandemonium 2[23] |
|
Windows | PlayStation | |||
Gex: Enter the Gecko[24] |
|
Windows | N64 GBC |
PlayStation | ||
Akuji the Heartless[25] |
|
PlayStation | ||||
Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko[26][d] |
|
N64 GBC |
PlayStation | |||
Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver[27][e] |
|
Windows | Dreamcast | PlayStation | ||
Walt Disney World Quest: Magical Racing Tour[28][f] |
|
Windows | GBC | Dreamcast | PlayStation | |
102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue[29][g] |
|
Windows | GBC | Dreamcast | PlayStation | |
Soul Reaver 2[30][e] |
|
Windows | PlayStation 2 | |||
Mad Dash Racing[31] |
|
Xbox | ||||
Blood Omen 2[32][h] |
|
Windows Xbox |
GameCube | PlayStation 2 | ||
Legacy of Kain: Defiance[33][i] |
|
Windows Xbox |
PlayStation 2 | |||
Whiplash[34] |
|
Xbox | PlayStation 2 | |||
Project Snowblind[35][j] |
|
Windows Xbox |
PlayStation 2 | |||
Tomb Raider: Legend[36][k] |
|
Windows Xbox Xbox 360 |
DS GBA |
PlayStation 2 PSP PlayStation 3 |
||
Tomb Raider: Anniversary[37][l] |
|
Windows Xbox 360 |
Wii | PlayStation 2 PSP PlayStation 3 |
Mac OS Mobile | |
Tomb Raider: Underworld[38][m] |
|
Windows Xbox 360 |
DS Wii |
PlayStation 2 PlayStation 3 |
Mac OS | |
Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light[39][n] |
|
Windows Xbox 360 |
PlayStation 3 | iOS | ||
Tomb Raider[40][o] |
|
Windows Xbox 360 Xbox One |
PlayStation 3 PlayStation 4 |
Mac OS Linux | ||
Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris[42] |
|
Windows Xbox One |
PlayStation 4 | |||
Lara Croft: Relic Run[43] |
|
Windows Phone | iOS, Android | |||
Rise of the Tomb Raider[44][p] |
|
Windows Xbox 360 Xbox One |
PlayStation 4 | Mac OS Linux | ||
Marvel's Avengers |
|
Windows Xbox One Xbox Series X |
PlayStation 4 PlayStation 5 |
Stadia |
Notes[]
- ^ The PlayStation version of Gex was developed by Beam Software.[15]
- ^ A 3DO version of Slam 'N Jam, developed by Crystal Dynamics, was originally released in 1993.[18]
- ^ Published only.[22]
- ^ The Nintendo 64 version of Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko was developed by Gratuitous Games.[26]
- ^ Jump up to: a b The Dreamcast version of Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver and the Windows version of Soul Reaver 2 were developed by Nixxes Software.[27]
- ^ The Game Boy Color version of Walt Disney World Quest: Magical Racing Tour was developed by Prolific Publishing.[28]
- ^ The Microsoft Windows version of 102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue was co-developed with Prolific Publishing; the Game Boy Color version was developed by Digital Eclipse Software and the PlayStation version by Toys for Bob.[29]
- ^ The Windows, Xbox and GameCube versions of Blood Omen 2 were developed by Nixxes Software.[32]
- ^ The Windows and Xbox versions of Legacy of Kain: Defiance were developed by Nixxes Software.[33]
- ^ The PC and Xbox versions of Project Snowblind were developed by Nixxes Software.[35]
- ^ The Nintendo DS version of Tomb Raider: Legend was developed by Human Soft, and the PlayStation Portable version by Crystal Dynamics along with Buzz Monkey Software.[36]
- ^ The Mac OS version of Tomb Raider: Anniversary was developed by Robosoft Technologies and published by Feral Interactive. The Windows version was developed by Nixxes Software. The mobile version was developed by FinBlade.[37]
- ^ The PlayStation 3 and Windows versions of Tomb Raider: Underworld were developed by Nixxes Software; the Nintendo DS version by Santa Cruz Games. The Mac OS version of the game was published by Feral Interactive.[38]
- ^ The iOS version of Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light was developed by Ideaworks Game Studio. The PlayStation 3 and Windows versions of the game were co-developed with Nixxes Software.[39]
- ^ Additional development by Eidos Montréal; ported to Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One by , and to OS X and Linux by Feral Interactive.[41]
- ^ Rise of the Tomb Raider is the sequel to the 2013 Tomb Raider video game. The Xbox 360 version was developed by Nixxes Software. The Mac OS X and Linux version was developed by Feral Interactive.[45][46]
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Crystal Dynamics". InterGames. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ^ "Shelley Duvall's It's a Bird's Life". Entertainment Weekly. January 14, 1994. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
- ^ Ransom, James (July 7, 2009). "Eidos dissolved into 'Square Enix Europe,' layoffs likely". Joystiq. AOL Inc. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved March 20, 2012.
