List of NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament Final Four participants

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This is a list of the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament Final Four participants (a third-place game was played from 1946 to 1981).

Participants[]

Year Team Conference Tournament region
(seeding)
Final Four outcome
1939 Oregon Pacific Coast West National Champions
Ohio State Big Ten East National Runner-Up
Oklahoma Big Six West
Villanova Independent East
1940 Indiana Big Ten East National Champions
Kansas Big Six West National Runner-Up
Duquesne Independent East
USC Pacific Coast West
1941 Wisconsin Big Ten East National Champions
Washington State Pacific Coast West National Runner-Up
Arkansas Southwest West
Pittsburgh Eastern East
1942 Stanford Pacific Coast West National Champions
Dartmouth Ivy League East National Runner-Up
Colorado Mountain States West
Kentucky Southeastern East
1943 Wyoming Mountain States West National Champions
Georgetown Independent East National Runner-Up
DePaul Independent East
Texas Southwest West
1944 Utah Mountain States West National Champions
Dartmouth EIL (Ivy) East National Runner-Up
Iowa State Big Six West
Ohio State Big Ten East
1945 Oklahoma A&M Missouri Valley West National Champions
NYU Independent East National Runner-Up
Arkansas Southwest West
Ohio State Big Ten East
1946 Oklahoma A&M Missouri Valley West National Champions
North Carolina Southern East National Runner-Up
Ohio State Big Ten East Third Place
California Pacific Coast West
1947 Holy Cross Independent East National Champions
Oklahoma Big Six West National Runner-Up
Texas Southwest West Third Place
CCNY Independent East
1948 Kentucky Southeastern East National Champions
Baylor Southwest West National Runner-Up
Holy Cross Independent East Third Place
Kansas State Big Seven West
1949 Kentucky Southeastern East National Champions
Oklahoma A&M Missouri Valley West National Runner-Up
Illinois Big Ten East Third Place
Oregon State Pacific Coast West
1950 CCNY Independent East National Champions
Bradley Missouri Valley West National Runner-Up
NC State Southern East Third Place
Baylor Southwest West
1951 Kentucky Southeastern East National Champions
Kansas State Big Seven West National Runner-Up
Illinois Big Ten East Third Place
Oklahoma A&M Missouri Valley West
1952 Kansas Big Seven West National Champions
St. John's Independent East National Runner-Up
Illinois Big Ten East Third Place
Santa Clara Independent West
1953 Indiana Big Ten East National Champions
Kansas Big Seven West National Runner-Up
Washington Pacific Coast West Third Place
LSU Southeastern East
1954 La Salle Independent (Mid Atlantic) East National Champions
Bradley Independent West National Runner-Up
Penn State Independent East Third Place
USC Pacific Coast West
1955 San Francisco West Coast West National Champions
La Salle Independent (Mid Atlantic) East National Runner-Up
Colorado Big Seven West Third Place
Iowa Big Ten East
1956 San Francisco West Coast Far West National Champions
Iowa Big Ten Midwest National Runner-Up
Temple Independent (Mid Atlantic) East Third Place
SMU Southwest West
1957 North Carolina Atlantic Coast East National Champions
Kansas Big Seven Midwest National Runner-Up
San Francisco West Coast West Third Place
Michigan State Big Ten Mideast
1958 Kentucky Southeastern Mideast National Champions
Seattle Independent West National Runner-Up
Temple Independent (Mid Atlantic) East Third Place
Kansas State Big Seven Midwest
1959 California Pacific Coast West National Champions
West Virginia Southern East National Runner-Up
Cincinnati Missouri Valley Midwest Third Place
Louisville Independent Mideast
1960 Ohio State Big Ten Mideast National Champions
California AAWU West National Runner-Up
Cincinnati Missouri Valley Midwest Third Place
NYU Independent East
1961 Cincinnati Missouri Valley Midwest National Champions
Ohio State Big Ten Mideast National Runner-Up
St. Joseph's* Middle Atlantic East Third Place
Utah Mountain States West
1962 Cincinnati Missouri Valley Midwest National Champions
Ohio State Big Ten Mideast National Runner-Up
Wake Forest Atlantic Coast East Third Place
UCLA AAWU West
1963 Loyola-Chicago Independent Mideast National Champions
Cincinnati Missouri Valley Midwest National Runner-Up
Duke Atlantic Coast East Third Place
Oregon State Independent West
1964 UCLA AAWU West National Champions
Duke Atlantic Coast East National Runner-Up
Michigan Big Ten Mideast Third Place
Kansas State Big Eight Midwest
1965 UCLA AAWU West National Champions
Michigan Big Ten Mideast National Runner-Up
Princeton Ivy East Third Place
Wichita State Missouri Valley Midwest
1966 Texas Western Independent Midwest National Champions
