List of heads of Moscow government
Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire[]
Governorates of the Russian Empire was created by the edict (ukase) of Peter the Great on 18 December 1708 "On the establishment of the gubernias and cities assigned to them", which divided Russia into eight guberniyas. Peter appointed Governors-General only in the St. Petersburg and Azov governorates. The heads of the other six governorates were named by Peter as governors. Initially, the titles Governor-General (генерал-губернатор - general-gubernator) and Governor (губенатор - gubernator) were no different. The title was only an honorific title.
Tikhon Streshnev was the first governor of Moscow in 1709–1711. In 1712–1714, the capital of the Tsardom of Russia was moved to St. Petersburg.
The higher chief (главный начальник - glavny nachal'nik) was the head of the Moscow governorate since 1727. It was appointed by the Emperor. From time to time, the Emperor sometimes voluntarily called this position as "Governor-General" or "commander-in-chief".
In 1780s, older Moscow governorate was disestablished. The territory of former becomes the new subdivision with the name "Moscow governorate". On 5 October 1781, Catherine II signed ukaz "On the Establishing of Moscow governorate". The title of the head was defined in this ukaz.
On 30 October 1816, the title "chief" (начальник - nachal'nik) was renamed "military governor-general" (военнный генерал-губернатор - voyenny general-gubernator). Vladimir Dolgorukov was appointed governor-general of the Moscow Military District for the first time without the word "military" in 1865.
During the existence of both the Moscow Governorate and the Moscow Governorate-General (with Moscow Governorate-General consisted only of the Moscow Governorate) as two administrative units in the same time, there were simultaneously two posts of heads of Moscow in the same time. The responsibilities between the Military Governor and the Civil Governor were divided in a very complex way.
In 1905, the Moscow gradonachalnik and Moscow Civil governor were subordinated to the Moscow Governor-General. Therefore there were three offices of heads of Moscow in the same time.
List[]
- Tikhon Streshnev (1709–1711)
- Vasili Yershov (1711–1712)
- Mikhail Romodanovsky (1712–1713)
- (1713–1716)
- (1716–1719)
- (1719–1726)
- (1726–1738)
- Ivan Romodanovsky (1727–1729)
- (February–May 1727, 1729–1730)
- (March–October 1730)
- (1731–1735)
- (1735–1736)
- (1734–1738)
- Boris Yusupov (1738–1740, 1740–1741)
- Ivan Trubetskoy (May–December 1739)
- (March–November 1740)
- (1741–1751)
- Alexander Buturlin (1742–1744, 1762–1763)
- (1744–1751)
- (1751–1755)
- (1753–1756)
- (1755–1762, 1762–1764)
- (1760–1762)
- Pyotr Saltykov (1763–1771)
- Grigory Grigorievich Orlov (September–November 1771)
- Mikhail Volkonsky (1771–1780)
- Vasily Dolgorukov-Krymsky (1780–1782)
- Zakhar Chernyshyov (1782–1784)
- Jacob Bruce (1784–1786)
- (1786–1790)
- Alexander Prozorovsky (1790–1795)
- (1795–1797)
- Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgorukov (May–November 1797)
- Ivan Saltykov (1797–1804)
- (1804–1806)
- (1806–1809)
- Ivan Gudovich (1809–1812)
- Fyodor Rostopchin (1812–1814)
- Alexander Tormasov (1814–1819)
- Dmitry Golitsyn (1820–1844)
- Alexei Grigorievich Scherbatov (1844–1848)
- Arseniy Zakrevsky (1848–1859)
- Sergei Stroganov (April–September 1859)
- (1859–1864)
- (1864–1865)
- (1865–1891)
- Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich (1891–1905)
- Alexander Kozlov (April–July 1905)
- Pyotr Durnovo (July–November 1905)
- Fyodor Dubasov (1905–1906)
- Sergei Gershelman (1906–1909)
- Vladimir Dzhunkovsky (1908–1913)
- (1908–1915)
- (May–September 1915)
- (1915–1917)
- (March 1 – 6, 1917)
- Nikolai Kishkin (March–September 1917)
Gorodskoy golova[]
Gorodskoy golova (городской голова, literally "City's head"), the head of the Moscow Executive body, was appointed by Moscow City Duma. This office is roughly equals the post of speaker of regional or municipal parliament with executive powers.
