List of football clubs in England and Wales by year formed
List of football league clubs in the top four tiers of English football (i.e. the Premier League and the English Football League), as of the 2019–20 season.
Different sources offer alternative dates for club foundation dates, and therefore given dates can vary. Reasons for differences include:
- Informal status: Clubs can originate as an unincorporated association; sources may include this relatively informal period as part of their history.
- Mergers: Clubs can form by a merger of two clubs, with the date of one of the original clubs being selected as the foundation date.
- Liquidation: Some clubs were liquidated, with a new club adopting the history of the liquidated club.
- Historicity: Some dates are based on non-contemporary accounts with sources of uncertain provenance.
- Continuity: Contemporary newspaper reports may give club names whose direct connection to modern-day clubs is not established.
- Viewing a relocation as a foundation: This applies to MK Dons[1]
Many clubs have been incorporated at some point in their existence, this is not used in the list below as a revised foundation date.
The year in the left hand column is the year published by the club itself. Where month and day are also published, these are recorded in the notes.
Year published by club | Club | Season 2020–21 | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1863[2] | Stoke City | Championship | The club state they are the oldest professional Football League Club in the world, existing since 1863.[3]
The club was originally known as Stoke Ramblers.[4] Evidence for foundation in 1863 is provided by "The Book of Football"(1905), which names four founder players, and a date of 1863 while discussing Stoke City.[5] That date was adopted by the current club for anniversary celebrations in 1963[6] and 2013,[7] and included in the current crest.[8] However the 1863 date is disputed.[9] The earliest known Stoke Ramblers newspaper reports, in 1868, stated that the club had been formed that season,[10] and some of the details in these reports may have been used in the 1905 book in the description of the events claimed to be in 1863.[11] The club underwent a merger in 1878, when it became known simply as Stoke, and was liquidated in 1908, but refounded shortly after.[12] Contemporary reports called this refounded club, "new"[13] |
1865[14] | Nottingham Forest[15] | Championship | Nottingham Forest state that a group of shinney players founded the club in 1865.[14]
The exact date of the club's formation is unknown,[16] but returns from the club to the 1870s Alcock's Football Annual stated October 1865 as the month of formation,[17] and football matches were documented from 1866.[18] A late Victorian source described the date of formation of Forest as "a matter of some uncertainty, but most probably as far back as 1864".[19] Former league club Notts County claim an earlier foundation date of 1862;[20] following their relegation from the fourth tier of the English Football League in 2019, the EFL stated that Nottingham Forest were now the oldest professional football league club.[16] This was contested by Stoke City, who claim 1863[3] as their foundation year. |
1867[21] | Sheffield Wednesday[22] | Championship | The club state a foundation date of 4 September 1867.[21]
The club were founded as The Wednesday Football Club in 1867 as an offshoot of The Wednesday Cricket Club formed 1820.[23] The exact date of formation is disputed, with both 4 and 5 September 1867 reported as the date of formation in newspapers published in the same week.[24] The first reported practice match was on 12 October 1867;[25] their first competitive fixtures were in February 1868 in the Cromwell Cup. The club formally adopted its current name in 1929, previously it was referred to variously as Wednesday,[26] The Wednesday[27] and Sheffield Wednesday.[24] |
1871[28] | Reading[29] | Championship | Uncertainty whether formed in 1871 or 1872[30] |
1874[31] | Aston Villa[32] | Premier League | Some debate over March or November 1874[33][34] Villa say 21 November 1874 is a legend.[35] |
1874[36] | Bolton Wanderers[37] | League Two | Formed as Christ Church FC, no exact date known though possibly June. Renamed Bolton Wanderers in 1877 |
1875[38] | Birmingham City[39] | Championship | Founded as Small Heath Alliance in 1875, exact date unknown |
1875[40] | Blackburn Rovers[41] | Championship | Founded at a meeting on 5 November 1875 |
1876[42] | Middlesbrough | Championship | Original club founded in 1876,[43] though date stated as vague. Other source says 20 October 1876.[44] Club merged then demerged from another club in 1892. |
