List of extinct animals of the Nordics

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This is a list of extinct animals of the Nordics (including Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland) includes the animal species and subspecies once lived in the Nordics but have disappeared since human habitation. The list consists of common name, Latin name, known geographical range, and approximate extinction date, with the "†" symbol indicating the species is considered extinct worldwide.

Arthropods[]

Insects[]

Chordates[]

Amphibians[]

  • European fire-bellied toad, Bombina bombina (Sweden – 1960 AD; populations reintroduced between 1970–1980 are now spread out over Skåne)[2]

Birds[]

  • Atlantic puffin, Fratercula arctica (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland / Iceland – 1970 AD; only extinct in Sweden although occasionally observed along the coasts)[3]
  • Black stork, Ciconia nigra (Sweden – 2000 AD)[3]
  • Crested lark, Galerida cristata (Sweden / Denmark – 1980 AD)[3]
  • Eurasian hoopoe, Upupa epops (Sweden – 2010 AD; regularly observed in the country despite no known breeding populations)[3]
  • European roller, Coracias garrulus (Sweden – 2000 AD)[3]
  • †Great auk, Pinguinus impennis (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Iceland – 1800 AD)
  • Great bustard, Otis tarda (Sweden – 2000 AD)[1]
  • Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus (Sweden – 2005 AD)[1]
  • Middle spotted woodpecker Dendrocoptes medius (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland / Iceland – 1980 AD; occasionally observed in known breeding locations)[3]

Fishes[]

Mammals[]

Bears[]

  • Polar bear, Ursus maritimus (Sweden / Svalbard, Norway / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary; only extinct in Sweden)[4][5]

Bovids[]

  • †Aurochs, Bos primigenius (Östergötland and Närke, Sweden / Jylland, Denmark – Quaternary)[6][7]
  • †Dwarf ox / dwarf cow, Bos longifrons (Sweden – Quaternary)[8]
  • European bison, Bison bonasus (Sweden / Denmark – Quaternary; currently working to be reintroduced in both Sweden and Denmark)[9][10][11]
  • Saiga antelope, Saiga tatarica (Sweden / Denmark – Quaternary)[12][5]

Cats[]

  • †Eurasian cave lion, Panthera spelaea (Denmark – Quaternary)
  • European wildcat, Felis silvestris silvestris (Sweden – 1,700-500 BC)[12]

Deers[]

  • Finnish forest reindeer, Rangifer tarandus fennicus (Sweden / Finland – 1800 AD; populations remain in Finland)
  • †Irish elk, Megaloceros giganteus (Sweden – Quaternary)[13]
  • Norwegian fell reindeer, Rangifer tarandus tarandus (Sweden / Norway / Finland – 1800 AD; genetically pure populations remain only in Dovrefjäll-Rondane in Norway)

Dogs[]

  • †Dalbo dog was a Swedish dog breed believed to have gone extinct by 1870 AD.[14]
  • Gray wolf, Canis lupus (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland – previously extinct in Sweden and Denmark but currently reintroduced)[15][16]
  • †Peat dog, (Denmark – Quaternary)[17][18]

Horses[]

  • †Forest horse, Equus ferus germanicus (Sweden – Quaternary)
  • †Tarpan, Equus ferus silvaticus (Sweden – Quaternary)
  • Wild horse, Equus ferus (Sweden – Quaternary)

Pigs[]

  • Wild boar, Sus scrofa (Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland – 1700 AD; previously extinct in Sweden and Denmark but currently reintroduced)[19][20]

Primates[]

  • †Neanderthal man, Homo neanderthalensis (Wolf Cave, Finland – Quaternary; possibly synonymous with Homo sapiens)[21][22][23][24]

Proboscideans[]

  • †Woolly mammoth, Mammuthus primigenius (Skåne, Sweden / Norway / Denmark / Finland – Quaternary)[25][26]

Rhinoceros[]

  • †Woolly rhinoceros, Coelodonta antiquitatis (Sweden – Quaternary)

Rodents[]

  • Black rat, Rattus rattus (Sweden / Denmark – 1994 AD)[27][28]