The post was established by Empress Catherine II in 1767. Gorodskoy golova was elected for a term of three years, and was confirmed in office by the Governor. In accordance with the city regulations of 1862 and 1870, Gorodskoy golova was elected for 4 years and approved by the Emperor. Gorodskoy golova was subordinate to the Governor-General. He presided over meetings of the Moscow city Duma.
| Image | Name | In office |
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6 October 1782 — 15 January 1786 | |
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15 January 1786 — 1789 | |
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Yegor Emelyanovich Emelyanov (acting) | 1789 |
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1789 — 1792 | |
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1792 — 1795 | |
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1795 — 1798 | |
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January 1798 — 4 April 1799 | |
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March 1802 — December 1803 | |
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December 1803 — December 1806 | |
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before 30 July 1807 — after May 1810 | |
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January 1810 — 21 July 1811 | |
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21 July 1811 — March 1813 | |
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September — the beginning of October 1812 | |
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Shelaputin P. D. (acting) | October 1812 — after 21 January 1813 |
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March 1813 — 12 September 1814 | |
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1814 — 1819 | |
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23 January 1819 — 13 December 1821 | |
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13 December 1821 — 20 December 1824 | |
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20 December 1824—1828 | |
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1 January 1828 — 31 December 1831 | |
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17 January 1831—1834 | |
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7 February 1834—1837 | |
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1 January 1837—1840 | |
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January 1840 — 2 October 1841 | |
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October 1841—1843 | |
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1843 — 1845 | |
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1846 — 1849 | |
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1 January 1849 — 10 August 1849 | |
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1849 — 31 December 1851 | |
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26 November 1851 — 10 December 1851 | |
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January 1852 — 1855 | |
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November 1858 — 29 September 1859 | |
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27 October 1859 — 1861 | |
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1 January 1861 — 10 April 1863 | |
| 10 April 1863 — 18 February 1869 | ||
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Vladimir Cherkassky | 4 April 1869 — 13 March 1871 |
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13 March 1871 — 19 March 1873 | |
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(acting) | 19 March 1873 — 16 October 1873 |
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16 October 1873 — 16 April 1876 | |
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(acting) | 16 April 1876 — 7 January 1877 |
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Sergei Tretyakov (arts patron) | 7 January 1877 — 5 December 1881 |
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Boris Chicherin | 22 December 1881 — 11 August 1883 |
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(acting) | 11 August 1883 — 9 April 1885 |
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28 March 1885 — 19 September 1885 | |
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(acting) | 23 October 1885 — 9 November 1885 |
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Nikolay Alekseyev | 9 November 1885 — 11 March 1893 |
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(acting) | 11 March 1893 — 13 April 1893 |
| 13 April 1893 — 19 April 1897 | ||
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19 April 1897 — 25 October 1905 | |
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17 November 1905 — 18 December 1912 | |
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19 December 1912 — November 1914 | |
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29 September 1914 — 28 March 1917 | |
| March – June 1917 | ||
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Vadim Viktorovich Rudnev | 11 July 1917 – 2 November 1917 [2] |
Gradonachalnik[]
On 1 January 1905 Nicholas II established Moscow City Authority (московское градоначальство - moskovskoye gradonachal'stvo), largely independent of the Moscow Governorate. Moscow City Authority was headed by gradonachalnik (градоначальник, literally "city's chief").
- (acting, 1 January 1905 – 16 January 1905)
- (16 January 1905 – 18 April 1905)
- (18 April 1905 – 28 June 1905)
- (acting, 28 June 1905 – 16 July 1905)
- (16 July 1905 – 30 December 1905)
- (7 January 1906 – 11 December 1907)
- (7 February 1908 – 30 May 1915)
- (17 February 1916 – 1 March 1917)
Russian SFSR[]
Both state and communist officeholders were called heads of Moscow.
Communist heads of Moscow[]
Until March 1990, the first secretaries of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU were the de facto real influential leaders of Moscow
State (nominal) heads of Moscow[]
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Executive Committee of Moscow Council of Workers' Deputies:
- Viktor Nogin (September to November 1917)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Moscow Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies:
- Mikhail Pokrovsky (1917–1918)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Moscow Council of Workers' and Red Armymen's Deputies:
- Pyotr Smidovich (March to October 1918)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Moscow Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:
- Lev Kamenev (1918–1926)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:
- Konstantin Ukhanov (1926–1929)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow Regional Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:
- Konstantin Ukhanov (1929–1931)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:
- Nikolai Bulganin (1931–1937)
- (1937–1938)
- Aleksandr Yefremov (1938–1939)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of Labourers' Deputies:
- Vasili Pronin (1939–1944)
- Georgi Popov (1944–1949)
- Mikhail Yasnov (1950–1956)
- (1956–1961)
- (1961–1963)
- Vladimir Promyslov (1963–1977)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies:
- Vladimir Promyslov (1977–1985)
- (1986–1990)
- Yury Luzhkov (1990–1991)
Moscow after 1991[]
Mayor of Moscow is the holder of the highest office of subject of the Russian Federation. The separate office of the Premier of the Government of Moscow existed from 1991 to 2001.
Mayors:
- Gavriil Popov (1991–1992)
- Yuri Luzhkov (1992–2010)
- Vladimir Resin (2010) (acting)
- Sergey Sobyanin (2010–present)
See also[]
- First Secretary of the Moscow Communist Party
- List of heads of Saint Petersburg government
References[]
- Governors-General of Moscow
- Mayors of Moscow
- Lists of Russian people
- Politics of Moscow