List of non-marine molluscs of Nepal

Location of Nepal

The non-marine molluscs of Nepal are a complete molluscan fauna of Nepal (wildlife of Nepal, environment of Nepal), because Nepal is landlocked country.

A number of species of non-marine molluscs are found in the wild in Nepal.

Summary table of number of species

(Summary table is based on species counted in this list and include also those ones with question marks)

	Nepal
freshwater gastropods	>10
land gastropods	138 species^[1]
gastropods altogether	???
bivalves	>4
molluscs altogether	???
non-indigenous gastropods in the wild	?? freshwater and ?? land
non-indigenous hot-house alien gastropods	?
non-indigenous bivalves in the wild	?
non-indigenous hot-house alien bivalves	?
non-indigenous molluscs altogether	?

Land slug lives in altitudes 4,700–4,800 m a.s.l. in Nepal. It is the highest locality where occurrence of land slugs was recorded.^[2]

Freshwater gastropods[]

Freshwater gastropods in Nepal include:

Viviparidae

Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822)^[3]

Ampullariidae

Pila globosa (Swainsen, 1822)^[3]

Thiaridae

Tarebia granifera (Lamarck, 1822)^[3]

Pachychilidae

Brotia costula (Rafinesque, 1833)^[3]

Lymnaeidae

Austropeplea viridis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
Lymnaea acuminata Lamarck, 1822^[3]
Radix luteola (Lamarck, 1822)^[3]

Planorbidae

Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes, 1834)^[3]
Gyraulus convexiusculus (Hutton, 1849)^[3]

Land gastropods[]

Land gastropods in Nepal include:

Alycaeidae

Godwin-Austen, 1874^[1]
Godwin-Austen, 1914^[1]
Godwin-Austen, 1914^[1]
(Godwin-Austen, 1874)^[1]
(H.F. Blanford, 1871)^[1]
(Godwin-Austen, 1874)^[1]
(Godwin-Austen, 1876)^[1]
(Benson, 1858)^[1]
(Benson, 1859)^[1]
(L. Pfeiffer, 1846)^[1]
(Benson, 1857)^[1]
(Godwin-Austen, 1914)^[1]

Cyclophoridae

Cyclophorus fulguratus (L. Pfeiffer, 1852)^[1]
Benson, 1854^[1]
Cyclophorus aurantiacus (Schumacher, 1817) - doubtful^[1]
sp.^[1]
(Benson, 1851)^[1]
Pterocyclos cf. Godwin-Austen, 1915^[1]

Diplommatinidae

Budha & Naggs, 2017^[4]
Walther & Hausdorf, 2020^[5]
Godwin-Austen, 1886^[4]
Budha & Naggs, 2017^[4]
(L. Pfeiffer, 1846)^[4]
Budha & Naggs, 2017^[4]
Budha & Naggs, 2017^[4]
Godwin-Austen, 1917^[4]
Godwin-Austen, 1892^[4]
Fulton, 1901^[4]
Benson, 1857^[4]
Fulton, 1901^[4]
Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[4]
Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[4]
Godwin-Austen, 1886^[4]
W. T. Blanford, 1862^[4]
Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[4]

Pupinidae

Gastrocoptidae

(Benson, 1849)^[6]

Pyramidula kuznetsovi

Pyramidulidae

Pyramidula kuznetsovi Schileyko & Balashov, 2012^[7]

Valloniidae

Gerber & Bößneck, 2009^[8]
Gerber & Bößneck, 2009^[8]
Gerber & Bößneck, 2009^[8]
(Nevill, 1878)^[8]
Vallonia tenuilabris (Braun, 1843)^[8]

Limacidae

Wiktor & Bössneck, 2004^[2]

Ariophantidae

^[3]
(Morlet, 1891)^[9]

Achatinidae

Achatina fulica (Férussac, 1821)^[3]

Glessula orobia (Benson, 1860)^[10]

Glessula cf. Godwin-Austen, 1920^[10]
Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[10]
(Benson, 1860)^[10]
Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[10]
Rishetia cf. Godwin-Austen, 1920^[10]
Budha & Naggs, 2017^[10]
Budha & Naggs, 2017^[10]
Budha & Naggs, 2017^[10]
Budha, 2017^[10]

Plectopylidae

Budha & Páll-Gergely, 2015^[11]
Budha & Páll-Gergely, 2015^[11]
(Godwin-Austen, 1879)^[11]
Budha & Páll-Gergely, 2015^[11]

Anadenidae

(Theobald, 1862)^[12]
Kuzminykh & Schilyko, 2005^[13]
Wiktor, 2001^[12]

