List of burials and memorials in the Annunciation Church of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra

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The exterior of the Annunciation Church of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra

The Annunciation Church of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra (Russian: Благовещенская церковь Александро-Невской лавры) is a historic church in the centre of Saint Petersburg. It is part of the monastic complex of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra and contains a large number of burials dating back to the founding of the city, as well as monuments and memorials to notable figures that were brought to the church from other locations during the Soviet period.

Design and construction[]

Construction of the church, designed by Domenico Trezzini, began in 1717.[1] It was initially planned that the ground floor would house the monastery's refectory, but this was altered to instead create a burial space for members of the royal family and prominent dignitaries.[1] As completed the building contained two churches.[2] The upper, dedicated to Saint Alexander Nevsky and used to hold his relics on their arrival into the city, was consecrated in 1724.[3] The lower, dedicated to the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary, was consecrated in 1725.[2] Underneath the building was a burial vault constructed in 1720.[3]

Imperial burials[]

Gravemarkers of the Romanov family members

The first interment was that of Tsarina Praskovia Saltykova, the wife of Tsar Ivan V, on 24 October 1723.[1] On Peter's orders the remains of his sister, Natalya Alexeyevna, and his infant son Peter Petrovich, who had originally been buried in the monastery's Lazarevsky Church, were transferred to the burial vault.[1] Several other members of the imperial family were later buried in the church, including those who had lost their positions through palace coups. Among them were Anna Leopoldovna, mother of Tsar Ivan VI and regent during her son's brief reign; and Emperor Peter III who was deposed and killed in a palace coup that brought his wife to the throne as Empress Catherine II.[1] Peter III was quietly interred in the church in July 1762, thus denying him burial in the traditional resting place of the post-Peter the Great rulers, the Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral. Peter III's remains were later removed from the church and reburied in the Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral on the orders of his son when he ascended to the throne as Paul I.[1] Other members of the imperial family buried in the church include Catherine Ivanovna, Peter the Great's niece; Natalia Alexeievna, Paul I's first wife; and several children who died in infancy, including two daughters of Emperor Alexander I and Elizabeth Alexeievna; Olga Pavlovna, daughter of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna.[4][2]

Those with close connections to the imperial court were also buried here. Among them were courtiers Yevdokiya Yusupova, Anastasiya Trubetskaya, and Anna Matyushkina; as well as Alexei Razumovsky, lover and rumoured husband of Empress Elizabeth; and Maria Rumyantseva, mistress of Peter the Great.[2][5] Members of several important noble families were also buried here, including the Shuvalovs, Betskoys, Vyazemskys, Naryshkins, and Yusupovs. On 12 May 1800 the hero of the French Revolutionary Wars Generalissimo Alexander Suvorov was buried in the church, under a white marble slab with the simple inscription, chosen by the Generalissimo himself, "Here lies Suvorov".[1][2] An extension along the south-eastern part of the church was built in 1783, which came to house the family monuments of several noble houses, including the Shuvalovs, Betskoys, Vyazemskys and Naryshkins.[1] A small sacristy was attached to the eastern side of the church, which later housed the Yusupov family's monuments.[1] In the 1860s the Yakunchikov family had a small crypt built in the church's north-western corner, and in 1871 P. D. Sokhansky built a marble tomb for the Bobrinsky family under the staircase annex.[3]

Soviet museum[]

The lower church, the grave of Alexander Suvorov at left

Closed in 1933, the church was divided between office space and the forerunner of the  [ru] during the early Soviet period.[3][1] During this period some of the funerary monuments from the Lavra's Nikolo-Fyodorovskaya and Isidorovskaya churches, which had been closed in 1931, were moved to the lower Annunciation Church.[2][1] In 1940 the entire building was transferred to the State Museum of Urban Sculpture.[1] The memorials of Napoleonic military leaders Mikhail Miloradovich and Dmitry Senyavin were placed in the church after the closure of the Dukhovskaya Church, while those of Ivan Lazarev and Gerasim Lebedev were brought from other locations as part of a general clearing of cemeteries and the concentration of funerary monuments into centralised museum necropolises.[6][7][8][9] In other instances parts of memorials, such as plaques and reliefs from the monuments of Alexei Turchaninov and Anna Vorontsova in the Lavra's Lazarevskoe Cemetery were installed in the church.[10][11] In the case of sculptor Mikhail Kozlovsky, his monument was transferred from the Smolensky Cemetery to the Lazarevskoe in 1931, with some of the reliefs installed in the Annunciation Church.[12]

