List of critically endangered molluscs
- : 13 species
- Critically endangered (CR): 581 species
- Endangered (EN): 507 species
- Vulnerable (VU): 879 species
- Near threatened (NT, LR/cd): 535 species
- Least concern (LC): 2,437 species
- Data deficient (DD): 1,988 species
Mollusc species (IUCN, 2020.1)
- 6941 extant species have been evaluated
- 4953 of those are fully assessed[a]
- 2972 are not threatened at present[b]
- 1967 to 3955 are threatened[c]
- 324 to 441 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
- 311 extinct (EX) species[d]
- 13 extinct in the wild (EW)
- 117 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
- 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
- ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
- ^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
- ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
- ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Critically Endangered (CR) species face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 581 critically endangered mollusc species, including 117 which are tagged as possibly extinct.[1][2] 8.0% of all evaluated mollusc species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists 11 mollusc subspecies as critically endangered.
No subpopulations of molluscs have been evaluated by the IUCN.
Additionally 1988 mollusc species (27% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[3] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[4]
This is a complete list of critically endangered mollusc species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species considered possibly extinct by the IUCN are marked as such.
Gastropods[]
There are 511 species and six subspecies of gastropod assessed as critically endangered.
Stylommatophora[]
Stylommatophora includes the majority of land snails and slugs. There are 233 species and five subspecies in the order Stylommatophora assessed as critically endangered.
Amastrids[]
Partulids[]
- Eua globosa (possibly extinct)
- Partula affinis
- Partula calypso
- Partula clara
- Partula emersoni
- Fat Guam partula (Partula gibba)
- Partula guamensis (possibly extinct)
- Partula langfordi
- Partula leucothoe (possibly extinct)
- Partula martensiana
- (possibly extinct)
- Partula otaheitana
- Radiolate partula (Partula radiolata)
- Moorean viviparious tree snail (Partula taeniata)
- Short Samoan tree snail (Samoana abbreviata)
- Samoana attenuata
- Samoana bellula
- Samoana burchi
- Samoana cramptoni (possibly extinct)
- Samoana decussatula
- Samoana dryas
- Samoana fragilis
- Samoana hamadryas
- Samoana meyeri
- Samoana oreas
- Samoana strigata
Achatinellids[]
- Achatinella apexfulva
- Achatinella bellula
- Achatinella bulimoides
- Achatinella byronii
- Achatinella cestus
- Achatinella concavospira
- Achatinella curta
- Achatinella decipiens
- Achatinella fulgens
- Achatinella fuscobasis
- Achatinella leucorrhaphe
- Achatinella lila
- Achatinella lorata
- Achatinella mustelina
- Achatinella phaeozona
- Achatinella pulcherrima
- Achatinella pupukanioe
- Achatinella sowerbyana
- Achatinella stewartii
- Achatinella swiftii
- Achatinella taeniolata
- Achatinella turgida
- Achatinella viridans
- Achatinella vulpina
- Gulickia alexandri
- Partulina confusa
- Partulina dubia
Endodontids[]
Species
- Aaadonta angaurana (possibly extinct)
- Aaadonta irregularis
- Aaadonta kinlochi (possibly extinct)
- Aaadonta pelewana (possibly extinct)
- Cookeconcha contorta
- Endodonta apiculata (possibly extinct)
Subspecies
- Aaadonta constricta babelthuapi
- Aaadonta constricta constricta
- Aaadonta constricta komakanensis
- Aaadonta fuscozonata depressa
- Aaadonta fuscozonata fuscozonata
Charopids[]
- Ammonite snail (Helenoconcha relicta)
- Kondoconcha othnius
- (possibly extinct)
- Mautodontha boraborensis
- Mautodontha ceuthma
- Opanara altiapica
- Opanara areaensis
- Opanara bitridentata
- Opanara caliculata
- Opanara depasoapicata
- Opanara duplicidentata
- Opanara fosbergi
- Opanara megomphala
- Opanara perahuensis
- Orangia maituatensis
- Palline notera
- Radioconus goeldi
- Rhysoconcha variumbilicata
- Ruatara koarana
- Semperdon kororensis
- Semperdon xyleborus
- Dlinza Forest pinwheel (Trachycystis clifdeni)
- Trachycystis placenta
Helicarionids[]
- (possibly extinct)
- Erepta stylodon
- Harmogenanina implicata
- Zingis radiolata (possibly extinct)
Orthalicids[]