Freshwater bivalves[]

Unionidae

(Lamarck, 1819)^[3]

^[3]
deltae (Benson)^[3]
(Simpson)^[3]

References[]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Budha P., Naggs F. & Backeljau T. (2015). "Annotated Checklist of the Terrestrial Gastropods of Nepal". ZooKeys 492: 1-48. doi:10.3897/zookeys.492.9175.
^ ^a ^b Wiktor A. & Bössneck U. (2004). "Limax (Limax) seticus n. sp. from high mountains in Nepal (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Limacidae)". 12(4): 183–187. doi:10.12657/folmal.012.017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Surana R., Subba B. R. & Limbu K. P. (2004). "Report of Molluscs from Chimdi lake (Birju Tal), Sunsari district, Eastern Nepal". Our Nature 2(1). doi:10.3126/on.v2i1.325.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Budha, Prem B.; Naggs, Fred; Backeljau, Thierry (21 July 2017). "The genus Diplommatina Benson, 1849 (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Diplommatinidae) in Nepal, with the description of seven new species". European Journal of Taxonomy (337). doi:10.5852/ejt.2017.337.
^ Walther, Frank; Hausdorf, Bernhard (23 January 2020). "Diplommatina boessnecki n. sp. from Nepal (Gastropoda: Diplommatinidae)". Zootaxa. 4728 (3): 398–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4728.3.11.
^ Meng, Stefan; Bößneck, Ulrich (17 December 2018). "Gastrocopta armigerella (Reinhardt, 1877) and Gastrocopta theeli (Westerlund, 1877) in western Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan, and their further occurrence in Asia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pupilloidea)". ZooKeys. 807: 1–11. doi:10.3897/zookeys.807.29113. PMID 30595650.
^ Schileyko A. A. & Balashov I. A. (2012). "Pyramidula kuznetsovi sp. nov. a new species of land molluscs from Nepal (Pulmonata, Pyramidulidae)". Ruthenica 22(1): 41–45. PDF.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Gerber, J.; Bößneck, U. (2009). "The genus Vallonia in Nepal (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Valloniidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 138 (1): 43–52.
^ A. A. Schileyko (2011). "Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Ruthenica 21(1): 1-68.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Budha, Prem B.; Naggs, Fred; Backeljau, Thierry (23 May 2017). "Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species". ZooKeys. 675: 129–156. doi:10.3897/zookeys.675.13252. PMID 28769682.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Páll-Gergely, Barna; Budha, Prem; Naggs, Fred; Backeljau, Thierry; Asami, Takahiro (26 October 2015). "Review of the genus Endothyrella Zilch, 1960 with description of five new species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Plectopylidae)". ZooKeys. 529: 1–70. doi:10.3897/zookeys.529.6139. PMID 26692792.
^ ^a ^b Wiktor, A. (2001). "A review of Anadenidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), with a description of a new species". Folia Malacologica. 9 (1): 3–26.
^ Kuzminykh, A.A.; Schileyko, A.A. (2005). "Slugs of the family Anadenidae Pilsbry, 1948 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) with descriptions of two new subgenera and three new species". Ruthenica. 15 (2): 109–118.

External links[]