On 15 May 1950 the building opened as a museum display of historic funerary monuments under the auspices of the State Museum of Urban Sculpture.[1][2] On 7 April 2013, the 300th anniversary of the monastery, it was announced that the Annunciation Church would be returned to the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.[1] The return of the church to the monastery authorities has however been complicated by questions around the ownership of the memorials.[13][14]

Originally buried in the church[]

House of Romanov[]

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Anna Leopoldovna by L.Caravaque (after 1733, Tropinin museum).jpg Anna Leopoldovna 1718 1746 Daughter of Tsarevna Catherine Ivanovna, mother of Emperor Ivan VI, regent of Russia. Anna Leopoldovna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [15]
 [ru] 1757 1759 Daughter of Grand Duke Peter Fedorovich, the future Emperor Peter III, and Grand Duchess Yekaterina Alekseyevna, the future Empress Catherine the Great. Anna Petrovna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [16]
Catherine Ioannovna of Russia duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.jpg Catherine Ivanovna 1691 1733 Daughter of Tsar Ivan V and Praskovia Saltykova, eldest sister of Empress Anna of Russia, niece of Peter the Great, Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Ekaterina Ioannovna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [17]
Natalia Alexeevna by I.Nikitin (before 1716, GTG).jpg Natalya Alexeyevna 1673 1716 Daughter of Tsar Alexis and Natalya Naryshkina, sister of Peter the Great. Originally buried in the Lazarevskoe Church in 1717, reburied in the Annunciation Church in 1723. Tsarevna Natalia Alexeevna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [18]
Natalia Alexeievna of Russia by A.Roslin (1776, Hermitage).jpg Natalya Alexeyevna 1755 1776 Wife of Tsarevich Paul Petrovich, the future Tsar Paul I, daughter in law of Empress Catherine the Great. Grand Duchess Natalia Alexeevna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [19]
Peter III by anonymous after Rokotov (Hermitage).jpg Peter III 1728 1762 Emperor of Russia, son of Anna Petrovna and grandson of Peter the Great. Wife of Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, who succeeded him as Catherine the Great. Remains transferred to the Peter and Paul Cathedral in 1796. [20]
Praskovia Saltykova by I.Nikitin (18th c., Sergiev Posad).jpg Praskovia Saltykova 1664 1723 Wife of Tsar Ivan V, mother of Empress Anna of Russia. Praskovya Saltykova's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [21]
Elizabeth Alexandrovna 1806 1808 Daughter of Emperor Alexander I and Elizabeth Alexeievna. Elizaveta Alexandrovna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [22]
Maria Alexandrovna 1799 1800 Daughter of Emperor Alexander I and Elizabeth Alexeievna. Maria Alexandrovna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [23]
Olga Pavlovna.jpg Olga Pavlovna 1792 1795 Daughter of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna. Olga Pavlovna's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [24]
Peter Petrovich as Cupid by anonim after Caravaque (19 c., Hermitage).jpg  [ru] 1715 1719 Son of Peter the Great and Ekaterina Alekseyevna. Originally buried in the Lazarevskoe Church in 1719, reburied in the Annunciation Church in 1725. Petr Petrovich's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [25]

Georgian royalty[]

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Vakhtang-Almaskhan, Prince of Georgia 02.jpg Vakhtang 1761 1814 Son of King Heraclius II and Queen Darejan Dadiani. Vakhtang Iraklievich and Darya Georgievna of Georgia's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [26]
Darejan, wife of Erekle II of Georgia (18th century).jpg Darejan Dadiani 1738 1807 Queen Consort of King Heraclius II. Vakhtang Iraklievich and Darya Georgievna of Georgia's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [27]

Orthodox clergy[]