Kentucky Southeastern Mideast National Runner-Up
Duke Atlantic Coast East Third Place
Utah Western Athletic West
1967 UCLA AAWU West National Champions
Dayton Independent Mideast National Runner-Up
Houston Independent Midwest Third Place
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East
1968 UCLA AAWU West National Champions
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East National Runner-Up
Ohio State Big Ten Mideast Third Place
Houston Independent Midwest
1969 UCLA Pacific-8 West National Champions
Purdue Big Ten Mideast National Runner-Up
Drake Missouri Valley Midwest Third Place
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East
1970 UCLA Pacific-8 West National Champions
Jacksonville Independent Mideast National Runner-Up
New Mexico State Independent Midwest Third Place
St. Bonaventure Independent East
1971 UCLA Pacific-8 West National Champions
Villanova* Independent East National Runner-Up
Western Kentucky* Ohio Valley Mideast Third Place
Kansas Big Eight Midwest
1972 UCLA Pacific-8 West National Champions
Florida State Independent Mideast National Runner-Up
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East Third Place
Louisville Missouri Valley Midwest
1973 UCLA Pacific-8 West National Champions
Memphis State Missouri Valley Midwest National Runner-Up
Indiana Big Ten Mideast Third Place
Providence Independent East
1974 NC State Atlantic Coast East National Champions
Marquette Independent Mideast National Runner-Up
UCLA Pacific-8 West Third Place
Kansas Big Eight Midwest
1975 UCLA Pacific-8 West National Champions
Kentucky Southeastern Mideast National Runner-Up
Louisville Missouri Valley Midwest Third Place
Syracuse Independent (ECAC Up) East
1976 Indiana Big Ten Mideast National Champions
Michigan Big Ten Midwest National Runner-Up
UCLA Pacific-8 West Third Place
Rutgers Independent (ECAC Met) East
1977 Marquette Independent Midwest National Champions
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East National Runner-Up
UNLV Independent West Third Place
UNC Charlotte Sun Belt Mideast
1978 Kentucky Southeastern Mideast National Champions
Duke Atlantic Coast East National Runner-Up
Arkansas Southwest West Third Place
Notre Dame Independent Midwest
1979 Michigan State Big Ten Mideast (2) National Champions
Indiana State Missouri Valley Midwest (1) National Runner-Up
DePaul Independent West (2) Third Place
Pennsylvania Ivy East (9)
1980 Louisville Metro Midwest (2) National Champions
UCLA* Pacific-10 West (8) National Runner-Up
Purdue Big Ten Mideast (6) Third Place
Iowa Big Ten East (5)
1981 Indiana Big Ten Mideast (3) National Champions
North Carolina Atlantic Coast West (2) National Runner-Up
Virginia Atlantic Coast East (1) Third Place
LSU Southeastern Midwest (1)
1982 North Carolina Atlantic Coast East (1) National Champions
Georgetown Big East West (1) National Runner-Up
Louisville Metro Mideast (3)
Houston Southwest Midwest (6)
1983 NC State Atlantic Coast West (6) National Champions
Houston Southwest Midwest (1) National Runner-Up
Louisville Metro Mideast (1)
Georgia Southeastern East (4)
1984 Georgetown Big East West (1) National Champions
Houston Southwest Midwest (2) National Runner-Up
Kentucky Southeastern Mideast (1)
Virginia Atlantic Coast East (7)
1985 Villanova Big East Southeast (8) National Champions
Georgetown Big East East (1) National Runner-Up
Memphis State* Metro Midwest (2)
St. John's Big East West (1)
1986 Louisville Metro West (2) National Champions
Duke Atlantic Coast East (1) National Runner-Up
Kansas Big Eight Midwest (1)
LSU Southeastern Southeast (11)
1987 Indiana Big Ten Midwest (1) National Champions
Syracuse Big East East (2) National Runner-Up
UNLV Big West West (1)
Providence Big East Southeast (6)
1988 Kansas Big Eight Midwest (6) National Champions
Oklahoma Big Eight Southeast (1) National Runner-Up
Duke Atlantic Coast East (2)
Arizona Pacific-10 West (1)
1989 Michigan Big Ten Southeast (3) National Champions
Seton Hall Big East West (3) National Runner-Up
Illinois Big Ten Midwest (1)
Duke Atlantic Coast East (2)
1990 UNLV Big West West (1) National Champions
Duke Atlantic Coast East (3) National Runner-Up
Arkansas Southwest Midwest (4)
Georgia Tech Atlantic Coast Southeast (4)
1991 Duke Atlantic Coast Midwest (2) National Champions
Kansas Big Eight Southeast (3) National Runner-Up
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East (1)
UNLV Big West West (1)
1992 Duke Atlantic Coast East (1) National Champions
Michigan* Big Ten Southeast (6) National Runner-Up
Indiana Big Ten West (2)
Cincinnati Great Midwest Midwest (4)
1993 North Carolina Atlantic Coast East (1) National Champions
Michigan* Big Ten West (1) National Runner-Up
Kentucky Southeastern Southeast (1)