- Bulimulus achatellinus (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus adelphus (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus adserseni
- Bulimulus chemitzioides
- Bulimulus curtus
- Bulimulus deridderi (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus duncanus (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus eos (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus eschariferus
- Bulimulus galapaganus
- Bulimulus habeli
- Bulimulus hirsutus
- Bulimulus indefatigabilis
- Bulimulus jacobi
- Bulimulus lycodus (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus ochsneri
- Bulimulus reibischi
- Bulimulus saeronius (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus sculpturatus
- Bulimulus sp. 'josevillani' (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus sp. 'krameri' (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus sp. 'nilsodhneri' (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus sp. 'tuideroyi' (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus sp. 'vanmoli' (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus tanneri (possibly extinct)
- Bulimulus wolfi
- Leuchocharis pancheri
- Lord Howe flax snail (Placostylus bivaricosus)
- (possibly extinct)
Rhytidids[]
- (possibly extinct)
- Pondoland cannibal snail (Natalina beyrichi)
- Rhytida clarki
- Rhytida oconnori
Streptaxids[]
- Conturbatia crenata (possibly extinct)
- Glabrennea silhouettensis
- Glabrennea thomasseti
- Gonospira duponti
- Gulella puzeyi
- Gulella salpinx
Lauriids[]
- Leiostyla abbreviata (possibly extinct)
- Leiostyla cassida (possibly extinct)
- Leiostyla gibba (possibly extinct)
- Leiostyla simulator (possibly extinct)
Helicids[]
- Assyriella rechingeri
- Chilostoma crombezi
- Hemicycla mascaensis
- Hemicycla modesta (possibly extinct)
- Hemicycla plicaria
- Hemicycla saulcyi
- Idiomela subplicata
- Theba arinagae
- Corsican snail (Tyrrhenaria ceratina)
Hygromiids[]
- Actinella obserata
- Caseolus subcalliferus
- Discula bulverii
- Discula lyelliana (possibly extinct)
- Discula tabellata
- Discula testudinalis
- Discula tetrica (possibly extinct)
- Geomitra delphinuloides (possibly extinct)
- Geomitra grabhami (possibly extinct)
- Ichnusomunda sacchii
- Lemniscia galeata
- Leptaxis vetusa
- (possibly extinct)
- Pyrenaearia molae
- Trochoidea pseudojacosta
- Xerosecta giustii
Enids[]
Other Stylommatophora species[]
- Bertia cambojiensis
- Cecilioides eulima
- Cerion nanus
- Draparnaudia anniae
- Draparnaudia subnecata
- Gonyostomus gonyostomus
- Helicostyla smargadina
- Banded dune snail (Helminthoglypta walkeriana)
- Hirinaba curytibana
- Magazine Mountain middle-toothed snail (Inflectarius magazinensis)
- Lampedusa melitensis
- Megalobulimus grandis
- Megalobulimus proclivis
- Fraternal snail (Micrarionta feralis)
- (possibly extinct)
- Orcula fuchsi
- Oxyloma kanabense
- Paraboysidia serpa
- Catalina mountain snail (Radiocentrum avalonense)
- (possibly extinct)
- Trochochlamys ogasawarana
- Videna pagodula
- Videna pumila
- Zilchogyra paulistana
Littorinimorpha[]
There are 181 species in the order Littorinimorpha assessed as critically endangered.
Hydrobiids[]
- (possibly extinct)
- Alzoniella iberopyrenaica
- Alzoniella marianae
- Beddomeia tumida (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Belgrandia varica (possibly extinct)
- Belgrandiella austriana
- Belgrandiella bachkovoensis
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Belgrandiella ganslmayri
- (possibly extinct)
- Belgrandiella mimula
- (possibly extinct)
- Belgrandiella parreyssii
- Belgrandiella pelerei
- Belgrandiella styriaca
- Bythinella cylindrica
- (possibly extinct)
- Bythinella gloeeri
- Bythinella markovi
- Bythinella turca
- Bythiospeum cisterciensorum
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Bythiospeum pfeifferi
- (possibly extinct)
- Bythiospeum tschapecki
- (possibly extinct)
- Caledoconcha carnosa
- Coahuilix de hubbs snail (Coahuilix hubbsi)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Fluvidona petterdi
- Graecoanatolica brevis (possibly extinct)
- Graecoanatolica conica (possibly extinct)
- Graecoanatolica vegorriticola
- Grossuana thracica
- Hadopyrgus ngataana
- Hemistomia aquilonaris
- Hemistomia crosseana
- Hemistomia gorotitei
- Hemistomia lacinia
- Hemistomia neku
- Hemistomia shostakovichi
- Hemistomia whiteleggei
- Hemistomia xaracuu
- Hemistomia yalayu
- Horatia lucidulus
