List of extinct animals of the Hawaiian Islands

This is an incomplete list of extinct animals of the Hawaiian Islands.

Mammals[]

Synemporion keana

Birds[]

Pre-European extinctions (before 1778)

The moa-nalo

Apteribis, Maui and Molokai, 200,000 years ago
Giant amakihi, Hawaii, 1000 BC
Giant Hawaii goose, Hawaii, 7000 BC
Great Maui crake, Maui, the 13th century AD
High-billed crow, Maui, circa AD 1000
Kauaʻi finch, Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, Hawaii, the early 16th century AD
Kauaʻi mole duck, Kauaʻi, 4050 BC
Kauaʻi palila, Kauaʻi, unknown
Maui Nui finch, Maui and Molokaʻi, Hawaii, the early 12th century AD
Moa-nalo, Hawaii, the 11th century AD
Nēnē-nui, Hawaii, 6000 BC
Oʻahu grosbeak, Oʻahu and Maui, Hawaii, 7000 BC
Oʻahu petrel, Hawaii, 6000 BC
Primitive koa-finch, Oʻahu and Maui, Hawaii, before 1778
Scissor-billed koa-finch fossils on Kauaʻi, and Maui, Hawaii, unknown
Stilt-owls (Grallistrix spp.) circa AD 1000
Stout-legged finch, Kauaʻi, Hawaii, unknown
Wood harrier, Maui and Molokai, unknown

Post-European extinctions (1778)

Common name\scientific name	Extinction date	Range	Image
ʻĀmaui Myadestes woahensis	the 1850s	Oahu	--
Bishop's ʻōʻō Moho bishopi	1904	Molokai and Maui
Black mamo Drepanis funerea	1907	Molokai and Maui
Greater ʻamakihi Viridonia sagittirostris	1901	Hawaii/the Big Island
Greater koa finch Rhodacanthis palmeri	1896	Hawaii/the Big Island
Hawaiʻi ʻakialoa Hemignathus obscurus	1940	Hawaii/the Big Island
Hawai'i mamo Drepanis pacifica	July 1898	the Hawaiian Islands
Hawaiʻi ʻōʻō Moho nobilis	1934	Hawaii/the Big Island
Hawaiian rail Porzana sandwichensis	1883	Hawaii/the Big Island
Kāmaʻo Myadestes myadestinus	1989	Kauaʻi
Kauaʻi ʻakialoa Hemignathus ellisianus stejnegeri	1965	Kauaʻi
Kauaʻi ʻōʻō Moho braccatus	1987	Kauaʻi
Kioea Chaetoptila angustipluma	1859	Hawaii/the Big Island
Lanaʻi 'akialoa Hemignathus ellisianus lanaiensis	the 1890s	Lanaʻi
Kona grosbeak Chloridops kona	1894	Hawaii/the Big Island
Lānaʻi hookbill Dysmorodrepanis munroi	1918	Lānaʻi
Laysan rail Porzana palmeri	1944	Laysan
Laysan honeycreeper Himatione fraithii^[1]	1923	Laysan
Laysan millerbird Acrocephalus familiaris familiaris	the 1910s	Laysan
Lesser koa finch Rhodacanthis flaviceps	1891	Hawaii/the Big Island
Maui ʻakepa Loxops coccineus ochraceus	1988	M'aui
Molokaʻi creeper Paroreomyza flammea	1963	Molokaʻi
Oʻahu ʻōʻō Moho apicalis	1837	O‘ahu
Oahu 'akialoa Hemignathus ellisianus ellisanus	the 1860s-1940	O‘ahu
Oʻahu ʻakepa Loxops coccineus wolstenholmei	the 1900s	Oʻahu
Oʻahu nukupuʻu Hemignathus lucidus lucidus	1837	O‘ahu
Ula-'ai-hawane Ciridops anna	1892	Hawaii/the Big Island
Poʻouli Melamprosops phaeosoma	November 26, 2004	Maui

Possibly extinct birds

Common name/scientific name	Extinction date	Range
Nukupu‘u Hemignathus lucidus	1998	Kauaʻi, Maui and Oʻahu
Oʻahu ʻalauahio Paroreomyza maculata	1985	O‘ahu
Olomaʻo Myadestes lanaiensis	1980	Maui, Lānaʻi, Molokaʻi
ʻŌʻū Psittirostra psittacea	1987	the Hawaiian Islands

Insects[]

