List of members of the 1st Parliament of Zimbabwe

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This is a list of members of the , which began in 1980 and expired in 1985. Per the Lancaster House Agreement, 20 out of the 100 seats in the House of Assembly and 10 out of the 40 seats in the Senate were reserved for white Zimbabweans. The Parliament's membership was set by the 1980 Southern Rhodesian general election, which gave ZANU–PF a nearly 57 percent majority of common seats in the House of Assembly, with PF–ZAPU taking most of the remaining seats. The 20 seats reserved for whites were initially all held by the conservative Rhodesian Front, but a majority later became independents.

Composition[]

Senate[]

Party Start End
ZANU–PF 18 18
ZAPU–PF 2 2
CAZ[note 1] 10 6
Ind.[note 2] 0 4
Chiefs 10 10
Total 40 40

House of Assembly[]

Date Party Total Vacant
CAZ[note 1] UANC ZANU–PF ZAPU–PF Ind.[note 2]
14 May 1980 (opened) 20 3 57 20 0 100 0
October 1980 20 3 57 19 0 99 1
Late 1980[1] 19 3 57 19 0 98 2
Early 1981[2] 19 3 57 20 0 99 1
January 1981[1] 20 3 57 20 0 100 0
April 1981[3] 19 3 57 20 0 99 1
June 1981[4] 18 3 57 20 0 98 2
July 1981[5] 20 3 57 20 0 100 0
November 1981[6][7] 19 3 57 20 0 99 1
December 1981[8] 18 3 57 20 0 98 2
February 1982[9] 19 3 57 20 0 99 1
4 March 1982[10] 12 3 57 20 7 99 1
6 March 1982[11] 11 3 57 20 8 99 1
9 March 1982[11][12] 10 3 57 20 9 99 1
April 1982[13] 11 3 57 20 9 100 0
24 June 1982[14] 11 3 57 19 9 99 1
19 August 1982[15] 10 3 57 18 9 98 2
25 August 1982[14] 10 3 57 19 9 98 2
Late 1982[8] 9 3 56 19 9 97 3
18 January 1983[16] 10 3 57 20 9 99 1
19 April 1983[17] 10 3 57 20 10 100 0
Mid-1983[18] 9 3 57 20 10 99 1
30 September 1983[18] 9 3 57 20 11 100 0
1 January 1984[19] 8 3 57 20 11 99 1
February 1984[19] 8 3 57 20 12 100 0
1 October 1984[20] 8 3 57 19 12 99 1
October 1984[21] 8 3 56 19 12 98 2
December 1984[22] 7 3 56 19 12 97 3
1985[23][24] 6 3 56 20 13 98 2

Senate[]

Common seats[]

Name Party Notes Ref.
Bernard Chidzero ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
Joseph Culverwell ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF Left office in 1982.[note 3] [25][26][27]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
Simbi Mubako ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF Died 9 November 1984.[note 4] [25][26][28]
Enos Nkala ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
Rekayi Tangwena ZANU–PF [25][26]
ZANU–PF [25][26]
Joseph Msika PF–ZAPU [25][26]
Garfield Todd PF–ZAPU [25][26]
Denis Norman Independent [25][26]
Chief [26]
Chief [26]
Chief [26]
Chief [26]
Chief [26]
Chief [26]
Kayisa Ndiweni Chief [26]
Chief [26]
Chief [26]
Chief [26]

White seats[]

Name Party Notes Ref.
Rhodesian Front[note 5] [25][26]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] [25][26]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Left office before 1984. [25][26]
Ken Fleming Rhodesian Front[note 5] [25][26]
Douglas Hamilton Ritchie Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned September 1980.[note 6] [25][26]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] [25][26]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Left office before 1984. [25][26]
Mark Partridge Rhodesian Front[note 5] [25][26]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Died 2 April 1983.[note 7] [25][26]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] [25][26]

House of Assembly[]

Common seats[]