Kansas Big Eight Midwest (2)
1994 Arkansas Southeastern Midwest (1) National Champions
Duke Atlantic Coast Southeast (2) National Runner-Up
Arizona Pacific-10 West (2)
Florida Southeastern East (3)
1995 UCLA Pacific-10 West (1) National Champions
Arkansas Southeastern Midwest (2) National Runner-Up
North Carolina Atlantic Coast Southeast (2)
Oklahoma State Big Eight East (4)
1996 Kentucky Southeastern Midwest (1) National Champions
Syracuse Big East West (4) National Runner-Up
Massachusetts* Atlantic 10 East (1)
Mississippi State Southeastern Southeast (5)
1997 Arizona Pacific-10 Southeast (4) National Champions
Kentucky Southeastern West (1) National Runner-Up
Minnesota* Big Ten Midwest (1)
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East (1)
1998 Kentucky Southeastern South (2) National Champions
Utah Western Athletic West (3) National Runner-Up
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East (1)
Stanford Pacific-10 Midwest (3)
1999 Connecticut Big East West (1) National Champions
Duke Atlantic Coast East (1) National Runner-Up
Michigan State Big Ten Midwest (1)
Ohio State* Big Ten South (4)
2000 Michigan State Big Ten Midwest (1) National Champions
Florida Southeastern East (5) National Runner-Up
North Carolina Atlantic Coast South (8)
Wisconsin Big Ten West (8)
2001 Duke Atlantic Coast East (1) National Champions
Arizona Pacific-10 Midwest (2) National Runner-Up
Michigan State Big Ten South (1)
Maryland Atlantic Coast West (3)
2002 Maryland Atlantic Coast East (1) National Champions
Indiana Big Ten South (5) National Runner-Up
Kansas Big 12 Midwest (1)
Oklahoma Big 12 West (2)
2003 Syracuse Big East East (3) National Champions
Kansas Big 12 West (2) National Runner-Up
Texas Big 12 South (1)
Marquette Conference USA Midwest (3)
2004 Connecticut Big East Phoenix (2) National Champions
Georgia Tech Atlantic Coast St. Louis (3) National Runner-Up
Duke Atlantic Coast Atlanta (1)
Oklahoma State Big 12 E. Rutherford (2)
2005 North Carolina Atlantic Coast Syracuse (1) National Champions
Illinois Big Ten Chicago (1) National Runner-Up
Louisville Conference USA Albuquerque (4)
Michigan State Big Ten Austin (5)
2006 Florida Southeastern Minneapolis (3) National Champions
UCLA Pacific-10 Oakland (2) National Runner-Up
LSU Southeastern Atlanta (4)
George Mason Colonial Washington, D.C. (11)
2007 Florida Southeastern Midwest (1) National Champions
Ohio State Big Ten South (1) National Runner-Up
UCLA Pacific-10 West (2)
Georgetown Big East East (2)
2008 Kansas Big 12 Midwest (1) National Champions
Memphis* Conference USA South (1) National Runner-Up
UCLA Pacific-10 West (1)
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East (1)
2009 North Carolina Atlantic Coast South (1) National Champions
Michigan State Big Ten Midwest (2) National Runner-Up
Connecticut Big East West (1)
Villanova Big East East (3)
2010 Duke Atlantic Coast South (1) National Champions
Butler Horizon West (5) National Runner-Up
Michigan State Big Ten Midwest (5)
West Virginia Big East East (2)
2011 Connecticut Big East West (3) National Champions
Butler Horizon Southeast (8) National Runner-Up
Kentucky Southeastern East (4)
VCU Colonial Southwest (11)
2012 Kentucky Southeastern South (1) National Champions
Kansas Big 12 Midwest (2) National Runner-Up
Ohio State Big Ten East (2)
Louisville* Big East West (4)
2013 Louisville* Big East Midwest (1) National Champions
Michigan Big Ten South (4) National Runner-Up
Syracuse Big East East (4)
Wichita State Missouri Valley West (9)
2014 UConn American East (7) National Champions
Kentucky Southeastern Midwest (8) National Runner-Up
Florida Southeastern South (1)
Wisconsin Big Ten West (2)
2015 Duke Atlantic Coast South (1) National Champions
Wisconsin Big Ten West (1) National Runner-Up
Michigan State Big Ten East (7)
Kentucky Southeastern Midwest (1)
2016 Villanova Big East South (2) National Champions
North Carolina Atlantic Coast East (1) National Runner-Up
Oklahoma Big 12 West (2)
Syracuse Atlantic Coast Midwest (10)
2017 North Carolina Atlantic Coast South (1) National Champions
Gonzaga West Coast West (1) National Runner-Up
Oregon Pacific-12 Midwest (3)
South Carolina Southeastern East (7)
2018 Villanova Big East East (1) National Champions
Michigan Big Ten West (3) National Runner-Up
Kansas Big 12 Midwest (1)
Loyola-Chicago Missouri Valley South (11)
2019 Virginia Atlantic Coast South (1) National Champions
Texas Tech Big 12 West (3) National Runner-Up
Michigan State Big Ten East (2)
Auburn Southeastern Midwest (5)
2020 Not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Baylor Big 12 South (1) National Champions
Gonzaga West Coast West (1) National Runner-Up
UCLA Pacific-12 East (11)
Houston American Midwest (2)

