This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by with reliable sources .
Nonlinear narrative is a storytelling technique in which the events are depicted, for example, out of chronological order, or in other ways where the narrative does not follow the direct causality pattern of the events featured, such as parallel distinctive plot lines, dream immersions, flashbacks , flashforwards or narrating another story inside the main plot-line .[1]
In television, there are several examples of works that use this kind of narrative, although not all of them use it in the same way. In spite of it being more commonly used on dramas , it can also be found on comedies.
This technique is used for different purposes, such as serving as a narrative hook , to mimic human memory or to explore the past of the story without leaving its present completely aside. In addition, not all television series use this technique in the same extent; some of them use it only in certain episodes, e.g. Fringe , others only in certain seasons, e.g. Breaking Bad , while others do throughout their entire run, e.g. Lost .[2]
1950s [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
1959―1963
The Untouchables
Crime drama
ABC
1980s [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
1989―present
The Simpsons
Animated sitcom
Fox
Features flashback and flashforward episodes, dream immersions and scattered narrative. Characters do not age and few things fundamentally change between episodes, although episodes refer to one another's events in complex ways. Continuity is deliberately broken, with minor characters' backstories being revised frequently.
[3] [4] [5]
1990s [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
1990―1991
Twin Peaks
Drama
ABC
[6]
1993―2002, 2016―2018
The X-Files
Drama
FOX
Features nonlinear narrative with several flashback episodes.
1994―2004
Friends
Sitcom
NBC
Features several flashback episodes such as The One with the Flashback , The One With The Invitation , and The One with All the Thanksgivings
[7]
1997―2003
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Supernatural teen drama
The WB
Features nonlinear narrative particularly from season 2 onwards
[8]
1999―2004
Angel
Supernatural drama
The WB
Features flashbacks
[9]
1999―2007
The Sopranos
Crime drama
HBO
Features flashbacks in certain episodes, such as Down Neck
[10]
2000s [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2002
Firefly
Science fiction western
Fox
Only in episode Out of Gas
[11]
2000―2006
Malcolm in the Middle
Comedy
Fox
Mainly through the use of flashbacks, especially episodes Flashback and Bowling
[12]
2000―2004
Coupling
Comedy
BBC Two
2002
Boomtown
Action -drama
NBC
2003―2006 2013―present
Arrested Development
Comedy
Fox (season 1 -3 ) Netflix (season 4 -present)
Especially season 4
[13]
2004―2010
House
Medical drama
Fox
Features flashbacks in certain episodes, such as Two Stories , Three Stories , and Lockdown .
[14]
2004―2010
Lost
Drama
ABC
Features three main storylines; the past, the present and an alternative present
[15]
2005―present
Doctor Who
Science fiction drama
BBC
Features time travel and flashbacks
[16] [17]
2005―2014
How I Met Your Mother
Comedy
CBS
Features flashbacks, flashforwards and unreliable narrators
[18]
2006―2013
30 Rock
Comedy
NBC
Mainly through the use of flashbacks and smash cuts .
2006―2012
One Tree Hill
Drama
The CW
Particularly season 5
[19]
2006―2010
Heroes
Drama
NBC
2007―2012
Damages
Drama
FX
2008―2013
Breaking Bad
Drama
AMC
Only Pilot , season 2 and season 5
[20] [21] [22]
2009―2011
Ezel
Crime drama
Show TV ATV
2009―2010
FlashForward
Drama
ABC
[23]
2009―2017
The Vampire Diaries
Fantasy drama
The CW
Features flashbacks and flashforwards
[24] [25]
2010s [ ]
2010 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2010―2014
Boardwalk Empire
Period drama
HBO
Only episode Under God's Power She Flourishes and season 5
[26] [27] [28]
2010
The Event
Science fiction
NBC
2010―present
The Walking Dead
Horror drama
AMC
Features flashbacks and parallel story lines
[29] [30] [31] [32]
2010―2017
Pretty Little Liars
Teen drama
ABC Family
Features flashbacks
[33]
2011 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2011―present
American Horror Story
Horror drama
FX
Flashbacks and dream immersions
[34] [35] [36]
2011―2018
New Girl
Sitcom
Fox
Features flashbacks particularly in certain episodes, such as Virgins
[37]
2011―2016
Person of Interest
Science fiction
CBS
Features extensive use of flashbacks and in media res
[38] [39]
2011―2018
Once Upon a Time
Fantasy drama
ABC
Features extensive use of flashbacks
[40]
2012 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2012
Alcatraz
Science fiction
Fox
Only through the use of flashbacks and flash-forwards
[41]
2012―2020
Arrow
Superhero
The CW
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[42] [43] [44]
2012
Son
Thriller
ATV
2012―2014
Revolution
Science fiction
NBC
2012
The Returned
Drama
Canal+
2013 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2013―present
Attack on Titan
Action drama
MBS , NHK
The series features several flashbacks, while its extra episodes (or OVA ) are all anachronic.