Common name/scientific name	Extinction date	Range	Image
Blackburn's weevil Pentarthrum blackburni^[2]	unknown	Hawaii	--
Black-veined agrotis noctuid moth Agrotis melanoneura	unknown	Hawaii	--
Campsicnemus mirabilis^[3]	unknown	Hawaii
Clavicoccus erinaceus^[4]	unknown	Oʻahu	--
Confused moth Helicoverpa confusa^[5]	unknown	Hawaii	--
Drosophila lanaiensis^[6]	unknown	Lanaʻi	--
Dryophthorus distinguendus^[7]	unknown	Lanaʻi	--
Hilo noctuid moth Hypena newelli ^[8]	unknown	Hawaii	--
Genophantis leahi^[9]	unknown	Maui, Oahu, Molokai and Hawaii	--
Kaholuamano noctuid moth Hypena senicula^[10]	unknown	Kauai	--
Kerr's noctuid moth Agrotis kerri^[11]	unknown	the French Frigate Shoals	--
Kauai agrotis noctuid moth Agrotis tephrias	unknown	Kauai	--
Kona agrotis noctuid moth Agrotis panoplias	unknown	Hawaii
Kona giant looper moth Scotorythra megalophylla^[12]	unknown	Hawaii
Koʻolau giant looper moth Scotorythra nesiotes^[13]	unknown	Oahu	--
Laysan dropseed noctuid moth Hypena laysanensis^[14]	unknown	Laysan	--
Laysan noctuid moth Agrotis laysanensis^[15]	unknown	Laysan
Laysan weevil Oodemas laysanensis^[16]	unknown	Hawaii	--
Light-loving noctuid moth Agrotis photophila^[17]	1900	Oahu	--
Lovegrass noctuid moth Hypena plagiota^[18]	unknown	Kauai, Oahu and Maui	--
Macrancylus linearis^[19]	unknown	Hawaii	--
Maui agrotis noctuid moth Agrotis cremata	unknown	Maui	--
Maui upland damselfly Megalagrion jugorum^[20]	unknown	Maui	--
Microreas agrotis noctuid moth Agrotis microreas	unknown	Hawaii
Midway noctuid moth Agrotis fasciata^[21]	unknown	Midway
Minute noctuid moth Helicoverpa minuta^[22]	unknown	Hawaii	--
Oedemasylus laysanensis^[23]	unknown	Laysan	--
ʻOlaʻa peppered looper moth Tritocleis microphylla^[24]	unknown	Hawaii	--
Phyllococcus oahuensis^[25]	unknown	Oʻahu	--
Poko noctuid moth Agrotis crinigera^[26]	1927	Maui, Hawaii and Oahu	--
Procellaris grotis noctuid moth Agrotis procellaris^[27]	unknown	Laysan	--
Rhyncogonus bryani^[28]	unknown	Hawaii	--

Mollusks[]

The Carelia cochlea

The Carelia dolei

The Carelia turricula

Name	Last seen	Range^[29]
Achatinella abbreviata	1963	Oʻahu
Achatinella apexfulva	1985	Oʻahu
Achatinella bellula	1981	Oʻahu
Achatinella buddii	the 20th century	Oʻahu
Achatinella byronii	1975	Oʻahu
Achatinella caesia	the 20th century	Oʻahu
Achatinella casta	unknown	Oʻahu
Achatinella cestus	1966	Oʻahu
Achatinella concavospira	1988	Oʻahu
Achatinella curta	1989	Oʻahu
Achatinella decipiens	1990	Oʻahu
Achatinella decora	the 20th century	Oʻahu
Achatinella dimorpha	1967	Oʻahu
Achatinella elegans	1952	Oʻahu
Achatinella fulgens	1989	Oʻahu
Achatinella fuscobasis	1991	Oʻahu
Achatinella juddii	1958	Oʻahu
Achatinella juncea	unknown	Oʻahu
Achatinella lehuiensis	1922	Oʻahu
Achatinella leucorrhaphe	1989	Oʻahu
Achatinella livida	1981	Oʻahu
Achatinella lorata	1979	Oʻahu
Achatinella papyracea	pre-1945	Oʻahu
Achatinella phaeozona	1974	Oʻahu
Achatinella pulcherrima	1975	Oʻahu
Achatinella pupukanioe	1980	Oʻahu
Achatinella spaldingi	1938	Oʻahu
Achatinella stewartii	1961	Oʻahu
Achatinella swiftii	1976	Oʻahu
Achatinella taeniolata	1966	Oʻahu
Achatinella thaanumi	the 20th century	Oʻahu
Achatinella turgida	1974	Oʻahu
Achatinella valida	1951	Oʻahu
Achatinella vulpina	1965	Oʻahu
Amastra albolabris	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra cornea	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra crassilabrum	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra elongata	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra forbesi	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra pellucida	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra porcus	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra reticulata	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra subrostrata	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra subsoror	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra tenuispira	unknown	Hawaii
Amastra umbilicata	unknown	Hawaii
Auriculella expansa	unknown	Hawaii
Auriculella uniplicata	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia anceophila	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia bicolor	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia cochlea	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia cumingiana	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia dolei	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia evelynae	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia glossema	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia hyattiana	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia kalalauensis	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia knudseni	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia lirata	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia lymani	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia mirabilis	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia necra	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia olivacea	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia paradoxa	the 20th century	Hawaii
Carelia periscelis	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia pilsbryi	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia sinclairi	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia tenebrosa	unknown	Hawaii
Carelia turricula	unknown	Hawaii
Lyropupa perlonga	unknown	Hawaii
Newcombia philippiana	unknown	Hawaii
Partulina crassa	unknown	Hawaii

