List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire

List of the main battles in the history of the Ottoman Empire are shown below. The life span of the empire was more than six centuries, and the maximum territorial extent, at the zenith of its power in the second half of the 16th century, stretched from central Europe to the Persian Gulf and from the Caspian Sea to North Africa. The number of battles the empire fought is quite high. But here only the more important battles are listed. Among these, the battles fought in the 20th century (Turco-Italian War, Balkan Wars, and World War I ) as well as the sieges (like the sieges of Constantinople, Cairo, Belgrade, Bagdad, etc.) which most lists include as battles are not shown except in cases where the siege is followed by a battle (i.e. Vienna, Khotyn, Plevna).^[1]^[2]

List of battles[]

Europe

Asia

Africa

Sea

(Color legend for the location of the battle)

Year	Battle	Opponent
1302	Bapheus	Byzantine Empire
1303	Dimbos	Byzantine Empire
1326	Bursa	Byzantine Empire
1329	Pelekanon	Byzantine Empire
1331	Nicaea	Byzantine Empire
1337	Nicomedia	Byzantine Empire
1337	Demotika	Byzantine Empire, Serbian Empire
1354	Gallipoli	Byzantine Empire
1355	Ihtiman	Bulgarian Empire
1364	near Adrianople	Serbian Empire
1369	Adrianople	Byzantine Empire
1371	Maritsa	Serbian Empire
1381	Dubrovnica	Moravian Serbia
1385	Sofia	Bulgarian Empire
1385	Savra	Zeta under the Balšići
1386	Pločnik	Moravian Serbia
1388	Bileca	Kingdom of Bosnia
1389	Kosovo	Moravian Serbia, District of Branković Kingdom of Bosnia, Knights Hospitaller
1390	Philadelphia	Byzantine Empire
1391 (or 1392)	Kırkdilim	Kadi Burhan al-Din
1393	Tarnovo	Bulgarian Empire
1395	Rovine	Wallachia (South Romania)
1396	Nicopolis	Crusades^{[dn 1]} (Hungary, France, Knights Hospitaller, Venice)
1402	Ankara	Timurid Empire
1402	Tripolje	Serbian Despotate
1403	Ulubad	Civil war between Mehmed Çelebi and İsa Çelebi
1403	Kosmidion	Civil war between Süleyman Çelebi and İsa Çelebi
1410	Kosmidion	Byzantine Empire
1411	Constantinople	Byzantine Empire
1411 (or 1412)	İnceğiz	Civil war between Mehmed Çelebi and Musa Çelebi
1413	Çamurlu	Civil war between Mehmed Çelebi and Musa Çelebi
1416	Gallipoli	Venice
1422	Constantinople	Byzantine Empire
1428	Golubac	Kingdom of Hungary, Wallachia, Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1430	Thessalonica	Byzantine Empire
1440	Belgrade	Kingdom of Hungary, Serbian Despotate
1441	Novo Brdo	Serbian Despotate, Republic of Ragusa
1442	Sântimbru and Sibiu	Kingdom of Hungary
1443	Nish	Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Poland, Serbian Despotate
1443	Zlatitsa	Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Poland, Serbian Despotate
1444	Kunovica	Crusades (Hungary, Serbia, Poland)
1444	Torvioll	Albania
1444	Varna	Crusades (Hungary, Poland and many others)
1445	Mokra	Albania
1446	Otonetë	Albania
1448	Svetigrad	League of Lezhë
1448	Oranik	League of Lezhë
1448	Second Kosovo	Hungary, Wallacia
1450	Krujë	League of Lezhë
1450	Polog	Albania
1453	Constantinople	Byzantine Empire
1454	Leskovac	Serbian Despotate
1454	Kruševac	Serbian Despotate, Kingdom of Hungary
1455	Berat	Albania
1456	Oranik	Albania
1456	Belgrade	Kingdom of Hungary, Serbian Despotate
1457	Ujëbardha	Albania
1462	Targoviste	Wallachia
1461	Trebizond	Empire of Trebizond
1462	Mokra	Albania
1463	Jajce Fortress)	Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Croatia, Republic of Venice
1464	Jajce Fortress)	Kingdom of Hungary
1464	Ohrid	Albania
1465	Vaikal	Albania
1465	Meçad	Albania
1467	Krujë	Albania
1467	Krujë	Albania
1473	Otlukbeli	Ak Koyunlu Turkmens
1474	Shkodra	Republic of Venice, Principality of Zeta
1475	Crimea	Principality of Theodoro, Republic of Genoa
1475	Vaslui	Moldavia (North Romania)