- (possibly extinct)
- Iglica gratulabunda (possibly extinct)
- Iglica soussensis
- Islamia bendidis (possibly extinct)
- Islamia graeca (possibly extinct)
- Islamia hadei (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Islamia trichoniana
- (possibly extinct)
- Jardinella colmani
- (possibly extinct)
- Beaverpond marstonia (Marstonia castor)
- Ozark pyrg (Marstonia ozarkensis) (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Ohridohauffenia minuta (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Plagigeyeria tribunicae
- Potamopyrgus acus (possibly extinct)
- Potamopyrgus oppidanus
- Bruneau hot springsnail (Pyrgulopsis bruneauensis)
- Ash Meadows pebblesnail (Pyrgulopsis erythropoma)
- Socorro springsnail (Pyrgulopsis neomexicana)
- New Mexico hotspring snail (Pyrgulopsis thermalis)
- Three Forks springsnail (Pyrgulopsis trivialis)
- (Pyrgulopsis ventricosa)
- (possibly extinct)
- (Saxurinator labiatus)
- Coosa pebblesnail (Somatogyrus coosaensis)
- Stocky pebblesnail (Somatogyrus crassus) (possibly extinct)
- Tennessee pebblesnail (Somatogyrus currierianus) (possibly extinct)
- Fluted pebblesnail (Somatogyrus hendersoni) (possibly extinct)
- Atlas pebblesnail (Somatogyrus humerosus) (possibly extinct)
- Dwarf pebblesnail (Somatogyrus nanus) (possibly extinct)
- Pygmy pebblesnail (Somatogyrus pygmaeus)
- Quadrate pebblesnail (Somatogyrus quadratus)
- Rolling pebblesnail (Somatogyrus strengi)
- Opaque pebblesnail (Somatogyrus tennesseensis)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
Cochliopids[]
- Brune's tryonia (Tryonia brunei) (possibly extinct)
Bithyniids[]
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
Moitessieriids[]
- Henrigirardia wienini (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
Assimineids[]
- Kubaryia pilikia (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
Pomatiopsids[]
- Tomichia cawstoni
- Tomichia natalensis
- Tomichia tristis
Sorbeoconcha[]
- Pleurocera ampla (Elimia ampla)
- Lily Shoals elimia (Elimia annettae)
- (Elimia bellacrenata)
- Mossy elimia (Elimia troostiana) (possibly extinct)
- Plicate rocksnail (Leptoxis plicata)
- (possibly extinct)
- Melanopsis brevicula
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Corpulent hornsnail (Pleurocera corpulenta)
- Tylomelania kruimeli
Architaenioglossa[]
There are 48 species in the order Architaenioglossa assessed as critically endangered.
Cyclophorids[]
- Alycaeus balingensis
- Boucardicus fidimananai
- Boucardicus fortistriatus
- Boucardicus simplex
- (possibly extinct)
Diplommatinids[]
- Arinia boreoborneensis
- Arinia dentifera
- Arinia oviformis
- Arinia simplex
- Diplommatina alata (possibly extinct)
- Diplommatina aurea (possibly extinct)
- Diplommatina cacuminulus
- Diplommatina crassilabris
- Diplommatina gibboni (possibly extinct)
- Diplommatina madaiensis
- Diplommatina ringens
- Opisthostoma decrespignyi (possibly extinct)
- Opisthostoma fraternum
- Opisthostoma inornatum
- Opisthostoma jucundum
- Opisthostoma mirabile
- Opisthostoma otostoma (possibly extinct)
- Opisthostoma perspectivum
- Palaina albata (possibly extinct)
- Palaina moussoni
- Palaina patula (possibly extinct)
- Palaina platycheilus (possibly extinct)
- Palaina pupa (possibly extinct)
- Palaina rubella
- Palaina striolata
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Pseudopalaina polymorpha
Viviparids[]
- Bellamya liberiana
- Bellamya mweruensis
- Bellamya pagodiformis
- Margarya monodi
- Margarya yangtsunghaiensis (possibly extinct)
Other Architaenioglossa species[]
- Lanistes neritoides
- Pomacea ocanensis
- Renea bourguignatiana
Cycloneritimorpha[]
- Neritina tiassalensis (possibly extinct)
- Ogasawarana chichijimana
- Ogasawarana habei
- Ogasawarana metamorpha
- Ogasawarana rex
- Ogasawarana yoshiwarana
- Theodoxus altenai
- Theodoxus valentinus
Hygrophila[]
Species
- Australian freshwater limpet (Ancylastrum cumingianus)
- Ancylus ashangiensis
- Lantzia carinata
- Wicker ancylid (Rhodacmea filosa)
- Fat-whorled pondsnail (Stagnicola bonnevillensis)
- Thickshell pondsnail (Stagnicola utahensis) (possibly extinct)
Subspecies
Neogastropoda[]
- Conus lugubris
- Conus mordeirae
- Conus salreiensis
Other gastropod species[]
- Black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii)
- Siphonaria compressa
Bivalvia[]
There are 69 species and five subspecies in the class Bivalvia assessed as critically endangered.