Name Party Province Notes Ref.
ZANU–PF Manicaland
Maurice Nyagumbo ZANU–PF Manicaland
Didymus Mutasa ZANU���PF Manicaland
ZANU–PF Manicaland
Frederick Shava ZANU–PF Manicaland
Victoria Chitepo ZANU–PF Manicaland
Naomi Nhiwatiwa ZANU–PF Manicaland
Moven Mahachi ZANU–PF Manicaland
ZANU–PF Manicaland
ZANU–PF Manicaland
ZANU–PF Manicaland
Edgar Tekere ZANU–PF Mashonaland Central
Joice Mujuru ZANU–PF Mashonaland Central
Sydney Sekeramayi ZANU–PF Mashonaland Central
ZANU–PF Mashonaland Central Resigned October 1980.[note 8] [29]
ZANU–PF Mashonaland Central
ZANU–PF Mashonaland Central
Robert Mugabe ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
Witness Mangwende ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East Died 16/01/2021 at 90 years
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
Godfrey Chidyausiku ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland East
Abel Muzorewa UANC Mashonaland East
UANC Mashonaland East
ZANU–PF Mashonaland West
ZANU–PF Mashonaland West
Nathan Shamuyarira ZANU–PF Mashonaland West
ZANU–PF Mashonaland West
ZANU–PF Mashonaland West
ZANU–PF Mashonaland West
PF–ZAPU Mashonaland West Resigned October 1980.[note 9]
UANC Mashonaland West
Herbert Ushewokunze ZANU–PF Matabeleland North
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North Died 24 June 1982.[note 10]
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North
Jini Ntuta PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North Died 19 November 1984.
John Nkomo PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North
Ruth Chinamano PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North
Jane Ngwenya PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North
Thenjiwe Lesabe PF–ZAPU Matabeleland North
George Silundika PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South Died 9 April 1981.
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South Expelled 19 August 1982.[note 11] [15]
PF–ZAPU Matabeleland South Sworn on 18 January 1983. [16]
Simon Muzenda ZANU–PF Midlands
ZANU–PF Midlands
Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANU–PF Midlands
ZANU–PF Midlands
Simba Makoni ZANU–PF Midlands
ZANU–PF Midlands
Julia Tukai Zvobgo ZANU–PF Midlands
ZANU–PF Midlands
Joshua Nkomo PF–ZAPU Midlands
PF–ZAPU Midlands
Cephas Msipa PF–ZAPU Midlands
PF–ZAPU Midlands
ZANU–PF Victoria[note 12]
ZANU–PF Victoria
Eddison Zvobgo ZANU–PF Victoria
Sheba Tavarwisa ZANU–PF Victoria
ZANU–PF Victoria
Simon Mazorodze ZANU–PF Victoria
ZANU–PF Victoria
ZANU–PF Victoria Convicted October 1984.[note 13] [21]
ZANU–PF Victoria
ZANU–PF Victoria
ZANU–PF Victoria
Source:[30]

White seats[]

Name Party Constituency Notes Ref.
John Landau Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] [11]
Independent (from 1982)
David Smith Rhodesian Front Resigned 30 April 1981.[note 14] [3]
Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] Bulawayo Central [10]
Independent (from 1982)
Denis Walker Rhodesian Front[note 5] Expelled 19 August 1982.[note 15] [15]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Bulawayo South Criminal conviction in 1982.[note 16] [8][11]
Rowan Cronjé Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned November 1981.[note 17] [6][7][8][9]
Rhodesian Front[note 5]
P. K. van der Byl Rhodesian Front[note 5]
Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] [10]
Independent (from 1982)
Rhodesian Front Resigned 1980.[note 18] [1]
Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] [10]
Independent (from 1982)
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Died 1 January 1984.[note 19] [19]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned 1983.[note 20] [18]
Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] [10]
Independent (from 1982)
Rhodesian Front Resigned June 1981.[note 21] [4][5]
Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] [10]
Independent (from 1982)
Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] [10]
Independent (from 1982)
Rhodesian Front (until 1982)[note 5] [10]
Independent (from 1982)
Ian Smith Rhodesian Front[note 5]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned December 1981.[note 22] [8][13]

Membership changes[]

Senate[]

Vacated by Party Reason for change Successor Party Installed Ref.
Douglas Hamilton Ritchie Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned September 1980 due to ill health. Archibald Wilson Rhodesian Front[note 5] 11 February 1981 [31]
Archibald Wilson Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned in 1982 due to ill health. Independent August 1982 [32][33]
ZANU–PF Criminal conviction in 1982.[note 3] Missing [27]
Missing Independent April 1983 [32]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Died 2 April 1983.[note 23] Independent May 1983 [32][34]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Left office before 1984. Missing [25]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Left office before 1984. Missing [25]
Missing Rhodesian Front[note 5] Before 1984 [25][26]
ZANU–PF Died 9 November 1984.[note 4] Missing [28]
Missing Chief Chief Before 1984. [25][26]

House of Assembly[]