1476	Valea Alba	Moldavia
1478	Krujë	Republic of Venice, Albania
1478	Shkodra	Republic of Venice
1479	Câmpul Pâinii	Kingdom of Hungary, Serbia
1474	Shkodra	Republic of Venice, Lordship of Zeta
1480	Otranto	Kingdom of Naples, Hungary, Aragon
1483	Novi Grad	Kingdom of Croatia
1485	Adana	Mamluk Sultanate
1485	Chilia	Moldavia
1491	Lika	Kingdom of Croatia
1493	Krbava	Croatia
1497	Chernivtsi Oblast	Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)
1499	Zonchio	Republic of Venice
1500	Modon	Republic of Venice
1500	Cephalonia	Republic of Venice
1513	Dubica	Croatia, Kingdom of Hungary
1514	Chaldiran	Safavid Persia
1515	Turnadağ	Beylik of Dulkadir
1516	Marj Dabiq	Mamluk Egypt
1516	Yaunis Khan	Mamluk Egypt
1517	Siege of Cairo	Mamluk Egypt
1518	Jajce	Kingdom of Croatia
1521	Belgrade	Kingdom of Hungary
1522	Knin	Croatia
1522	Rhodes	Knights Hospitallers
1526	Mohács	Kingdom of Hungary
1528	Hungary	Habsburg Austria, Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of Croatia, , Rascians
1528	Hungary	Habsburg Austria, Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of Croatia,
1529	Formentera	Spanish Empire
1529	Algiers	Spanish Empire
1529	Siege of Vienna	Holy Roman Empire
1529	Formentera	Holy Roman Empire
1532	Kőszeg	Kingdom of Croatia
1532	Leobersdorf	Habsburg Monarchy, Kingdom of Hungary
1534	Baghdad	Safavid Persia
1534	Tunis	Hafsid dynasty
1535	Tunis	Habsburg Monarchy, Hafsid dynasty, Republic of Genoa Kingdom of Portugal, Papal States, Knights of Malta
1537	Fortress of Klis	Kingdom of Croatia
1537	Corfu	Republic of Venice
1537	Gorjani	Holy Roman Empire
1538	Preveza	Papal Holy League
1539	Herceg Novi	Spanish Empire
1540	Battle of Girolata	Genoa, Spain
1541	Siege of Buda	Holy Roman Empire
1541	Algiers	Habsburg Monarchy, Order of Saint John, Republic of Genoa, Papal States, Kingdom of Kuku
1542	Buda	Holy Roman Empire
1543	Esztergom	Holy Roman Empire
1543	Nice	Holy Roman Empire and Republic of Genoa
1545	Sokhoista	Kingdom of Imereti, Kingdom of Kartli, Principality of Guria
1548	Van	Safavid Persia
1551	Siege of Gozo	Order of Saint John
1551	Siege of Tripoli	Order of Saint John
1552	Ponza	Republic of Genoa
1552	Temesvár	Habsburg Monarchy
1552	Eger	Hungary
1552	Muscat	Portugal
1553	Corsica	Republic of Genoa
1553	First Battle of Kalaa of the Beni Abbes (1553)	Kingdom of Beni Abbas	1554	Conquest of Fez	Saadi Sultanate
1588	Wadi al-Laban	Saadi Sultanate
1558	Mostaganem	Spanish Empire
1560	Battle of Djerba	Holy Roman Empire, Republic of Genoa, Papal states, Knights of Malta
1561	Brest Pokupski	Kingdom of Croatia
1565	Great Siege of Malta	Order of Saint John
1565	Bosanska Krupa	Kingdom of Croatia
1565	Ivanić-Grad	Kingdom of Croatia
1566		Kingdom of Croatia, Kingdom of Hungary
1566	Szigetvár	Kingdom of Croatia, Kingdom of Hungary
1570	Nicosia	Republic of Venice
1570	Famagusta	Republic of Venice
1571	Lepanto	Holy League (Holy Roman Empire, Republic of Venice, Republic of Genoa, Papal states, Knights of Malta)
1574	Tunis	Spanish Empire
1576	Capture of Fez	Morocco
1578	Gvozdansko Castle	Kingdom of Croatia
1578	Ksar el Kebir	Portugal
1578	Çıldır	Safavid Persia
1578		Safavid Persia
1583	Torches^{[dn 2]}	Safavid Persia
1584	Slunj	Kingdom of Croatia
1592	Bihać	Kingdom of Croatia
1592	Brest Pokupski	Kingdom of Croatia
1593	Sisak	Holy Roman Empire, Croatia
1595	Călugăreni	Wallachia
1595	Giurgiu	Transylvania, Wallachia, Moldavia, Holy Roman Empire
1596	Brest Pokupski	Kingdom of Croatia
1596	Eger	Habsburg Monarchy
1596	Keresztes	Habsburg Monarchy
1599	Șelimbăr	Wallachia
1601	Nagykanizsa	Holy Roman and many more
1601	Guruslău	Habsburg Monarchy
1603	Brașov	Wallachia
1603	Tabriz	Safavid Persia
1604	Urmia	Safavid Persia
1605	Sufiyan	Safavid Persia
1609	Tashiskari	Kingdom of Imereti
1620	Tutora	Poland–Lithuania, Moldavia
