List of admirals of Croatia
Admirals from Croatia served in many naval forces on the eastern Adriatic seaboard. First admirals (Jakov de Cessamis Šubić and his son Matej, Rafael de Sorba etc.), were mentioned in 1350s as commanders of the royal fleet of Croatian-Hungarian king Louis I.[1][2] Officers from today's Croatia served in various navies in control of Croatia or its parts. For instance, Jusuf Mašković served as a grand admiral of Ottoman Navy in 1630s; was a Venetian admiral in late 16th century, taking part in the Battle of Lepanto.[3] Croatian personnel served in the Venetian Navy until its demise in 1797 and, in modern times, in Habsburg/Austro-Hungarian Navy as Croatia was a constituent part of the monarchy (until 1918). First Croatian admirals distinguished themselves commanding Habsburg ships in First Italian War of Independence in 1848.
Croatian admirals helped lead Austro-Hungarian Navy through World War I and later oversaw the creation and development of Royal Yugoslav Navy in the interwar years (1918-1941). In World War II they found themselves on opposing sides, as some chose to collaborate and joined rather limited Navy of Independent State of Croatia (1941–45), while others founded guerilla Partisan Navy, which liberated the Croatian Adriatic and later developed into Yugoslav Navy (1942–91). Croatian admirals co-led Yugoslav Navy during the Cold War, overseeing its development of submarines and frigates, strengthening its capacities. After 1991, breaking off from Yugoslav Navy, Croatian admirals steered Croatian Navy through the Croatian War of Independence from Yugoslavia (1991-5) and worked on joining NATO (2004).
What follows is a list of naval officers from the territory of today's Republic of Croatia. For a list of admirals of the modern, post-1991 Croatian Navy, see . Historical Croat community in Boka Kotorska in Montenegro has produced a long line of admirals (Russian Grand admiral Matija Zmajević, Austrian vice-admiral Aleksandar Bujaković (1792-1870) etc.), but these are excluded from this list.
Admiral flote[]
In Yugoslav Navy, Branko Mamula was promoted to the rank of the Admiral of the Fleet in 1983. In Croatian Navy, rank of Fleet Admiral was introduced in 1995 as the naval equivalent to the five-star rank of the OF-10. Commending him on his role as the commander of Croatian Navy during the War of Independence (1991-5), president Tuđman conferred the rank on admiral Letica. Sveto Letica-Barba was the first and so far the only Croatian flag officer to hold this rank.
| Name | Born | Died | Date of rank | Navy | Crew/Year | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sveto Letica | 4 April 1926 | 6 November 2001 | March 1996 |  Croatian Navy |
1950 | Served in Yugoslav Navy 1942–86, retired as viceadmiral and retroactively promoted to the rank of admiral. Reactivated in 1991 |
| Branko Mamula | 30 May 1921 | 19 October 2021 | 22 December 1983 |  Yugoslav Navy |
1958[4] |
Admirals[]
| Name | Born | Died | Date of rank | Navy | Crew/Year | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1905 | 1980 | 1956 | Yugoslav Navy |
People's Hero of Yugoslavia | ||
| 1912 | 1998 | 1968 | Yugoslav Navy |
People's Hero of Yugoslavia | ||
| 1915 | 1991 | 1969 | Yugoslav Navy |
People's Hero of Yugoslavia | ||
| Maximilian Njegovan | 31 October 1858 | 1 July 1930 | 23 February 1917 |  Austro-Hungarian Navy |
1877 | Commander of Austro-Hungarian Navy 1917-8 |
| Dragutin Prica | 1867 | 1960 | 6 September 1925 |  Royal Yugoslav Navy |
1885 | Served as a rear admiral in Austro-Hungarian Navy until 1918 |
| 1866 | 1940 | 30 April 1930 | Royal Yugoslav Navy |
1885 | Served as a rear admiral (1917) in Austro-Hungarian Navy until 1918[6] | |
| 1932 | 2021[7] | 1988 | Yugoslav Navy Croatian Navy |
Joined Croatian Navy in 1991, his earlier rank confirmed | ||
| 1920 | 1976 | 1974 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| Petar Šimić | 1932 | 1990 | 1989 | Yugoslav Navy |
||
| Davor Domazet-Lošo | 1948 | 2000 | Croatian Navy |
|||
| 1937 | 2011 | 2002 | Croatian Navy |
1959 | ||
| Robert Hranj | 1962 | 11 March 2020[8] | Croatian Navy |
1985[9] | ||
| 1924 | 2008 | 5 July 1984 | Yugoslav Navy |
Retired as viceadmiral in April 1984; in July retroactively promoted to the rank of an admiral |