Teams marked with an * vacated its Final Four appearances due to violations of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) rules aimed at preserving the integrity and amateur status of its student athletes.

Appearances by team[]

Appearances by school
School Final Four Final Two Champs
Arizona 4 2 1
Arkansas 6 2 1
Auburn 1 0 0
Baylor 3 2 1
Bradley 2 2 0
Butler 2 2 0
California 3 2 1
CCNY 2 1 1
Charlotte 1 0 0
Cincinnati 6 3 2
Colorado 2 0 0
Dartmouth 2 2 0
Dayton 1 1 0
DePaul 2 0 0
Drake 1 0 0
Duke 16 11 5
Duquesne 1 0 0
Florida 5 3 2
Florida State 1 1 0
George Mason 1 0 0
Georgetown 5 4 1
Georgia 1 0 0
Georgia Tech 2 1 0
Gonzaga 2 2 0
Holy Cross 2 1 1
Houston 6 2 0
Illinois 5 1 0
Indiana 8 6 5
Indiana State 1 1 0
Iowa 3 1 0
Iowa State 1 0 0
Jacksonville 1 1 0
Kansas 15 9 3
Kansas State 4 1 0
Kentucky 17 12 8
La Salle 2 2 1
Louisville 10* 3* 3*
Loyola–Chicago 2 1 1
LSU 4 0 0
Marquette 3 2 1
Maryland 2 1 1
Massachusetts 1* 0 0
Memphis 3* 2* 0
Michigan 8* 7* 1
Michigan State 10 3 2
Minnesota 1* 0 0
Mississippi State 1 0 0
New Mexico State 1 0 0
North Carolina 20 11 6
NC State 3 2 2
Notre Dame 1 0 0
NYU 2 1 0
Ohio State 11* 5 1
Oklahoma 5 2 0
Oklahoma State 6 3 2
Oregon 2 1 1
Oregon State 2 0 0
Penn 1 0 0
Penn State 1 0 0
Pittsburgh 1 0 0
Princeton 1 0 0
Providence 2 0 0
Purdue 2 1 0
Rutgers 1 0 0
San Francisco 3 2 2
Santa Clara 1 0 0
Seattle 1 1 0
Seton Hall 1 1 0
SMU 1 0 0
South Carolina 1 0 0
USC 2 0 0
Stanford 2 1 1
St. Bonaventure 1 0 0
St. John's 2 1 0
Saint Joseph's 1* 0 0
Syracuse 6 3 1
Temple 2 0 0
Texas 3 0 0
Texas Tech 1 1 0
UCLA 19* 13* 11
UConn 5 4 4
UNLV 4 1 1
Utah 4 2 1
UTEP 1 1 1
VCU 1 0 0
Villanova 6* 4* 3
Virginia 3 1 1
Wake Forest 1 0 0
Washington 1 0 0
Washington State 1 1 0
Western Kentucky 1* 0 0
West Virginia 2 1 0
Wichita State 2 0 0
Wisconsin 4 2 1
Wyoming 1 1 1
Total 328 164 82
Notes