1621	Khotyn (1621)	Poland–Lithuania
1627	Baghdad	Safavid Persia
1630		Safavid Persia
1649	Focchies	Venice
1654	Perast	Republic of Venice
1654	Dardanelles (1654)	Venice
1655	Dardanelles (1655)	Venice
1656	Dardanelles (1656)	Venice
1657	Dardanelles (1657)	Venice
1663	Köbölkút	Holy Roman Empire
1663	Érsekújvár	Holy Roman Empire
1663	Zrínyiújvár	Kingdom of Croatia, Kingdom of Hungary
1663	Zrínyiújvár	Kingdom of Croatia, Kingdom of Hungary
1664	Siege of Novi Zrin	Habsburg Monarchy, Kingdom of Croatia, Kingdom of Hungary, League of the Rhine
1664	Léva	Holy Roman Empire
1664	Battle of Saint Gotthard	France, Holy Roman Empire
1664	Candia	Republic of Venice, Knights of Malta, France
1673	Khotyn (1673)	Poland–Lithuania
1683	Siege of Vienna	Holy Roman Empire, Poland–Lithuania
1683	Párkány	Holy Roman Empire
1684	Vác	Holy Roman Empire
1684	Buda	Holy Roman Empire
1684	Lefkada	Republic of Venice
1685	Érsekújvár	Holy Roman Empire
1685	Eperjes	Holy Roman Empire
1685	Kassa	Holy Roman Empire
1686	Battle of Buda	Holy League, Christian Coalition
1686	Pécs	Holy Roman Empire
1687	Second Battle of Mohács	Holy Roman Empire
1687	Crimea	Tsardom of Russia
1687	Crimea	Tsardom of Russia
1688	Chalkis	Republic of Venice
1688	Belgrade	Holy Roman Empire, Bavaria
1688	Batočina	Holy Roman Empire
1689	Niš	Holy Roman Empire
1690	Zernest	Holy Roman Empire, Transylvania
1690	Mytilene	Republic of Venice
1690	Belgrade	Holy Roman Empire
1691	Slankamen	Holy Roman Empire
1694	Ustechko	Poland–Lithuania
1695	Oinousses Islands	Venice
1695	Azov	Tsardom of Russia
1695	Lugos	Holy Roman Empire
1696	Azov	Tsardom of Russia
1696	Andros	Venice
1696	Cenei	Holy Roman Empire
1697	Ulaş	Holy Roman Empire
1697	Zenta	Holy Roman Empire
1698	Podhajce	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1698	Samothrace	Venice
1711	Pruth River	Russian Empire
1716	Petrovaradin	Holy Roman Empire
1717	Belgrade	Holy Roman Empire
1717	Imbros	Venice
1717	Matapan	Venice, Portugal, Knights of Malta, Papal States
1726		Hotaki Empire
1733	Kirkuk	Safavid Persia
1735	Yeghevard	Safavid Persia
1737	Banja Luka	Holy Roman Empire
1739	Grocka	Holy Roman Empire
1739	Stavuchany	Russian Empire
1745	Kars	Afsharid Persia
1757	Khresili	Kingdom of Imereti
1770	Aspindza	Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti
1770	Chesma	Russian Empire
1770	Larga	Russian Empire
1770	Kagul	Russian Empire
1774	Kozluca	Russian Empire
1774	Kerch	Russian Empire
1775	Algiers	Spanish Empire
1776		Zand Persia
1789	Sebeş	Holy Roman Empire
1789	Fokşani	Holy Roman Empire, Russian Empire
1789	Rymnik	Holy Roman Empire, Russian Empire
1790	Kerch	Russian Empire
1791	Kaliakra	Russian Empire
1798	Pyramids	France
1799	Acre	France
1799	Abukir	France
1805	Derne	United States
1805	Ivankovac	Serbian rebels
1806	Mišar	Serbian rebels
1806	Deligrad	Serbian rebels
1807	Dardanelles (1807)	United Kingdom
1807	Alexandria	United Kingdom
1807	Arpachai	Russian Empire
1807	Athos	Russian Empire
1809	Čegar	Serbian rebels
1810	Batin	Russian Empire
1812	Al Safra	Emirate of Diriyah
1813	Jeddah	Emirate of Diriyah
1815	Ljubić	Serbian rebels
1821	Alamana	Greek rebels
1821	Dragashani	Greek rebels
1821	Erzurum	Qajar Persia
1822	Dervenakia	Greek rebels
1822	Nauplia	Greek rebels
1822	Chios	Greek rebels
1825	Gerontas	Greek rebels
1827	Kamatero	Greek rebels
1827	Navarino	Russian Empire, United Kingdom, France
1829	Kulevicha	Russian Empire
1830	Algiers	France
1831	Third Kosovo	Bosnia (revolters)
1839	Konya	Egypt (revolters)
1839	Nizib	Egypt (revolters)
1840	Acre	Egypt(revolters)
1853	Oltenitza	Russian Empire
1853	Sinop	Russian Empire
1854	Silistra	Russian Empire
1854	Kurekdere	Russian Empire
1855	Eupatoria	Russian Empire
1877	Kızıl Tepe	Russian Empire
1877	Plevna	Russian Empire, Romania, Bulgaria (revolters)