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Vasilije petrovic.jpg Vasilije Petrović 1709 1766 Metropolitan bishop of Cetinje, Prince-Bishop of Montenegro. Metropolitan Vasiliy Petrovich of Montenegro's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [28]

Nobility[]

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Betskoy Ivan Ivanovich.jpg Ivan Betskoy 1704 1795 School reformer, advisor on education, President of the Imperial Academy of Arts, architect of Russia's first unified system of public education. Ivan Betskoy's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.jpg [29]
A.A. Bezborodko after Lampi (ca. 1800, Hillwood).jpg Alexander Bezborodko 1747 1799 Grand Chancellor of Russia, chief architect of Catherine the Great's foreign policy. Alexandr Bezborodko's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 03 by shakko.JPG [30]
Portrait of Yakov Alexandrovich Bruce by Pompeo Batoni, 1782, Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts.jpg James Bruce 1732 1791 General, Commander of the Finland Division, Governor-General of Moscow and Saint Petersburg Governorate. Grave lost. [31]
Chernyshov Ivan Grigoryevich.jpg Ivan Chernyshyov 1726 1797 Diplomat, military leader, Field Marshal and General Admiral, Chief Plenipotentiary in London, Vice-President of the Admiralty. Ivan Grigoryevich Chernyshev's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [32]
Mihail Dolgorukov by Rockstuhl.jpg Mikhail Dolgorukov 1780 1808 Military leader, general. Finnish War, Battle of Virta Bridge. Mikhail Petrovich Dolgorukov's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [33]
Dolgorukov Peter.jpg Peter Dolgorukov 1777 1806 Military leader, general. Napoleonic Wars. Petr Petrovich Dolgorukov's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [34]
Dolgorukov Vasily Vladimirovich.jpg Vasily Dolgorukov c. 1667 1746 Military leader and politician, Field Marshal, member of the Supreme Privy Council, president of the College of War. Grave lost. [35]
RusPortraits v3-173 Kniaz' Aleksandr Mikhailovich Golitsyn, 1718-1783.jpg Alexander Golitsyn 1718 1783 Field marshal, governor of Saint Petersburg, Seven Years' War, Russo-Turkish War Alexandr Golytsyn's tombstone by F.Gordeev, Blagoveschenskaya church 02 by shakko.jpg [36]
Anna Matyushkina.jpg Anna Matyushkina 1722 1804 Maid of honour to Elizabeth of Russia, lady in waiting to Empress Catherine the Great, chief lady in waiting to Empress Maria Feodorovna. Anna Matyushkina's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.jpg [37]
Naryshkin Lev Alexandrovich.jpg Lev Naryshkin 1785 1846 Military leader, general, Napoleonic Wars. [35]
Catherine Orlova 01.jpg Ekaterina Orlova 1785 1846 Courtier, lady in waiting to Empress Catherine the Great, wife of Grigory Orlov. Ekaterina Nikolaevna Orlova (Zinovyeva)'s grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [38]
Alexandre Roslin, Portrait du comte N.I. Panine (1777).jpg Nikita Panin 1718 1783 Statesman, political mentor to Catherine the Great, Northern Alliance. Nikita Iv. Panin's tombstone by I.Martos, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.jpg [39]
Tatiana Potemkina.jpg Tatiana Potemkina 1797 1869 Noblewoman, philanthropist. Daughter of Boris Golitsyn wife of Alexandr Potemkin. Funded restoration of Sviatohirsk Lavra. Grave lost. [35]
Alexei Grigorievich Razumovskiy.PNG Alexei Razumovsky 1709 1771 Registered Cossack, lover and rumoured husband of Empress Elizabeth of Russia. Razumovskiy and Kurakina's tombstones, Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [40]
Antropov Rumyantseva.jpg Maria Rumyantseva 1699 1788 Lady in waiting, royal mistress of Peter the Great. Grave lost. [41]
Ivan Shuvalov by F.Rokotov (1760, Hermitage).jpg Ivan Shuvalov 1727 1797 Russian Enlightenment, first Russian Minister of Education. Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [42]
Joseph Kreutzinger - Portrait of Count Alexander Suvorov - WGA12281.jpg Alexander Suvorov 1730 1800 Military leader, Generalissimo, Seven Years' War, Bar Confederation, Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774, Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792, French Revolutionary Wars. Suvorov Grave Down.JPG [43]
Roslin Anastasia Ivanovna, Hereditary Princess of Hesse-Homburg, Princess Trubetskaya.jpg Anastasiya Trubetskaya 1700 1755 Noblewoman, courtier, princess of Moldavia and landgravine of Hesse-Homburg, honorary member of the Imperial Russian family. Lady in waiting to Empress Elizabeth, noted philanthropist. Anastasiya Ivanovna of Hessen-Homburg (Trubetskaya)'s grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [44]
Sava Vladislavic Raguzinski.jpeg Sava Vladislavich 1669 1738 Merchant-adventurer and diplomat in the employ of Peter the Great. Treaty of Kiakhta. Savva Lukich Raguzinskiy-Vladislavich's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [35]
Viazemskij Aleksandr Alekseevich.jpg Alexander Vyazemsky 1727 1793 Prosecutor General of the Senate. Alexandr Alexeevich Vyazemskiy's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [45]
Павел Иванович Ягужинский (Ягушинский).jpg Pavel Yaguzhinsky 1683 1736 Statesman and diplomat, associate of Peter the Great, Chamberlain, Ober-Stallmeister, General-in-chief, Attorney General. Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinskiy's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [46]
Evdokija Borisovna Jusupova duchess of Courland.jpg Yevdokiya Yusupova 1743 1780 Courtier, Duchess consort of Courland. [35]