[45]
2013
20 Dakika
Thriller
Star TV
2013―2014
Once Upon a Time in Wonderland
Fantasy drama
ABC
2013
Deception
Soap opera
NBC
2013―2015
Hannibal
Drama
NBC
Especially season 3
[46]
2013
Golden Boy
Drama
CBS
2013―2017
Orphan Black
Science fiction
BBC America
Especially Season 4
[47]
2013―2019
Orange Is the New Black
Comedy drama
Netflix
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[48]
2013―2018
The Originals
Fantasy drama
The CW
Extensive use of flashbacks
[49]
2013―2019
Ray Donovan
Drama
Showtime
Features flashbacks
[50] [51]
2014 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2014―2020
The 100
Science fiction
The CW
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[52]
2014―2020
BoJack Horseman
Adult animation
Netflix
Mainly through the use of flashbacks and dream immersions
[53] [54]
2014―present
Black-ish
Comedy
ABC
Mainly though the use of flashbacks
[55]
2014―2019
Gotham
Crime-drama
Fox
Only certain episodes, such as Spirit of the Goat
[56]
2014―2019
Jane the Virgin
Comedy drama
The CW
Every episode features a flashback to the title character's past, typically her childhood
[57]
2014―2016
Penny Dreadful
Fantasy drama
Showtime
Features a flashback episode, "Closer Than Sisters"
[58]
2014―present
Rick and Morty
Science fiction adult animated sitcom
Adult Swim
Features time travel, alternate and intertwining timelines
[59] [60]
2014―2019
The Affair
Drama
Showtime
Using unreliable narrators, the same events are revisited twice, according to the perception of each character
[61]
2014―2019
Transparent
Comedy drama
Amazon Prime
Features flashbacks
[62]
2014―present
True Detective
Drama
HBO
Especially season 1
[63] [64]
2014―2020
How to Get Away with Murder
Drama
ABC
In medias res narrative
[65]
2014―present
The Flash
Superhero
The CW
Time travel, parallel timelines and flashbacks
[66] [67]
2014
The Honourable Woman
Political -spy thriller
BBC Two
Features flashbacks
[68]
2014
Manhattan Love Story
Romantic comedy
ABC
2014―2016
The Missing
Drama
BBC One
Features flashbacks
[69]
2014―2017
The Strain
Horror drama
FX
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[70]
2014―2017
The Leftovers
Drama
HBO
Through the use of dream immersions and flashbacks
[71] [72]
2014―2015
A to Z
Comedy
NBC
2014―2015
Forever
Drama
ABC
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[73]
2015 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2015―2016
Aquarius
Period drama
NBC
Through the use of flashbacks and dream immersions
2015―2016
Wayward Pines
Drama
Fox
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[74]
2015
Connected
Documentary
AOL On
2015―2018
12 Monkeys
Science fiction
Syfy
Time travel
[75]
2015―2017
American Crime
Drama
ABC
Features flashbacks and dream immersions
[76] [77] [78]
2015―2017
Bloodline
Drama
Netflix
Flashforwards used as a narrative hook
[79]
2015―2018
Daredevil
Superhero
Netflix
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[80]
2015―present
Fear the Walking Dead
Post-apocalyptic drama
AMC
Uses multiple timelines, particularly in Season 4
[81] [82]
2015―2019
Marvel's Jessica Jones
Superhero
Netflix
Through the use of flashbacks and dream immersions
[83]
2015―2019
Sneaky Pete
Crime Drama
Amazon Originals
Through the use of flashbacks and multiple concurrent plot-lines
[84]
2015―2018
Lovesick
Comedy drama
Netflix
Each episode explores a period in the protagonist's past
[85]
2015―2017
Master of None
Comedy
Netflix
Through the use of flashbacks
[86] [87]
2015―2020
Fresh Off the Boat
Comedy
ABC
Only through the use of flashbacks
[88]
2015―2018
Humans
Science fiction
Channel 4 and AMC
Only through the use of flashbacks
[89]
2015―2019
Mr. Robot
Drama
USA Network
Through the use of dream immersions
[90]
2015―2017
Narcos
Drama
Netflix
Only in flashbacks
[91]
2015―2018
Sense8
Science fiction
Netflix
Only certain episodes, such as I Can't Leave Her
[92]
2015
The Whispers
Science fiction
ABC
Features flashbacks
[93]
2015―2018
Quantico
Drama
ABC
In medias res
[94]
2015
You, Me and the Apocalypse
Comedy drama
Sky 1 and NBC
Features flashbacks
[95]
2016 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2016
11.22.63
Science fiction
Hulu
Time travel
[96]
2016―present
Atlanta
Comedy drama
FX
Features a flashback episode, FUBU
[97]
2016
The Night Manager
Espionage drama
BBC One , AMC
Features flashbacks
[98]
2016―present
American Crime Story
Crime drama
FX
Features flashbacks
[99] [100]
2016―2019
Fleabag
Comedy drama
BBC One
Features flashbacks and dream immersions
[101]
2016
Vinyl
Drama
HBO
Mainly through the use of flashbacks and dream immersions
[102] [103]
2016
Damien
Drama
A&E
Features flashbacks
[104]
2016
The Family
Drama
ABC
Features flashbacks
[105]
2016―2018
The Path
Drama
Hulu
Mainly through the use of flashbacks and dream immersions
[106] [107]
2016
Containment
Drama
The CW
Features flashbacks
[108]
2016―2018
Lady Dynamite
Dark comedy
Netflix
This series features three narrative times, two different storylines in the past and one in the present
[109] [110] [111]
2016―2017
Outcast
Drama
Cinemax
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[112]
2016―2019
Preacher
Drama
AMC
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[113]
2016―present
Stranger Things
Drama
Netflix
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[114]
2016―present
This Is Us
Drama
NBC
Features extensive flashbacks and flashforwards
[115] [116] [117]
2016―2020
The Good Place
Comedy
NBC and Netflix
Features flashbacks, particularly in season 1
[118]
2016―present
Westworld
Drama
HBO
This series features multiple narrative times, with various storylines in the past, an uncertain "present", and a future
[119] [120]
2017 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2017—2020
13 Reasons Why
Teen drama
Netflix
Features extensive use of flashbacks
[121]
2017—2020
Dark
Science fiction drama
Netflix
Features time travel
[122]
2017—2019
Anne with an E
Period drama
CBC Television and Netflix
Uses brief flashbacks
[123]
2017
Twin Peaks: The Return
Drama
Showtime
Mainly through the use of flashbacks. Some occurrences in 'Part 2' happens before some events depicted in 'Part 1', and most events in 'Part 8 ' happens in the 1940s and 1950s. Time travel and alternative timeline also occurs.