Seals[]

  • Harp seal, (Sweden / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary)

Whales[]

  • Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus (Sweden / Norway / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary)
  • Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus (Sweden / Greenland, Denmark – Quaternary)
  • †Swedenborg whale, (Bohuslän, Sweden – Quaternary)[29][30][31][32]

Reptiles[]

Turtles[]

  • European pond turtle, Emys orbicularis (Skåne, Östergötland, and Öland, Sweden / Denmark – 2000 BC in Sweden and 700 BC in Denmark; living turtles have been found in Skåne and Värmland, Sweden, presumably originating as released pets)[33][34][35]

Cnidarians[]

Corals[]

  • Broch coral, (Sweden – 2010 AD)[1]

Molluscs[]

Gastropods[]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap "Artfakta från ArtDatabanken SLU". artfakta.se.
  2. ^ "Nordens Ark". Postkodlotteriet.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Hotade fåglar i Sverige". www.nrm.se.
  4. ^ "Björn Kurtén och Isbjörnens Evolution".
  5. ^ a b Aaris-Sørensen, Kim (February 2010). Diversity and dynamics of the mammalian fauna in Denmark throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle, 115-0 kyr BP. ISBN 978-1-4443-3483-8.
  6. ^ http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=2543543&fileOId=2543547
  7. ^ Europeiska kulturlandskap – Hur människan format Europas natur, Urban Emauelsson., 2009. s. 161
  8. ^ "Cattle". www.1902encyclopedia.com.
  9. ^ Elfström, Calle (September 2, 2013). "Visenter kan släppas fria i Sverige". SVT Nyheter – via www.svt.se.
  10. ^ "Denmark gets rare Polish bison". BBC News. June 7, 2012.
  11. ^ "Visenten återvänder till Danmark". svenska.yle.fi.
  12. ^ a b "Utsättning av arter – Möjlighet för bevarandebiologin – Biodiverse". www.biodiverse.se.
  13. ^ http://www.tullsakra.se/photo_album1.html
  14. ^ "Okänt foto av utdöda dalbohunden hittat". Svensk Jakt. May 15, 2013.
  15. ^ "Låt vargen komma in". Forskning & Framsteg. November 17, 2010.
  16. ^ "Vargen återkommer till Danmark". Svenska Dagbladet. March 12, 2014 – via www.svd.se.
  17. ^ http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/hund/206221
  18. ^ http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=1329319&fileOId=1329320
  19. ^ "Med rätt att böka". Naturskyddsföreningen. February 8, 2002.
  20. ^ Fajstrup, Marianne (June 3, 2013). "Vildsvinet har indtaget Danmark". Berlingske.dk.
  21. ^ "Ny forskning bekräftar Neandertalare i Varggrottan". svenska.yle.fi.
  22. ^ "Fortbildningscentralen vid Åbo Akademi". web.abo.fi.
  23. ^ http://www.susiluola.fi/swe/neandertal_swe.php
  24. ^ "::: VARGGROTTAN En föristida fyndplats i Lappfjärd, Finland. Spår av Neanderthalmänniskan 130 000 BP". sydaby.eget.net.
  25. ^ "Här är de 10 största djuren någonsin". illvet.se.
  26. ^ "Mammutfynd från fel tid förbryllar". HD.
  27. ^ "Svartråtta". April 4, 2017.
  28. ^ "Artfakta från ArtDatabanken SLU". artfakta.se.
  29. ^ "Forntida val påträffad på Västkusten – Göteborgs universitet".
  30. ^ "swedenborgsval – Uppslagsverk – NE.se".
  31. ^ "Illustrerad Vetenskap – på upptäcktsfärd i vetenskapen". illvet.se.
  32. ^ "Forntida val hittad i Bohuslän". DN.SE. May 31, 2009.
  33. ^ Fog et al. (2001) sid:341
  34. ^ "Sköldpadda hittad vid vägkanten – Trelleborgs Allehanda".
  35. ^ "Köttätande padda ute på vift i Värmland | GT". www.expressen.se.
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