List of Tenochtitlan rulers
This is a list of the tlatoque of the pre-Columbian era altepetl of Tenochtitlan.
Founder (1325–1350/1367/1375)[]
| No. | Picture | Name | Reign | Succession & notes | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 |  |
Tenoch Tenōch |
1325 – 1350/1367/1375 | Founder of Tenochtitlan, possibly legendary | 1350, 1367 or 1375 Natural causes |
Tlatoque under Tepanec suzerainty (1373–1427)[]
| No. | Picture | Name | Reign | Succession & notes | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [1] Tlacotin |
1373 | Son of Tezozomoc. Appointed by his father. | 1373 Ruled for 200 days, died of natural causes | |
| 2 | [1] Teuctlehuac |
1373 | Son of Tezozomoc. Appointed by his father. May have been present in Tenochtitlan during the reign of Chimalpopoca, someone with the same name is noted as being killed along with Chimalpopoca. | Possibly 1427 Abandoned Tenochtitlan after he was unable to ensure stability | |
| 3 | 
|
Ilancueitl[2] Ilancueitl |
1373 – 1383 | Noblewoman from Coatlinchan or Culhuacan. | 1383 Natural causes |
| 4 | 
|
Acamapichtli Ācamāpichtli |
c. 1383 – 1403 | Husband of Ilancueitl. First tlatoani of Tenochtitlans royal dynasty. | 1387, 1395 or 1403 Natural causes |
| 5 | 
|
Huitzilihuitl Huītzilihhuitl |
c. 1403 – 1417 | Son of Acamapichtli. | 1415 or 1417 (aged c. 38) Natural causes |
| 6 | 
|
Chimalpopoca Chīmalpopōca |
1417 – 1427 | Son of Huitzilihuitl. | 1427 (aged c. 23) Conflicting accounts, strangled in captivity by Maxtla, or murdered by supporters of Itzcoatl |
| 7 | Xihuitl Temoc[3]
Xīhuitl Tēmoc |
1427 | Son of Chimalpopoca. | 1427
Ruled for 60 days, deposed and killed by Itzcoatl |
Hueytlatoque (emperors) of the Triple Alliance (1427–1521)[]
| No. | Picture | Name | Reign | Epithet | Succession & notes | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 
|
Itzcoatl Itzcōhuātl |
1427 – 1440 | Son of Acamapichtli. | 1440 (aged c. 60) Natural causes | |
| 9 | 
|
Moctezuma I Motēuczōma |
1440 – 1466 | He Shoots the Heavens Ilhuicamīna He Has Shone Like Jade Chālchiutlatōnac |
Son of Huitzilihuitl. | 1466 (aged c. 71) Natural causes (illness) |
| 10 | 
|
Atotoztli[2]
Atotoztli |
1466 – 1472 | Daughter of Moctezuma I. | 1472 (aged c. 52)
Natural causes | |
| 11 | 
|
Axayacatl Āxāyacatl |
1472 – 1481 | Son of Atotoztli and Tezozomoc, a son of Itzcoatl. | 1481 (aged c. 32) Natural causes (illness) | |
| 12 | 
|
Tizoc Tīzocic |
1481 – 1486 | Earthbound Sun Tlalchitonatiuh |
Son of Atotoztli and Tezozomoc, a son of Itzcoatl. | 1486 (aged c. 50) Unclear causes, possibly murdered |
| 13 | 
|
Ahuitzotl Āhuitzotl |
1486 – 1502 | Son of Atotoztli and Tezozomoc, a son of Itzcoatl. | 1502 (aged c. 56) Natural causes | |
| 14 | 
|
Moctezuma II Motēuczōma |
1502 – 1520 | The Younger Xōcoyōtl |
Son of Axayacatl. | 1520 (aged c. 54) Conflicting accounts, killed accidentally or intentionally by a rock thrown by one of his subjects, or killed by the Spaniards |
| 15 | 
|
Cuitláhuac Cuitlāhua |
1520 | Son of Axayacatl. | 1520 (aged c. 44) Unclear causes, possibly smallpox | |
| 16 | 
|
Cuauhtémoc Cuāuhtēmoc |
1520 – 1521 | Son of Ahuitzotl. | 1525 (aged c. 28) Hanged on the orders of Hernán Cortés. |
Tlatoque under colonial Spanish rule (1521–1565)[]
| No. | Picture | Name | Reign | Succession & notes | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (16) |
|
Cuauhtémoc Fernando Cuauhtémotzín |
1521 – 1525 | Son of Ahuitzotl, allowed to retain his position as tlatoani by the Spaniards, baptized as Fernando Cuauhtémotzín. | 1525 (aged c. 28) Hanged on the orders of Hernán Cortés. |
| 17 | Tlacotzin Juan Velázquez Tlacotzin |
1525 – 1526 | Grandson of Tlacaelel, a son of Huitzilihuitl. Installed by Hernán Cortés. | 1526 Died of an unknown disease | |
| Andrés de Tapia Motelchiuh, a Nahua warrior captain, serves as cuauhtlato ("interim ruler"), 1526 – 1530 | |||||
| Pablo Xochiquentzin, a Nahua commoner, serves as cuauhtlato ("interim ruler"), 1530 – 1536 | |||||
| 18 | 
|
Huanitzin Diego de Alvarado Huanitzin |
1539 – 1541 | Son of Tezozomoctli Acolnahuacatl, a son of Axayacatl. Installed by the Spanish colonial authorities. | 1541 Natural causes |
| 19 | 
|
Tehuetzquititzin Diego de San Francisco Tehuetzquititzin |
1541 – 1554 | Son of , a son of Tizoc. Installed by the Spanish colonial authorities. | 1554 Natural causes |
| , a Nahua commoner, serves as judge-governor of Tenochtitlan, 1554 – 1557 | |||||
| 20 | 
|
Cecetzin Cristóbal de Guzmán Cecetzin |
1557 – 1562 | Son of Huanitzin. Installed by the Spanish colonial authorities. | 1562 Natural causes |
| 21 | 
|
Nanacacipactzin Luis de Santa María Nanacacipactzin |
1563 – 1565 | Son of , a son of Ahuitzotl. Installed by the Spanish colonial authorities. Last tlatoani and last hereditary ruler of Tenochtitlan. | 1565 Natural causes |
See also[]
- List of Tetzcoco rulers
- List of Tlatelolco rulers
- Family tree of Aztec monarchs
- Aztec Empire
- History of the Aztecs
References[]
- ^ a b Santamarina Novillo, Carlos (2011). El Sistema de Dominacion Azteca: El Imperio Tepaneca (in Spanish). Editorial Académica Española. p. 431. ISBN 9783845485096.
- ^ a b Klein, Cecelia (2001). Gender in Pre-Hispanic America. Washington: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. pp. 330–334. ISBN 9780884022794.
- ^ Townsend, Camila (2019). Fifth Sun: A New History of the Aztecs. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 42. ISBN 0190673060.
Categories:
- Tenochca tlatoque
- Lists of tlatoque
- Lists of rulers
- Lists of Mexican people