Unionida[]
There are 66 species and five subspecies in the order Unionoida assessed as critically endangered.
Margaritiferids[]
Species
- Spengler's freshwater mussel (Margaritifera auricularia)
- Louisiana pearlshell (Margaritifera hembeli)
Subspecies
- Margaritifera margaritifera durrovensis
Etheriids[]
Unionids[]
Species
- Appalachian elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana)
- Fat threeridge (Amblema neislerii)
- (possibly extinct)
- Fanshell (Cyprogenia stegaria)
- Dromedary naiad (Dromus dromas)
- Recovery pearly mussel (Elliptio nigella)
- Tar River spiny mussel (Elliptio steinstansana)
- Cumberlandian combshell (Epioblasma brevidens)
- Upland combshell (Epioblasma metastriata)
- Southern acorn riffle shell (Epioblasma othcaloogensis) (possibly extinct)
- Penitent mussel (Epioblasma penita)
- Tubercled blossom (Epioblasma torulosa)
- Shiny pigtoe (Fusconaia cor)
- False spike (Fusconaia mitchelli)
- Cracking pearlymussel (Hemistena lata)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- (possibly extinct)
- Speckled pocketbook (Lampsilis streckeri)
- Alabama lamp naiad (Lampsilis virescens)
- Carolina heelsplitter (Lasmigona decorata)
- Birdwing pearlymussel (Lemiox rimosus)
- Lexingtonia subplana
- Gulf moccasinshell (Medionidus penicillatus)
- Ochlockonee moccasinshell (Medionidus simpsonianus)
- Suwannee moccasinshell (Medionidus walkeri)
- Haddleton lampmussel (Obovaria haddletoni) (possibly extinct)
- Golf stick pearly mussel (Obovaria retusa)
- Little winged pearly mussel (Pegias fabula)
- White warty-back pearly mussel (Plethobasus cicatricosus)
- Orange-footed pimpleback mussel (Plethobasus cooperianus)
- Painted clubshell (Pleurobema chattanoogaense)
- Club naiad (Pleurobema clava)
- James River spinymussel (Pleurobema collina)
- Black clubshell (Pleurobema curtum) (possibly extinct)
- Dark pigtoe (Pleurobema furvum)
- Southern pigtoe (Pleurobema georgianum)
- Cumberland pigtoe (Pleurobema gibberum)
- Georgia pigtoe (Pleurobema hanleyianum)
- Flat pigtoe (Pleurobema marshalli)
- Rough pigtoe pearly mussel (Pleurobema plenum)
- Warrior pigtoe (Pleurobema rubellum)
- Popenaias popeii
- Southern kidneyshell (Ptychobranchus jonesi)
- Winged mapleleaf (Quadrula fragosa)
- Theliderma intermedia
- Appalachian monkeyface (Theliderma sparsa)
- Stirrupshell (Theliderma stapes)
- Theliderma tuberosa
- Pale lilliput naiad (Toxolasma cylindrellus)
- Purple bean (Villosa perpurpurea)
- Cumberland bean pearly mussel (Villosa trabalis)
Subspecies
- (Epioblasma florentina curtisi)
- Brown-blossom naiad (Epioblasma florentina walkeri)
- White catspaw (Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua)
- Northern riffleshell (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana)
Hyriids[]
- Glenelg freshwater mussel (Hyridella glenelgensis)
Venerida[]
- Dreissena caspia (possibly extinct)
Cephalopods[]
- Opisthoteuthis chathamensis
See also[]
- Lists of IUCN Red List critically endangered species
- List of least concern molluscs
- List of near threatened molluscs
- List of vulnerable molluscs
- List of endangered molluscs
- List of recently extinct molluscs
- List of data deficient molluscs
References[]
- ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
- ^ "Table 9: Possibly Extinct and Possibly Extinct in the Wild Species (IUCN Red List version 2016-2)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
- ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
Categories:
- Critically endangered animals
- IUCN Red List critically endangered species
- Lists of animals by conservation status