Vice Admirals[]
| Name | Born | Died | Date of rank | Navy | Crew/Year | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predrag Stipanović | 1964 | 2016 | Croatian Navy |
|||
| 1953 | 2009 | Croatian Navy |
||||
| 1957 | 2013 | Croatian Navy |
||||
| 1957 | 2020 | 1995[10] | Croatian Navy |
|||
| Edgar Angeli | 1892 | 1945 | 1943 |  Croatian Navy |
||
| 1906 | 1989 | 1961 | Yugoslav Navy |
People's Hero of Yugoslavia | ||
| 1918 | 2006 | 22 December 1971 | Yugoslav Navy |
served as an NCO in Royal Yugoslav Navy | ||
| 1923 | 2009 | 22 December 1976 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| 1914 | 1976 | 22 December 1968 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| 1922 | 22 December 1975 | Yugoslav Navy |
||||
| 1923 | 1993 | 22 December 1974 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| 1923 | 2009 | 22 December 1977 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| 1916 | 1988 | 22 December 1967 | Yugoslav Navy |
People's Hero of Yugoslavia | ||
| 1915 | 1978 | 22 December 1966 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| 1924 | 2012 | 22 December 1978 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| 1926 | 1982 | 22 December 1978 | Yugoslav Navy |
1/ | ||
| 1889 | 1945 | May 1944 | Croatian Navy |
1909 | retired as SotL Captain of Royal yugoslav Navy in Feb 1940 | |
| 1876 | 1958 | 6 September 1935 | Royal Yugoslav Navy |
1893 | Retired in April 1940 | |
| Dušan Rakić | 1943 | 2020 | 1994 |  Federal Yugoslav Navy |
117/1965[11] | left Yugoslav navy (SFRY) in 1992 as captain (kbb) |
Rear Admirals[]
 | This list is incomplete; you can help by . (March 2020) |
| Name | Born | Died | Date of rank | Navy | Crew/Year | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ivo Raffanelli | 1965 | 18 September 2019[12] | Croatian Navy |
1987 | ||
| 1959 | 2019 | 2015[13] | Croatian Navy |
1982 | ||
| [14] | 1884 | 1956 | 1 December 1937 | Royal Yugoslav Navy Croatian Navy |
1902 | In 1941 commander-in-chief of Royal Yugoslav Navy[15] Later joined ISC Navy, earlier rank confirmed |
| Janko Vuković | 7 October 1871 | 1 November 1918 | 30 October 1918 |  State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs Navy |
1889 | Served in Austro-Hungarian Navy as captain. Promoted to the rank of rear admiral by the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs |
| Đuro Jakčin | 1889 | 1944 | 10 April 1941 | Croatian Navy |
1909 | |
| 1913 | 1982 | 22 December 1954 | Yugoslav Navy |
People's Hero of Yugoslavia | ||
| 1920 | 2010 | 1969 | Yugoslav Navy |
People's Hero of Yugoslavia | ||
| 1820 | 1906 | 1889[16] | Austro-Hungarian Navy |
|||
| [17] | 1867 | 1935 | 11 May 1918 | Austro-Hungarian Navy |
1885 | |
| [18] | 1785 | 1849 | 28 August 1848 |  |
von Flaggentreu | |
| [19] | 1903 | 1971 | 1958 | Yugoslav Navy |
1929 | |
| 1915 | 1985 | 22 December 1961 | Yugoslav Navy |
|||
| 1864 | 1950 | 29 December 1919 | Austro-Hungarian Navy |
1882 | ||
| 1867 | 1939 | 1 May 1918 | Austro-Hungarian Navy |
1886 | ||
| 1866 | 1928 | 1 May 1918 | Austro-Hungarian Navy |
1886 | ||
| 1870 | 1918 | 1 November 1918 | Austro-Hungarian Navy |
1888 | ||
| 1936 | 22 December 1986 | Yugoslav Navy Croatian Navy |
Joined Croatian Navy, his earlier rank confirmed | |||
| 1933 | 22 December 1987 | Yugoslav Navy |
||||
| 1932 | 22 December 1990 | Yugoslav Navy |
5/ | |||
| 1935 | 22 December 1987 | Yugoslav Navy |
9/ | |||
| Ante Budimir | 1945 | 1993 | Croatian Navy |
|||
| 1886[20] | 1961 | 1 December 1937 | Royal Yugoslav Navy Croatian Navy |
Retired in 1940; later joined ISC Navy,[21] earlier rank confirmed | ||
| 1887 | 1953 | 1 December 1939 | Royal Yugoslav Navy Croatian Navy |
Joined ISC Navy,[22] earlier rank confirmed | ||
| 1889 | 1968 | 6 September 1940 | Royal Yugoslav Navy |
1909[23] | Commander in chief of Royal Yugoslav Navy in April 1941 |
Sources[]
[]
- SotL Captain Pecotić, Kuzma (1947-2012). List of Yugoslav Navy admirals
- Petar Strčić. On Admiral Petar Simic
- List of admirals with active duty period and year a rank was attained
[]
- Bjelajac, Mile (2004). Generali i admirali Kraljevine Jugoslavije 1918—1941. Beograd: Institut za noviju istoriju Srbije. ISBN 978-86-7005-039-6.