Constituency/province Vacated by Party Reason for change Successor Party Installed Ref.
Victoria ZANU–PF Became president of the Senate in May 1980. Missing [35]
Mashonaland West PF–ZAPU Resigned October 1980 to become ambassador to West Germany. Josiah Chinamano PF–ZAPU 1981 [2][36]
Mashonaland Central ZANU–PF Resigned October 1980 to become high commissioner to Tanzania. ZANU–PF 1981 [36]
Rhodesian Front Resigned 1980. Rhodesian Front[note 24] January 1981 [1][10]
David Smith Rhodesian Front Resigned 30 April 1981. Republican Front[note 5] July 1981 [3][5]
Matabeleland South George Silundika PF–ZAPU Died 9 April 1981. Missing
Rhodesian Front Resigned June 1981 to form Democratic Party.[note 25] Rhodesian Front[note 26] July 1981 [4][5][23]
Rowan Cronjé Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned November 1981 to emigrate.[note 27] Republican Front[note 5] February 1982 [6][7][8][9]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned December 1981 due to ill health. Republican Front[note 5] April 1982 [8][13]
Bulawayo South Rhodesian Front[note 5] Criminal conviction in 1982.[note 16] Independent 19 April 1983 [8][17][37]
PF–ZAPU Died 24 June 1982. PF–ZAPU 25 August 1982 [14]
Matabeleland South PF–ZAPU Expelled 19 August 1982 for missing 21 consecutive sittings. Missing [15]
Denis Walker Rhodesian Front[note 5] Expelled 19 August 1982 for missing 21 consecutive sittings. Republican Front[note 5] 18 January 1983. [15][16]
Mashonaland East Missing ZANU–PF 18 January 1983 [16]
Matabeleland South Missing ZAPU–PF 18 January 1983 [16]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned 1983 to emigrate to South Africa. Jock Kay Independent October 1983 [18]
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Died 1 January 1984.[note 28] Independent February 1984 [19]
Mashonaland West Josiah Chinamano PF–ZAPU Died 1 October 1984. PF–ZAPU 1985 [20][24]
Masvingo ZANU–PF Criminal conviction in October 1984. Missing [21]
Matabeleland North Jini Ntuta PF–ZAPU Died 19 November 1984. Missing
Rhodesian Front[note 5] Resigned December 1984 after emigrating to the United Kingdom. Missing [22]

Notes and references[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ a b The Rhodesian Front was succeeded in 1981 by the Republican Front, and in 1984 by the Conservative Alliance of Zimbabwe.
  2. ^ a b Includes members of the , a bloc formed by white independent MPs in 1983.
  3. ^ a b Makunde was convicted of ordering seven followers to burn down ZAPU offices.
  4. ^ a b Ndlovu was assassinated by ZAPU rebels at his home in Beitbridge, Matabeleland South.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as The Rhodesian Front was succeeded in 1981 by the Republican Front, and in 1984 by the Conservative Alliance of Zimbabwe.
  6. ^ Hamilton Ritchie was succeeded on 11 February 1981 by Archie Wilson. Wilson resigned in 1982 and was succeeded by in August 1982.
  7. ^ Savage was succeeded by Brian Grubb in May 1983.
  8. ^ Masango was appointed high commissioner to Tanzania. He was succeeded by in January 1981.
  9. ^ Chambati was appointed ambassador to West Germany. He was succeeded by Josiah Chinamano in January 1981. Chinamano died on 1 October 1984 and was succeeded by .
  10. ^ Mangena was succeeded by Sikajaya Andrew Muntanga on 25 August 1982.
  11. ^ Ndlovu missed 21 consecutive sittings of Parliament, the threshold for expulsion. He had fled to Zambia.
  12. ^ Victoria Province was renamed Masvingo Province in 1982.
  13. ^ Bassopo Moyo served in Parliament until his 1984 criminal conviction.
  14. ^ Smith was succeeded by in July 1981.
  15. ^ Walker was succeeded by on 18 January 1983.
  16. ^ a b Beginning in December 1981, Stuttaford was detained by Zimbabwean authorities under emergency powers. He was later released before being detained again.
  17. ^ Cronjé resigned to take a job offer outside Zimbabwe. He was succeeded by in February 1982.
  18. ^ Gaunt was succeeded by in January 1981.
  19. ^ Goddard was succeeded by in February 1984.
  20. ^ Tapson was succeeded by Jock Kay in October 1983.
  21. ^ Holland was succeeded by in July 1981.
  22. ^ Moseley was succeeded by in April 1982.
  23. ^ Savage was murdered at his Matabeleland farm by ZAPU rebels.
  24. ^ Thrush was elected as a Rhodesian Front member, but resigned to become an independent on 4 March 1982.
  25. ^ Holland ran unsuccessfully as the Democratic Party candidate in the by-election to win his former seat.
  26. ^ York was elected as a Rhodesian Front member, but resigned to become an independent in 1985.
  27. ^ Cronjé emigrated to take a job offer in another Southern African country.
  28. ^ Goddard died in a fall over a waterfall.