References[]

^ Chesser, R. Terry; et al. (2015). "Fifty-sixth Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds". The Auk. 132 (3): 748–764. doi:10.1642/AUK-15-73.1.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Helicoverpa confusa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9808A13018419. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9808A13018419.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Campsicnemus mirabilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T3719A10034887. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T3719A10034887.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Clavicoccus erinaceus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T4961A11102700. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T4961A11102700.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Helicoverpa confusa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9808A13018419. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9808A13018419.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Drosophila lanaiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T6844A12810403. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6844A12810403.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Lyal, C. (2014). "Dryophthorus distinguendus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T6862A21424260. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T6862A21424260.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena newelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10641A3207144. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10641A3207144.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Genophantis leahi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9000A12948738. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9000A12948738.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena senicula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10640A3207041. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10640A3207041.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis kerri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T706A13069155. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T706A13069155.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Scotorythra megalophylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20074A9144387. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20074A9144387.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Scotorythra nesiotes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20075A9144489. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20075A9144489.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10637A3206838. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10637A3206838.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T707A13069257. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T707A13069257.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Lyal, C. (2014). "Oodemas laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T15144A21424379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T15144A21424379.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis photophila". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T708A13069359. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T708A13069359.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena plagiota". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10639A3206940. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10639A3206940.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Lyal, C. (2014). "Macrancylus linearis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T12582A21424354. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T12582A21424354.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Polhemus, D.A. (2020). "Megalagrion jugorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12953A510761. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T12953A510761.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis fasciata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T705A13069054. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T705A13069054.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Helicoverpa minuta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9809A13018521. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9809A13018521.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Lyal, C. (2014). "Oodemas laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T15144A21424379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T15144A21424379.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Tritocleis microphylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T22209A9365407. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T22209A9365407.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Phyllococcus oahuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T17120A6799402. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T17120A6799402.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis crinigera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T704A13068952. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T704A13068952.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis procellaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T709A13069460. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T709A13069460.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Lyal, C. (2014). "Rhyncogonus bryani". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T19724A21424429. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T19724A21424429.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ Hawaii's Extinct Species -- Snails

IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 10 February 2007.

[1] Chesser, R. Terry; et al. (2015). "Fifty-sixth Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds". The Auk. 132 (3): 748–764. doi:10.1642/AUK-15-73.1.

[2] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Helicoverpa confusa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9808A13018419. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9808A13018419.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[3] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Campsicnemus mirabilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T3719A10034887. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T3719A10034887.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[4] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Clavicoccus erinaceus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T4961A11102700. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T4961A11102700.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[5] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Helicoverpa confusa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9808A13018419. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9808A13018419.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[6] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Drosophila lanaiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T6844A12810403. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6844A12810403.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[7] Lyal, C. (2014). "Dryophthorus distinguendus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T6862A21424260. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T6862A21424260.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[8] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena newelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10641A3207144. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10641A3207144.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[9] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Genophantis leahi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9000A12948738. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9000A12948738.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[10] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena senicula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10640A3207041. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10640A3207041.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[11] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis kerri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T706A13069155. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T706A13069155.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[12] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Scotorythra megalophylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20074A9144387. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20074A9144387.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[13] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Scotorythra nesiotes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T20075A9144489. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T20075A9144489.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[14] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10637A3206838. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10637A3206838.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[15] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T707A13069257. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T707A13069257.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[16] Lyal, C. (2014). "Oodemas laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T15144A21424379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T15144A21424379.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[17] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis photophila". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T708A13069359. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T708A13069359.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[18] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Hypena plagiota". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T10639A3206940. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T10639A3206940.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[19] Lyal, C. (2014). "Macrancylus linearis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T12582A21424354. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T12582A21424354.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[20] Polhemus, D.A. (2020). "Megalagrion jugorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12953A510761. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T12953A510761.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[21] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis fasciata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T705A13069054. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T705A13069054.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[22] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Helicoverpa minuta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9809A13018521. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9809A13018521.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[23] Lyal, C. (2014). "Oodemas laysanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T15144A21424379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T15144A21424379.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[24] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Tritocleis microphylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T22209A9365407. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T22209A9365407.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[25] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Phyllococcus oahuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T17120A6799402. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T17120A6799402.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[26] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis crinigera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T704A13068952. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T704A13068952.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[27] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996). "Agrotis procellaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T709A13069460. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T709A13069460.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[28] Lyal, C. (2014). "Rhyncogonus bryani". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T19724A21424429. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T19724A21424429.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[29] Hawaii's Extinct Species -- Snails

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]