1876[45] | Macclesfield Town | League Two | Merger of 8th Cheshire Rifle Volunteers football team and the Olympic Cricket Club, date 21 October 1876
The club were wound up on 16 September 2020 [46] |
1876[47] | Port Vale | League Two | Disputed whether original club foundation is 1876 or 1879,.[48] Exact date in 1876 not known. The club was wound up, with the name used by a successor club in 1909. |
1877[49] | Crewe Alexandra[50] | League One | No date for formation in 1877. |
1877[51] | Wolverhampton Wanderers | Premier League | Originally called St Lukes, date not recorded. Merged with another club in 1879.[52] |
1878[53] | Everton[54] | Premier League | Formed as St Domingo's, 1 January 1878 |
1878[55] | Grimsby Town[56] | League Two | |
1878[57] | Ipswich Town | League One | Founded 16 October 1878. Merged with a rugby club in 1888.[58] |
1878[59] | Manchester United[60] | Premier League | Founded in 1878 as Newton Heath LYR F.C. Renamed in 1902; liquidation was avoided.[61] |
1878[62] | West Bromwich Albion | Premier League | Disputed whether 1878 or 1879, any football in 1878 on an informal basis[clarification needed].[63] Club states 1878. |
1879[64] | Doncaster Rovers | League One | Liquidated and reformed in 1914.[65] |
1879[66] | Fulham[67] | Premier League | Primarily cricket in its early days. |
1879[68] | Sunderland | League One | First recorded competitive game was against Ferryhill Athletic on 13 November 1880. In 1881 the club's name was changed to Sunderland Association Football Club. Dispute over 1879 and 1880.[69] |
1879[70] | Swindon Town | League Two | Dispute on whether formation was in 1879 or 1881. Merged with another club in 1881.[71] Club only states 1879. |
1880[72] | Manchester City[73] | Premier League | Started as a church team, exact date not known |
1880[74] | Preston North End[75] | Championship | Given in club history as May 1880, not clear when football started to be played. |
1881[76] | Watford | Championship | Underwent merger in 1898; the 1881 date is for one of the two merged clubs.[77] |
1882[78] | Burnley[79] | Premier League | |
1882[80] | Tottenham Hotspur[81] | Premier League | 5 September 1882 as Hotspur Football Club |
1882[82] | Queens Park Rangers | Championship | Amalgamation of two clubs in 1886 with the older formed in 1882, 1882 is in the club crest.[83] The club states 1882 "signifies the very earliest roots of our club's beginnings" |
1883[84] | Bristol Rovers[85] | League One | September 1883 |
1883[86] | Coventry City[87] | Championship | Coventry City formed as Singers F.C. in 1883 at an unknown date before adopting their current name in 1898. |
1884[88] | Derby County[89] | Championship | An offshoot of Derbyshire County Cricket Club |
1884[90] | Leicester City | Premier League | Original club, Leicester Fosse, closed down in 1919 to be replaced by Leicester City.[91] Club's history states first football match 1 November 1884. |
1884[92] | Tranmere Rovers | League Two | Original club, Belmont FC, closed down in 1884 to be replaced by Tranmere.[91] |
1884[93] | Lincoln City[94] | League One | The club state they were officially formed as an amateur association in 1884, though there had been a team playing since the 1860s |
1885[95] | Luton Town[96] | Championship | Merger between local clubs, Wanderers and Excelsior, announced on 11 April 1885 |
1885[97] | Millwall[98] | Championship | No exact date supplied by club |
1885[99] | Southampton[100] | Premier League | |
1886[101] | Arsenal | Premier League | No exact date given, described as 'late 1886' |
1886[102] | Plymouth Argyle | League One | The club state 1886 was the year "the original Argyle was formed".[102] |
1886[103] | Shrewsbury Town | League One | Club views 1886 as the origin, though says roots go back to 1879.[103] |
1887[104] | Blackpool | League One | Formed by breakaway from another club[105] 1877 sometimes claimed, however club states "founded in 1887 on the back of a breakaway from local outfit St John's FC" |
1887[106] | Barnsley | Championship | Founded as "Barnsley St. Peter's" on 17 September 1887,[106] but subsequently dropped the "St. Peter's" in 1897. |
1887[107] | Cheltenham Town | League Two | Club states previously thought to be 1892, moved back to 1887 due to evidence of football being played earlier in the town.[107] |
1887[108] | Wycombe Wanderers | Championship | |
1888[109] | Walsall | League Two | Amalgamation of two older clubs as Walsall Town Swifts |
1888[110] | Leyton Orient | League Two | Founded in 1881 as the Glyn Cricket Club; the club began playing football as Orient in 1888. Club state the existing Cricket Club adopted football on 3 March 1888.[110] |
1889[111] | Brentford | Premier League | Club states 10 October 1889.[111] |
1889[112] | Forest Green Rovers | League Two | Founded October 1889 |