All schools are identified in this list by their current athletic brand names. This most notably affects the following institutions:

  • The University of Memphis made its first Final Four appearance in 1985 as Memphis State University.
  • The University of Texas at El Paso, athletically branded and academically marketed as UTEP, made its lone appearance in 1966 when the institution was known as Texas Western College.
  • The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, athletically branded as Charlotte since 2000, used "UNC Charlotte" and "UNCC" interchangeably when it made its sole Final Four appearance in 1977.
  • The University of Connecticut adopted its long-used short form of "UConn" as its sole athletic brand name in 2013–14, the same season in which it won its most recent national title.

Teams marked with an asterisk (*) have had at least one of the marked appearances vacated due to NCAA sanctions.

Appearances by state[]

Appearances by state
State Final Four Final Two Champs
Alabama 1 0 0
Arizona 4 2 1
Arkansas 6 2 1
California 30 18 15
Colorado 2 0 0
Connecticut 5 4 4
District of Columbia 5 4 1
Florida 7 5 2
Georgia 3 1 0
Illinois 11 4 1
Indiana 14 10 5
Iowa 5 1 0
Kansas 21 10 3
Kentucky 28 15 11
Louisiana 4 0 0
Maryland 2 1 1
Massachusetts 3 1 1
Michigan 18 10 3
Minnesota 1 0 0
Mississippi 1 0 0
Nevada 4 1 1
New Hampshire 2 2 0
New Jersey 3 1 0
New Mexico 1 0 0
New York 13 6 2
North Carolina 41 24 13
Ohio 18 9 3
Oklahoma 11 5 2
Oregon 4 1 1
Pennsylvania 15 6 4
Rhode Island 2 0 0
South Carolina 1 0 0
Tennessee 3 2 0
Texas 15 6 2
Utah 4 2 1
Virginia 5 1 1
Washington 5 4 0
West Virginia 2 1 0
Wisconsin 7 4 2
Wyoming 1 1 1
Total 328 164 82

Final Four appearances by region[]

Final Four appearances by region
Region Number Schools and Number of Appearances
New England 12 UConn – 5, Dartmouth – 2, Holy Cross – 2, Providence – 2, UMass – 1
Mid-Atlantic 31 Syracuse – 6, Villanova – 6, CCNY – 2, La Salle – 2, NYU – 2, St. John's – 2, Temple – 2, Duquesne – 1, Penn State – 1, Penn – 1, Pittsburgh – 1, Princeton – 1, Rutgers – 1, Seton Hall – 1, St. Bonaventure – 1, St. Joseph's – 1
Total Northeast 43
South Atlantic 66 North Carolina – 20, Duke – 16, Florida – 5, Georgetown – 5, NC State – 3, Virginia – 3, Georgia Tech – 2, Maryland – 2, West Virginia – 2, Charlotte – 1, Florida State – 1, George Mason – 1, Georgia – 1, Jacksonville – 1, South Carolina −1, VCU – 1, Wake Forest – 1
East South Central 32 Kentucky – 17, Louisville – 10, Memphis – 3, Mississippi State – 1, Western Kentucky – 1
West South Central 35 Arkansas – 6, Oklahoma State – 6, Houston – 6, Oklahoma – 5, LSU – 4, Texas – 3, Baylor – 3, SMU – 1, UTEP – 1
Total South 132
East North Central 67 Ohio State – 11, Michigan State – 9, Indiana – 8, Michigan – 8, Cincinnati – 6, Illinois – 5, Wisconsin – 4, Marquette – 3, Bradley – 2, Butler – 2, DePaul – 2, Loyola-Chicago – 2, Purdue – 2, Dayton – 1, Indiana State – 1, Notre Dame – 1
West North Central 27 Kansas – 15, Kansas State – 4, Iowa – 3, Wichita State – 2, Drake – 1, Iowa State – 1, Minnesota – 1
Total Midwest 94
Mountain 16 Arizona – 4, UNLV – 4, Utah – 4, Colorado – 2, New Mexico State – 1, Wyoming – 1
Pacific 39 UCLA – 19, California – 3, Gonzaga − 2, San Francisco – 3, Oregon State – 2, USC – 2, Stanford – 2, Oregon – 2, Santa Clara – 1, Seattle – 1, Washington – 1, Washington State – 1
Total West 55