1877	Shipka	Russian Empire, Bulgaria (revolters)
1877	Taşkesen	Russian Empire
1878	Plevna	Russian Empire
1878	Mouzaki	Greece
1880	Ulqin	Albanian Irregulars
1881	Tunisia	France
1893	Al Wajbah	Qatar
1897	Velestino	Greece
1897	Domokos	Greece
1911	Tobruk	Italy
1912	Kunfuda	Italy
1912	Beirut	Italy
1912	Sarantaporo	Greece
1912	Yenidje	Greece
1912	Kırkkilise	Bulgaria
1912	Burgos	Bulgaria
1912	Çatalca	Bulgaria
1912–1913	Scutari	Montenegro, Serbia
1912–1913	Adrianople	Bulgaria
1912	Prilep	Serbia
1912	Sorovich	Greece
1912	Monastir	Serbia
1912	Dardanelles (1912)	Greece
1913	Lemnos	Greece
1913	Bizani	Greece
1914	Zeitun	Armenian Militia
1914	Black Sea Raid	Russian Empire
1914	Bergmann Offensive	Russian Empire
1914	Al-Faw	British Empire
1914	Basra	British Empire
1914	Qurna	British Empire
1914	Sarikamish	Russian Empire
1914–1915	Ardahan	Russian Empire
1915	Suez Canal	British Empire
1915–1916	Gallipoli	British Empire, France
1915	Dilman	Russian Empire
1915	Van	Armenian Militia
1915	Zeitun	Armenian Militia
1915	Musa Dagh Resistance	Armenian Militia
1915	Şebinkarahisar	Armenian Militia
1915	Malazgirt	Russian Empire
1915	Kara Killisse	Russian Empire
1915	Battle of Es Sinn	British Empire
1915	Urfa Resistance	Armenian Militia
1915	Ctesiphon	British Empire
1915		British Empire
1915	Kut	British Empire
1916	Battle of Sheikh Sa'ad	British Empire
1916	Erzurum	Russian Empire
1916	Battle of Koprukoy	Russian Empire
1916	Battle of Wadi	British Empire
1916	Battle of Hanna	British Empire
1916	Trabzon	Russian Empire
1916	Battle of Dujaila	British Empire
1916	Bir el Jifjafa	British Empire
1916	Katia	British Empire
1916	Mecca	Hejazi Rebels
1916	Ta'if	Hejazi Rebels
1916–1919	Medina	Hejazi Rebels
1916	Bitlis	Russian Empire
1916	Erzincan	Russian Empire
1916	Battle of Romani	British Empire
1916	Bir al-Abed	British Empire
1916–1917	Yanbu	Hejazi Rebels
1916	Battle of Magdhaba	British Empire
1917	Battle of Rafa	British Empire
1917	Hasna	British Empire
1917	Kut	British Empire
1917	Raid on Nekhl	British Empire
1917	Tell 'Asur	British Empire
1917	Baghdad	British Empire
1917		British Empire
1917	Mount Hamrin	British Empire
1917	First Battle of Gaza	British Empire
1917	Second Battle of Gaza	British Empire
1917	Istabulat	British Empire
1917	Stalemate in Southern Palestine	British Empire
1917	Aqaba	Hejazi rebels
1917	Ramadi	British Empire
1917	Wadi Musa	Hejazi Rebels
1917		Hejazi Rebels
1917	Tze'elim	British Empire
1917	Beersheba	British Empire
1917	Third Battle of Gaza	British Empire
1917	Battle of Tel el Khuweilfe	British Empire
1917	Battle of Hareira and Sheria	British Empire
1917	Wadi el Hesi	British Empire
1917	Huj	British Empire
1917	Battle of Mughar Ridge	British Empire
1917	Ayun Kara	British Empire
1917	Jerusalem	British Empire
1917	Nebi Samwil	British Empire
1917	Battle of El Burj	British Empire
1917	Jaffa	British Empire
1918	Jericho	British Empire
1918	Hijla	British Empire
1918	Transjordan	British Empire
1918	Khan al Baghdadi	British Empire
1918	Transjordan	British Empire
1918	Sardarabad	Armenia
1918	Bash Abaran	Armenia
1918	Vanadzor	Armenia
1918	Apollonia–Arsuf	British Empire
1918	German Caucasus Expedition	Russian SFSR
1918	Battle of Abu Tellul	British Empire
1918	Baku	Baku Commune
1918	Transjordan	British Empire
1918	Wadi Ara	France, British Empire
1918	Tabsor	British Empire
1918	Irbid	British Empire
1918	Damascus	Hejazi Rebels, British Empire
1918	Battle of Jisr Benat Yakub	British Empire
1918	Kaukab	British Empire
1918	Kiswe	British Empire, Hejazi Rebels
1918	Khan Ayash	British Empire
1918	Battle of Sharqat	British Empire
1918	Aleppo	British Empire
1918	Haritan	British Empire
1919–1920	Revolt of Ahmet Anzavur	Turkish National Movement
1920	Geyve	Grand National Assembly
1920	Greek Summer Offensive	Grand National Assembly