[124] [125] [126] [127]
2018 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2018—present
9-1-1
Procedural drama
Fox
Features flashbacks
[128]
2018—2020
Castle Rock
Psychological horror anthology
Hulu
Features two parallel storylines and flashbacks
[129]
2018—present
Elite
Teen drama
Netflix
Features extensive use of flashbacks
[130]
2018
Sharp Objects
Psychological thriller
HBO
Mainly through the use of flashbacks
[131] [132]
2018—2019
Sorry for Your Loss
Drama
Facebook Watch
Features two main storylines, one in the past and another in the present
[133]
2018
The Haunting of Hill House
Drama
Netflix
Features extensive use of flashbacks
[134]
2018—present
Homecoming
Drama
Amazon
Particularly in Season 2
[135] [136]
2019 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2019—present
Euphoria
Teen drama
HBO
Features flashbacks
[137]
2019
Stateless
Drama mini-series
ABC
Features flashbacks
[138]
2019—present
The Umbrella Academy
Superhero drama
Netflix
Features flashbacks
[139]
2019—present
The Witcher
Fantasy drama
Netflix
Features three main storylines
[140] [141]
2019—present
Undone
Comedy drama animation
Amazon Prime Video
Features time travel and flashbacks
[142]
2019
Watchmen
Superhero drama
HBO
Features flashbacks
[143] [144]
2020s [ ]
2020 [ ]
2021 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2021
86: Eighty-Six
Science fiction anime
Tokyo MX
Features heavy use of flashbacks
[164] [165] [166]
2021
Behind Her Eyes
Mystery thriller mini-series
Netflix
Features flashbacks and dream immersions
[167]
2021—present
Lupin
Mystery comedy
Netflix
Features flashbacks
[168]
2021—present
Invincible
Superhero adult animation
Amazon Prime Video
Features flashbacks
[169]
2021—present
Invisible City
Psychological thriller
Netflix
Features flashbacks and dream immersions
[170]
2021
Lisey's Story
Psychological horror miniseries
Apple TV+
Features intertwining timelines and dream immersions
[171] [172]
2021—present
Sweet Tooth
Fantasy drama
Netflix
Features flashbacks
[173] [174]
2021—present
Them
Horror
Amazon Prime Video
Features flashbacks
[175] [176]
2021—present
Trese
Fantasy horror anime-influenced animation
Netflix
Features flashbacks
[177] [178]
2021
The Serpent
True crime drama mini-series
BBC One and Netflix
Features three timelines
[179] [180]
2021
The Underground Railroad
Fantasy historical drama miniseries
Amazon Prime Video
Features flashbacks
[181] [182] [183]
2021
Cruel Summer
True crime drama / mystery series
Hulu
Features three timelines
[184]
2022 [ ]
Year
Title
Genre
Distributor
Notes
Ref
2022
Inventing Anna
Drama miniseries
Netflix
Features extensive flashbacks
[185] [186]
2022
Pam & Tommy
Drama miniseries
Hulu
Features a flashback episode, "I Love You, Tommy"
[187]
See also [ ]
Narrative
Character Plot Setting Theme
Irony
Leitmotif
Metaphor
Moral
Motif
Style Structure Form
Cantastoria
Comics
Epic
Fable
Fabliau
Fairy tale
Flash fiction
Folktale
Kamishibai
Gamebook
Legend
Myth
Novel
Novella
Parable
Play
Poem
Screenplay
Short story
Tall tales
Vignette (literature)
Genre Narration Tense Related
Audience
Author
Creative nonfiction
Fiction writing
Literary science
Literary theory
Narratology
Political narrative
Rhetoric
Screenwriting
Storytelling
Tellability
References [ ]
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