1889[113] | Sheffield United[114] | Premier League | Club state foundation on 22 March 1889[113] |
1892[115] | Liverpool | Premier League | The club state that nn 15 March 1892, John Houlding broke from the board of Everton to form Liverpool FC, and that the club was formally recognised by the Board of Trade on 3 June.[115] |
1892[116] | Newcastle United | Premier League | Began in May 1892 when two clubs joined. |
1893[117] | Gillingham | League One | |
1893[118] | Oxford United | League One | History includes a merger in 1911.[118] |
1894[119] | Bristol City | Championship | |
1895[120] | Oldham Athletic | League Two | Formed as Pine Villa in 1895. Refounded as Oldham Athletic on 4 July 1899. |
1896[121] | Crawley Town | League Two | Played informally from 1890.[122] |
1897[123] | Mansfield Town | League Two | Club states "many dates have been given, however most are apocryphal or at the very least wildly inaccurate" |
1897[124] | Northampton Town | League One | Went into administration in 1992 but escaped liquidation.[125] Club states foundation on 6 March 1897.[124] |
1898[126] | Portsmouth | League One | Wound up and immediately reformed in July 1912 to evade debts of the original 1898 club. Club state 1898 in their history without the winding-up.[126] |
1899[127] | AFC Bournemouth | Championship | Formed as Boscombe FC in 1899 from a earlier club; some give 1890 as original date.[128] |
1899[129] | Cardiff City | Championship | Formed as Riverside. |
1899[130] | Scunthorpe United | League Two | |
1895[131] | West Ham United | Premier League | Forerunner was Thames Ironworks in 1895, however the club does not use this in their foundation date. |
1901[132] | Brighton & Hove Albion | Premier League | Claims of connection to previous clubs.[133] Club states date of 24 June 1901.[132] |
1901[134] | Exeter City | League Two | Adopted current name in 1904,[135] previously thought to be a merger. |
1902[136] | Norwich City[137] | Premier League | Original club liquidated 1917 and reformed 1919. |
1903[138] | Bradford City | League Two | formed from Manningham FC after a switch from Rugby League [139] |
1904[140] | Carlisle United | League Two | Liquidation and reform in 1911. |
1904[141] | Hull City[142] | League One | |
1905[143] | Charlton Athletic[144] | League One | |
1905[145] | Chelsea[146] | Premier League | Date given by club 10 March 1905.[145] |
1905[147] | Crystal Palace[148] | Premier League | 10 September 1905. Club recently published research suggesting an 1861 date.[149] |
1906[150] | Southend United[151] | League Two | Club make no claim to history of earlier club with the same name[150] |
1907[152] | Rochdale[153] | League One | 14 May 1907 |
1908[154] | Huddersfield Town | Championship | Liquidated and reformed in 1912[155] |
1912[156] | Cambridge United[157] | League One | |
1912[158] | Swansea City | Championship | Original club wound up in 1985[159] |
1919[160] | Leeds United[161] | Premier League | Formed 17 October 1919 following disbanding of a previous club. |
1920[162] | Morecambe[163] | League Two | Club states 7 May 1920 [162] |
1925[164] | Rotherham United | Championship | 1925 merger[165] |
1932[166] | Wigan Athletic | League One | Several teams created and wound up prior to current club.[167] |
1934[168] | Peterborough United[169] | League One | Club created 17 May 1934.[168] |
1937[170] | Colchester United | League Two | Replaced an amateur club which folded the same year[171] Club announced 14 July 1937 |
1940[172] | Salford City | League Two | |
1950[174] | Burton Albion | League One | Succeeded other clubs in the town.[175] Club states 6 July 1950.[174] |
1968[176] | Accrington Stanley | League One | Reformed, following the demise of a previous club of the same name in 1963.[177] |
1989[178] | Newport County | League Two | Liquidated and reformed in 1989.[179] Club states "It is important to distinguish between Newport County (the Ironsides) a club of the past and Newport County AFC (the Exiles) the club of the present and the future)." |
1997[180] | Fleetwood Town | League One | Several previous versions. The club site states "The club reformed as Fleetwood Wanderers in 1997" |
2002[181] | AFC Wimbledon | League One | viewed as a new club and not a continuation of Wimbledon FC |
2004[182] | MK Dons | League One | Although the club was a continuation of Wimbledon FC (formed 1889), moving from Wimbledon to Milton Keynes in 2003, the club considers its foundation from when the club was renamed in 2004.[1] |
References[]
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Year Formed: 1863
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Stoke City are the world's oldest professional Football League club ... and what a story it has been[..]Record books say City were founded in 1863.