The sultans of the Ottoman Empire participated in some of the battles listed above. For those battles see List of the Ottoman battles in which the sultan participated

Notes[]

^ In most Ottoman European battles troops from many countries fought against Ottomans. Here, only the major opponents are listed.
^ The battle continued during the night, both sides using torches. Hence the name

References[]

^ Nicolae Jorga: Geschiste des osmanischen , trans. by Nilüfer Epçeli, Yeditepe Yayınları, İstanbul, 2009, ISBN 975-6480-17-3^{[page needed]}
^ Prof.Dr.Yaşar Yücel-Prof.Dr.Ali Sevim: Türkiye Tarihi II, III, IV, AKDTYK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1990,^{[page needed]}

[3] In most Ottoman European battles troops from many countries fought against Ottomans. Here, only the major opponents are listed.

[4] The battle continued during the night, both sides using torches. Hence the name

[1] Nicolae Jorga: Geschiste des osmanischen , trans. by Nilüfer Epçeli, Yeditepe Yayınları, İstanbul, 2009, ISBN 975-6480-17-3^{[page needed]}

[2] Prof.Dr.Yaşar Yücel-Prof.Dr.Ali Sevim: Türkiye Tarihi II, III, IV, AKDTYK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1990,^{[page needed]}

[1]

[2]

[dn 1]

[dn 2]

List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire

Contents

List of battles[]

See also[]

Notes[]

References[]

Part of a series on the
Military of the Ottoman Empire

Classical army (1451–1826) Kapıkulu (Janissaries · Six Divisions of Cavalry) · Sipahi · Voynuks Yamaks · Dervendjis · Sekban · Akinji · Azap · Levend · Timariots · Yaya · Humbaracı · Bashi-bazouk · Deli
Reform period Nizam-i Djedid · Sekban-i Djedid · Auspicious Incident · Mansure Army · Hamidieh
Modern army (1861–1922) Modern Army
Navy Imperial Arsenal · Ships · Kapudan Pashas · Naval battles
Aviation Vecihi Hürkuş Ahmet Ali Çelikten
Conflicts European (Byzantine · Bulgarian · Serbian · Moldavian · Hungarian · Venetian · Albanian · Croatian · Polish · Portuguese · Habsburg · Russian) Near East (Persian) Asia Africa Indian Ocean Sieges and landings
Conscription
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