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1980. p. 5927.
  2. ^ a b Zimbabwe News. Zimbabwe African National Union. 1998. p. 11.
  3. ^ a b c Sub-Saharan Africa Report. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1981. p. 135.
  4. ^ a b c Zimbabwe, a Country Study. U.S. Department of the Army. 1983. p. 214.
  5. ^ a b c d Foisie, Jack (1981-07-16). "Ian Smith Political Gains Aggravate Zimbabwe's Black-White Relations". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  6. ^ a b c Annual of Power and Conflict. Institute for the Study of Conflict. 1982.
  7. ^ a b c Sub-Saharan Africa Report. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1982.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h "MP quit 'to enjoy rest of my life'" (PDF). The Star. 1982-01-05. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  9. ^ a b c Sub-Saharan Africa Report. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1985. p. 108.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i Ross, Jay (1982-03-04). "White Party Splits in Zimbabwe". Washington Post. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  11. ^ a b c d News Bulletin. The Project. 1982. p. 20.
  12. ^ "White party in Zimbabwe suffers another defection". Christian Science Monitor. 1982-03-10. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
  13. ^ a b c Ross, Jay (1982-04-09). "Whites Rebuff Mugabe's Election". Washington Post. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  14. ^ a b c Service, British Broadcasting Corporation Monitoring (1982). Summary of World Broadcasts: Non-Arab Africa.
  15. ^ a b c d e Chikova, Lovemore (2003-06-09). "House Resumes Sitting Tomorrow". The Herald. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  16. ^ a b c d e Parliamentary Debates. House of Assembly of Zimbabwe. 1982. p. 799.
  17. ^ a b Parliamentary Debates. Zimbabwe House of Assembly. 1983. p. 23.
  18. ^ a b c d Keesing's Contemporary Archives. Keesing's Limited. 1983. p. 757.
  19. ^ a b c d Southern Africa Report. Southern Africa Report Association. 1984. p. 80.
  20. ^ a b "Nationalist leader Chinamano dies". UPI. 1984-10-02. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  21. ^ a b c Keesing's Contemporary Archives. Keesing's Limited. 1985.
  22. ^ a b "MP quits". The Guardian. 1984-12-07. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  23. ^ a b Independent Zimbabwe. Department of Information, Government of Zimbabwe. 1985. p. 4.
  24. ^ a b Human Rights Internet Reporter. 1985. p. 358.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah A Concise Guide to the First Parliament of Zimbabwe. Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunications Publication of Zimbabwe. 1984. p. 25.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap Cary, Robert; Mitchell, Diana (1980). "Parliament of Zimbabwe - 1980 - Senators". African Nationalist Leaders - Rhodesia to Zimbabwe.
  27. ^ a b "Zimbabwe trial". The Age. 1982-01-07. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  28. ^ a b "2 Zimbabwe Opposition Officials Dismissed". The New York Times. 1984-11-13. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  29. ^ A Concise Guide to the First Parliament of Zimbabwe. Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunications Publication for the Government of Zimbabwe. 1984. p. 17.
  30. ^ Cary, Robert; Mitchell, Diana (1980). "Members of Parliament - Government of Zimbabwe 1980". African Nationalist Leaders - Rhodesia to Zimbabwe.
  31. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts: Non-Arab Africa. British Broadcasting Corporation. 1981. p. 6.
  32. ^ a b c Keesing's Contemporary Archives. Keesing's Limited. 1983. p. 477.
  33. ^ News Bulletin. Zimbabwe Project. 1982. p. 5.
  34. ^ Kalley, Jacqueline Audrey; Schoeman, Elna; Andor, Lydia Eve (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 723. ISBN 978-0-313-30247-3.
  35. ^ Sub-Saharan Africa Report. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1980. p. 201.
  36. ^ a b Mitchell, Diana (1982). Who's Who, 1981-82: Nationalist Leaders in Zimbabwe. pp. 75–77. ISBN 978-0-7974-0497-7.
  37. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1982. p. 6800.
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