Memorials transferred from other sites during the Soviet period[]

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
David Bagrationi.JPG David 1767 1819 Georgian prince, writer and scholar, regent of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti. Monument transferred from the Feodorovskaya Church in 1930. David and Teymuraz Georgievich of Georgia's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.jpg [47]
M kozlovsky.jpg Mikhail Kozlovsky 1753 1802 Sculptor, teacher, Professor of the Imperial Academy of Arts, Russian classicism. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, monument and remains transferred to the Lazarevskoe Cemetery in 1931, with part of relief to the Annunciation Church. Mikhail Kozlovskiy's tombstone by Demut-Malinovski (1803, Blagoveschenskaya church) 01 by shakko.JPG [48]
Ivan Lazarev by Lampi.jpg Ivan Lazarev 1735 1801 Jeweler, patron, Catherine the Great. Monument originally in the  [ru]. Ivan Lazarevich Lazarev's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [49]
Gerasim Lebedev 1749 1817 Adventurer, linguist, translator, musician and writer. Pioneer of Indology. Monument originally in the  [ru], tablet transferred in the 1930s. Gerasim Stepanovich Lebedev's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.jpg [50]
Miloradovich.jpg Mikhail Miloradovich 1771 1825 Military leader, general, Napoleonic Wars, Italian and Swiss campaigns of 1799, Governor General of Saint Petersburg, Decembrist revolt. Monument transferred from the Dukhovskaya Church in 1937. Miloradovich's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [51]
Senyavin.jpg Dmitry Senyavin 1763 1831 Military leader, admiral, Napoleonic Wars, Second Archipelago Expedition. Monument transferred from the Dukhovskaya Church in 1937. Dmitriy Nikolaevich Senyavin's grave in Blagoveschenskaya church 01 by shakko.JPG [52]
Alexei Turchaninov c. 1774 1787 Business magnate and industrialist, metallurgist, philanthropist. Originally in the Lazarevskoe Cemetery, remains and monument still in there, two bronze reliefs to the Annunciation Church. Alexey Turchaninov's tombstone (Martos) relief 01 (Blagoveschenskaya church) by shakko.JPG [53]
Anna Vorontsova by Antropov (1763, Russian museum).jpg Anna Vorontsova 1722 1775 Lady in waiting, salonist and noble, cousin of Elizabeth of Russia. Wife of Chancellor Count Mikhail Illarionovich Vorontsov. Originally in the Lazarevskoe Cemetery. Anna Karlovna Vorontsova's grave, Blagoveschenskaya church 02 by shakko.JPG [54]

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Coordinates: 59°55′22.8″N 30°23′02.4″E / 59.923000°N 30.384000°E / 59.923000; 30.384000

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