(in German) Bössneck U. (2006). "Ökologie und Verbreitung der Nacktschnecken im Nepal-Himalaya (Molluca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata)". In: Hartmann M. & Weipert J. (Eds) Biodiversität und Naturausstattung im Himalaya. Bandung 2: 39–48.
Budha P. B. (2005). "Nepalese malacology trails behind “Catch up”". Himalayan Journal of Sciences 3(5): 9–10.
Budha P. B., Mordan P. B., Naggs F. & Backeljau T. (2012). "Darwininitium – a new fully pseudosigmurethrous orthurethran genus from Nepal (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Cerastidae)". ZooKeys 175: 19–26. doi:10.3897/zookeys.175.2755.
Khanal S. & Budha P. B. (2013). "Terrestrial gastropod fauna of Nagarjun forest, Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park, Kathmandu, Nepal". Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University 18(1): 113–119.
Kuznetsov A. G. (1996). "Himalodiscus aculeatus Kuznetsov, gen. et sp. nov. (Pulmonata, Endodontidae) from Nepal". Ruthenica 5(2): 163–165.
Kuznetsov A. G. & Schileyko A. A. (1997). "New data on Enidae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) of Nepal". Ruthenica 7(2): 133–140.
Kuznetsov A. G. & Schileyko A. A. (1999). "Two new species of the genus Pupinidius Moellendorff, 1901 (Enidae, Pulmonata), and the distribution of the genus in Nepal". Ruthenica 9(2): 117–121.
Limbu K. P., Subba B. R. & Rai B. K. (2???). "Nutritional Status of Three Species of Molluscs in Nepal". In: Gupta V .K., Verma A. K. & Singh G. D. (eds), pp. 232–239. Perspectives in animal ecology and reproduction, Edition: vol. 9, Chapter: 10, Daya Publishing House. PDF.
Raut S. K. (1999). "The giant African land snail Achatina fulica Bowdich in Nepal and Bhutan". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96(1): 173.
Schileyko A. A. & Frank C. (1994). "Some terrestrial Mollusca of the Nepalesian fauna". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 123(1/6): 127–136.
Subba B. R. (2003). "Molluscan checklist of Ghodaghodi Tal area, Kailali District". Our Nature 1: 1–2.
Subba B. R. & Ghosh T. K. (2000). "Some freshwater molluscs from eastern and central Nepal". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 97(3): 452-455.
Subba B. R. & Ghosh T. K. (2001). "Terrestrial mollusks from Nepal". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 98(1): 58–61.
Subba B. R. & Ghosh T. K. (2008). "Report on some terrestrial molluscs from different regions of Nepal". Journal of Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan University 23: 78–81.
Subba B. R., Limbu K. P. & Rai B. K. (2012). "Food value of edible molluscs of eastern Nepal:The lesser utilized food in Nepal". Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, ISBN 978-3-659-21584-1. PDF.

[Budha_2015-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Budha P., Naggs F. & Backeljau T. (2015). "Annotated Checklist of the Terrestrial Gastropods of Nepal". ZooKeys 492: 1-48. doi:10.3897/zookeys.492.9175.

[Wiktor_2004-2] Wiktor A. & Bössneck U. (2004). "Limax (Limax) seticus n. sp. from high mountains in Nepal (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Limacidae)". 12(4): 183–187. doi:10.12657/folmal.012.017.

[Surana_2004-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Surana R., Subba B. R. & Limbu K. P. (2004). "Report of Molluscs from Chimdi lake (Birju Tal), Sunsari district, Eastern Nepal". Our Nature 2(1). doi:10.3126/on.v2i1.325.

[Budha_2017-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Budha, Prem B.; Naggs, Fred; Backeljau, Thierry (21 July 2017). "The genus Diplommatina Benson, 1849 (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Diplommatinidae) in Nepal, with the description of seven new species". European Journal of Taxonomy (337). doi:10.5852/ejt.2017.337.

[5] Walther, Frank; Hausdorf, Bernhard (23 January 2020). "Diplommatina boessnecki n. sp. from Nepal (Gastropoda: Diplommatinidae)". Zootaxa. 4728 (3): 398–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4728.3.11.

[6] Meng, Stefan; Bößneck, Ulrich (17 December 2018). "Gastrocopta armigerella (Reinhardt, 1877) and Gastrocopta theeli (Westerlund, 1877) in western Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan, and their further occurrence in Asia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pupilloidea)". ZooKeys. 807: 1–11. doi:10.3897/zookeys.807.29113. PMID 30595650.

[7] Schileyko A. A. & Balashov I. A. (2012). "Pyramidula kuznetsovi sp. nov. a new species of land molluscs from Nepal (Pulmonata, Pyramidulidae)". Ruthenica 22(1): 41–45. PDF.

[Gerber-8] Gerber, J.; Bößneck, U. (2009). "The genus Vallonia in Nepal (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Valloniidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 138 (1): 43–52.

[9] A. A. Schileyko (2011). "Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Ruthenica 21(1): 1-68.

[Budha17-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Budha, Prem B.; Naggs, Fred; Backeljau, Thierry (23 May 2017). "Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species". ZooKeys. 675: 129–156. doi:10.3897/zookeys.675.13252. PMID 28769682.

[Budha15-11] Páll-Gergely, Barna; Budha, Prem; Naggs, Fred; Backeljau, Thierry; Asami, Takahiro (26 October 2015). "Review of the genus Endothyrella Zilch, 1960 with description of five new species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Plectopylidae)". ZooKeys. 529: 1–70. doi:10.3897/zookeys.529.6139. PMID 26692792.

[Wiktor_2001-12] Wiktor, A. (2001). "A review of Anadenidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), with a description of a new species". Folia Malacologica. 9 (1): 3–26.

[13] Kuzminykh, A.A.; Schileyko, A.A. (2005). "Slugs of the family Anadenidae Pilsbry, 1948 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) with descriptions of two new subgenera and three new species". Ruthenica. 15 (2): 109–118.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]