- ^ "SK: The Complete Guide To Legacy of Kain - Behind The Scenes". Silicon Knights. Archived from the original on December 18, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
- ^ Casamassina, Matt (October 19, 2000). "The Art of Making Games". IGN. Retrieved October 31, 2012.
- ^ "Eidos dumps Core, shifts Tomb Raider development". Spong. July 30, 2003. Archived from the original on June 10, 2015. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ^ Dormer, Dan (June 16, 2006). "Rebellion Purchases Core Design". 1UP.com. IGN Entertainment. Archived from the original on June 10, 2015. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- ^ Snow, Blake (February 3, 2006). "Tomb Raider: Legend, it's a date!". Joystiq. AOL Inc. Archived from the original on January 27, 2015. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Eidos plc half-yearly financial report for the six months ended 31 December 2008". FE Investegate. March 8, 2009. Archived from the original on March 8, 2009. Retrieved March 20, 2012.
- ^ Brown, Nathan (May 3, 2011). "Crystal Dynamics: Tomb Raider Reboot". Edge. Future Publishing Limited. Archived from the original on April 3, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ^ Crash N Burn:
- "Crash N Burn". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Total Eclipse:
- "Total Eclipse". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "Total Eclipse Turbo". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Off-World Interceptor:
- "Off-World Interceptor". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "Off-World Interceptor Extreme (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "Off-World Interceptor Extreme (Saturn)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ The Horde:
- House, Matthew. "The Horde". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Gex:
- "Gex (3DO)". IGN. News Corporation. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
- "Gex (Sega Saturn)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
- "Gex (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
- "Gex (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
- ^ Samurai Shodown:
- Douglas Smith, Geoffrey. "Samurai Shodown". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Solar Eclipse:
- "Solar Eclipse". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Slam 'N Jam:
- "Slam 'N Jam". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "Slam N' Jam (3DO)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- ^ Slam 'N Jam '96:
- House, Matthew. "Slam 'N Jam '96 featuring Magic and Kareem (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Leach, Gracie. "Slam 'N Jam '96 featuring Magic and Kareem (Saturn)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Blazing Dragons:
- Steinberg, Scott. "Blazing Dragons (Saturn)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- House, Matthew. "Blazing Dragons (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ 3D Baseball:
- Sutyak, Jonathan. "3D Baseball (Saturn)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- House, Matthew. "3D Baseball (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Pandemonium:
- Frankle, Gavin. "Pandemonium (Saturn)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Frankle, Gavin. "Pandemonium (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Gerstmann, Jeff (October 9, 2003). "Pandemonium! Review". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "Pandemonium!". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on March 22, 2012. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Pandemonium 2:
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Pandemonium 2 (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Pandemonium 2 (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Gex: Enter the Gecko:
- "Enter the Gecko (N64)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- House, Michael L. "Enter the Gecko (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- House, Michael L. "Enter the Gecko (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Akuji the Heartless:
- Couper, Chris. "Akuji the Heartless". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko:
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Cook, Brad. "Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko (N64)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver:
- Wigmore, Glenn. "Soul Reaver (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Couper, Chris. "Soul Reaver (PlayStation)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Sutyak, Jonathan. "Soul Reaver (Dreamcast)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Walt Disney World Quest:
- Crooks, Clayton. "Walt Disney World Quest (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Huey, Christian. "Walt Disney World Quest (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- All Game Guide. "Walt Disney World Quest (GBC)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Huey, Christian. "Walt Disney World Quest (Dreamcast)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b 102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue:
- Olson, Kim. "102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue (PS)". All Game Guide. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue (GBC)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Thompson, Jon. "102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue (Dreamcast)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Soul Reaver 2:
- Deci, T. J. "Soul Reaver 2 (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Soul Reaver 2 (PS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Mad Dash Racing':
- Frankle, Gavin. "Mad Dash Racing". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Blood Omen 2
- Deci, T. J. "Blood Omen 2 (PS2)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Blood Omen 2 (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Frankle, Gavin. "Blood Omen 2 (Xbox)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Blood Omen 2 (GC)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Legacy of Kain: Defiance
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Legacy of Kain: Defiance (PS2)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Legacy of Kain: Defiance (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Legacy of Kain: Defiance (Xbox)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Whiplash:
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Whiplash (PS2)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Whiplash (Xbox)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Project Snowblind:
- Deci, T. J. "Project Snowblind (PS2)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Project Snowblind (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Project Snowblind (Xbox)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Tomb Raider: Legend:
- Deci, T. J. "Tomb Raider: Legend (PS2)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Tomb Raider: Legend (X360)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Tomb Raider: Legend (PSP)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Tomb Raider: Legend (GBA)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Tomb Raider: Legend (Xbox)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T. J. "Tomb Raider: Legend (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Tomb Raider: Anniversary:
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Tomb Raider: Anniversary (PS2)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Tomb Raider: Anniversary (Mac)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Tomb Raider: Anniversary (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Tomb Raider: Anniversary (PSP)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Marriott, Scott Alan. "Tomb Raider: Anniversary (X360)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Leach, Gracie. "Tomb Raider: Anniversary (Wii)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Diniz Sanches, Joao (October 26, 2007). "Tomb Raider: Anniversary coming to mobile". Pocket Gamer. Steel Media Limited. Archived from the original on December 9, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Tomb Raider: Underworld:
- Deci, T.J. "Tomb Raider: Underworld (PS2)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Tomb Raider: Underworld (PS3)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Tomb Raider: Underworld (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Tomb Raider: Underworld (X360)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Tomb Raider: Underworld (Wii)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Tomb Raider: Underworld (NDS)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Tomb Raider: Underworld (Mac)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light:
- Deci, T.J. "Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light (Xbox Live Arcade)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light (PlayStation Network)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- Deci, T.J. "Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light (iPad)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Tomb Raider:
- "Tomb Raider (Windows)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "Tomb Raider (X360)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- "Tomb Raider (PS3)". Allgame. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ Kubba, Sinan (January 23, 2014). "Tomb Raider arrows onto Mac, out now". Joystiq. Archived from the original on January 31, 2015. Retrieved February 4, 2014.
- ^ Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light:
- "Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris (Windows)". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
- "Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris (PlayStation 4)". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
- "Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris (Xbox One)". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
- ^ Matulef, Jeffery (May 28, 2015). "Lara Croft: Relic Run is out now on mobile devices". Eurogamer. Retrieved May 28, 2015.
- ^ Rise of the Tomb Raider:
- "Rise of the Tomb Raider(Xbox One)". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
- "Rise of the Tomb Raider(Xbox 360)". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
- ^ "Establish a legend in Rise of the Tomb Raider: 20 Year Celebration, out now for macOS". Feral Interactive. April 12, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
- ^ "Lara Croft returns to Linux in Rise of the Tomb Raider: 20 Year Celebration". Feral Interactive. April 19, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
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