- List of Royal Yugoslav admirals and generals (in Serbian)
- List of Royal Yugoslav naval officers who served in collaborationist Croatian Navy
[]
- Schmidt-Brentano, Antonio. Die k. k. bzw. k. u. k. Generalität 1816-1918. Oesterreichischer Staatsarchiv, 2007
- Dubrović, Ervin. Vojno-pomorska akademija u Rijeci 1866.-1914. Rijeka: Pomorski fakultet u Rijeci/Muzej Grada Rijeke, 2011.
- "Rang- und Einteilungsliste Marine 1876-1918 | Könyvtár | Hungaricana". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 2020-04-01.
References[]
- ^ Grbavac, Branka (2008). "Zadarski plemići kao kraljevski vitezovi u doba Ludovika I. Anžuvinca". Acta Histriae (in Croatian). 16 (1–2): 89–116.
- ^ Klaić, V. (1900): Admirali ratne mornarice hrvatske godine 1358.–1413. Vjestnik Kr. hrvatsko-slavonsko-dalmatinskog zemaljskog arkiva, 2. Zagreb, Kr. hrvatskoslavonsko-dalmatinski zemaljski arkiv, 32–40.
- ^ Čoralić, Lovorka; Prijatelj Pavičić, Ivana (2005-12-01). "Ivan iz Vrane – mletački admiral u Lepantskom boju (1571.)". Povijesni Prilozi (in Croatian). 24 (29): 127–149. ISSN 0351-9767.
- ^ "Bitke i sudbine admirala sa Korduna". 2020-10-07. Archived from the original on 2020-10-07. Retrieved 2020-10-07.
- ^ a b c "Socialist Yugoslavia: Naval rank flags (1956-1991)". fotw.info. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Udruga VeDRa". Facebook. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "Načelniku Glavnog stožera Hranju dodijeljen čin admirala pomorstva". MORH (in Croatian). 2020-03-11. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Komodor Robert Hranj spašavat će HRM od potopa". 057info. 2012-11-05. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Hrvatski biografski leksikon". hbl.lzmk.hr. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Лички адмирали – Удружење Госпићана "Никола Тесла", Београд" (in Serbian). Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ^ "VIDEO/28. OBLJETNICA OSNUTKA 'Hrvatska ratna mornarica imala je veliku ulogu u obrani Dubrovnika'". DuList.hr (in Croatian). 2019-09-20. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Održana komemoracija kontraadmiralu Tihomiru Ercegu". MORH (in Croatian). 2019-03-11. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "ARHiNET - Luterotti, Julijan". arhinet.arhiv.hr. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ Catalogue description Appointment of Rear-Admiral Luterotti as Commander-in-Chief of Yugoslav Navy. Code 92... 1941.
- ^ "Hrvatski biografski leksikon". hbl.lzmk.hr. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ Dokumentation, Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon und biographische (2003). "Vončina, Vitus von;" (in German). Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Hrvatski biografski leksikon". hbl.lzmk.hr. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Hrvatski biografski leksikon". hbl.lzmk.hr. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Tsingtau - historisch-biographisches Projekt". www.tsingtau.info. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
- ^ "Služba u Hrvatskoj vojsci", Hrvatski narod 122, 16/6/1941
- ^ SUDBINA PRIPADNIKA KOMANDNOG SASTAVA VOJSKE KRALJEVINE JUGOSLAVIJE
- ^ Strauss, Heinz (2017-07-21). K.u.k Linienschiffsleutnant Otto Bielobradek-Bernau: Ein sicher navigierender Torpedobootskommandant in turbulenten Zeiten (in German). Pro Business. ISBN 978-3-86460-693-9.
- Croatian admirals
- Lists of Croatian military personnel
- Lists of admirals
- Maritime history of Croatia