U.S. Census Regions Map [1]

Final Four, Final Two and Champs by region[]

Final Four, Final Two and Champs by region
Region Final Four Final Two Champs
New England 12 7 5
Mid-Atlantic 32 14 6
Total Northeast 43 20 11
South Atlantic 66 36 17
East South Central 32 17 11
West South Central 32 12 6
Total South 134 65 34
East North Central 67 38 14
West North Central 27 12 3
Total Midwest 94 49 17
Mountain 16 6 4
Pacific 39 23 16
Total West 55 29 20
Total 324 162 81

Updated as of 4/2/2018

Note: The table includes vacated results indicated by "*" in the main table.

  • St. Joseph's, 1961: Three players involved in a point-shaving scandal.[2][3]
  • Villanova, 1971: Tournament Most Valuable Player Howard Porter had signed a professional contract with the Pittsburgh Condors of the American Basketball Association (ABA) during the regular season.[4]
  • Western Kentucky, 1971: Jim McDaniels had signed a professional contract with the Carolina Cougars of the American Basketball Association and accepted money during the regular season.[5]
  • UCLA, 1980: Kiki Vandeweghe and Rod Foster were declared ineligible due to their connection with recruiting violations involving booster Sam Gilbert[citation needed].
  • Memphis State (now Memphis), 1985: Leading scorer Keith Lee had received $40,000 in illegal payoffs from head coach Dana Kirk.[6]
  • The University of Michigan vacated the results of 113 games won while four players (Chris Webber, Maurice Taylor, Robert Traylor and Louis Bullock) were not eligible, including the 1992 and 1993 Final Fours. See University of Michigan basketball scandal.
  • Massachusetts, 1996: Marcus Camby had accepted money and gifts from a pair of sports agents.[7]
  • Minnesota, 1997: Academic fraud involving head coach Clem Haskins, five other university employees and at least eighteen players.[8] See University of Minnesota basketball scandal.
  • NCAA gave Ohio State three years' probation and ordered it to pay back all tournament money earned from 1999–2002 when Boban Savović was on the Buckeyes' roster. Ohio State had to remove all references to team accomplishments from those years including a 1999 visit to the Final Four.
  • Memphis had its entire 2007–08 season vacated by the NCAA due to issues related to star guard Derrick Rose, whose SAT score was invalidated after the 07–08 season.
  • Louisville vacated the results of 126 games (123 wins, 3 losses) from 2011 to 2015, a period in which several unnamed players were ineligible. This included the 2012 Final Four and 2013 national title. See 2015 University of Louisville basketball sex scandal.
  • 2021 marks the first time in history that all four Final Four teams are located west of the Mississippi River.

References[]

  1. ^ U.S. Census Regions Map: "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2014-12-24.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ http://www.umich.edu/~mgoblue/compliance/gambling/literature.html
  3. ^ http://espn.go.com/classic/s/basketball_scandals_molinas.html
  4. ^ Montville, Leigh. "Vacated*," Sports Illustrated, March 25, 1996.
  5. ^ Mayer, Bill. "No asterisks of infamy for Jayhawks," KUsports.com, Thursday, March 11, 2010.
  6. ^ Wolken, Dan. The Commercial Appeal (Memphis, TN), Monday, February 15, 2010.
  7. ^ Taylor, Phil. "Tangled Web," Sports Illustrated, September 15, 1997.
  8. ^ "Infractions case: University of Minnesota, Twin Cities," National Collegiate Athletic Association, Monday, November 6, 2000.
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