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Official records show that a club known as Stoke Ramblers was formed in October 1868 when they played their first game," he said. "That club later merged with Stoke Victoria Cricket Club and eventually became Stoke City.
- ^ "Myths, truths and pioneers: the early development of association football in The Potteries" (PDF). Manchester Metropolitan University. p. 8. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
The origins of this narrative can be traced to the early twentieth century and the publication in 1905 of The Book of Football. This appears to be the first significant publication to name the four Old Carthusians as founders of the club[...]The Book of Football wording is ambiguous and if read a certain way would suggest that football in general started around 1863 and that a club followed some time later.
- ^ "Nottingham Forest fans' fury at Stoke City claim". Stoke Sentinel. 5 May 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
A centenary was celebrated in 1963 with a friendly against Real Madrid and T-shirts distributed to fans for the 150th anniversary in 2013.
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STOKE CITY were acclaimed by leading figures from the worlds of politics and football when they took their 150th Anniversary celebrations to the Houses of Parliament in Westminster.
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The Book of Football in particular gives an account of the club being formed by a group of Old Carthusians (former pupils of Charterhouse school), including one named Armand, in 1863. However, there does not seem to be any contemporary evidence of that club existing, and The Field newspaper subsequently reported that an association football club had been formed in Stoke by former Charterhouse pupils, including one named Almond, in 1868. Investigations by the Before the D football blog conclude that the 1863 claim is an error, and that "Armand" was actually "Almond".
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in 1878, Stoke Ramblers merged with Stoke Victoria Athletic to become Stoke Football Club[...]They were relegated to the Second Division in 1907, then resigned from the Football League in 1908. The club subsequently folded due to the financial difficulties. However, a successor club, also called Stoke FC, was immediately formed.
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In 1865, a group of Nottingham-based shinney - a sport similar to hockey - players met at the Clinton Arms on Shakespeare Street. It was here that JS Scrimshaw's proposition to begin playing football instead was passed, and Nottingham Forest Football Club was born.
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However, we can confirm that Forest will be the oldest club, formed at an unknown date in 1865, and documented as playing its first games in 1866.
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Weather permitting, ball kicked off every Saturday afternoon at 2:30 on the Forest Football ground.
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The Reading Football Club was founded in the winter of 1871-72. No-one can be exactly sure when or where though the likely location was Gun Street in the town centre.
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On Thursday October 10, 1889 a meeting was held at the pavilion of the Oxford and Cambridge public house, close to Kew Bridge, and it was decided to create Brentford FC.
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On March 15, 1892, John Houlding famously broke from the board of Everton to form a new club - Liverpool FC. The club was formally recognised by the Board of Trade on June 3, making it our official birthday.
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Portsmouth Football Club were founded in 1898 and the club have always played at Fratton Park.
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Both clubs were officially founded in 1899
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Formed in 1905 by a group of local teenagers
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However the face of football in the Borough was to change forever following a meeting held in the Blue Boar Public House on May 19th 1906. It is well documented that Southend United were formed at this meeting convened by landlord Oliver Trigg and a band of fellow enthusiasts.
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The Abbey name has been part of the fabric of the Club since its formation in 1912
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With Town's outlook becoming more and more bleak with ever-mounting financial problems, a resolution was passed in March 1925 that Town would be wound up and a new club to be named Rotherham United was officially born on May 27, 1925.
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It was preserving that glorious past that drove followers of the club to start again in the summer of 2002
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- Lists of football clubs in England
- Association football in Wales lists