List of presidents of the Government of Catalonia
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The list of presidents of the Government of Catalonia compiles the official list of presidents of the Generalitat de Catalunya since its inception in 1359 to present time.[1] It has been the traditional way of listing presidents, starting with Berenguer de Cruïlles.[2][3][4] The most recent stable version of the list dates from 2003, by Josep M. Solé i Sabaté in his work Historia de la Generalitat de Catalunya i dels seus presidents.[5] The procedure to set up this list is the following: for the period of the medieval Generalitat (Deputation of the General),[6] the president was the most eminent ecclesiastic deputy of the Deputation of the General of Catalonia (popularly known as Generalitat),[7] a body of the Catalan Courts dissolved in 1716 and reinstated for two years in 1874. From April 1931 on, the list includes the elected presidents as well as the proclaimed exiled presidents during the Francoist dictatorship.[8] The functions of the President of the Government of Catalonia have varied considerably over history, in parallel with the attributions of the Generalitat itself.[9]
Deputation of the General or Generalitat (1359–1716)[]
Fourteenth century[]
Here follows a list of representatives of catalan institutions through the ages. The Presidents as such first appeared with the modern Generalitat in the 20th century.
- Berenguer de Cruïlles, Bishop of Girona (1359–1366)
- , Bishop of Lleida (1363–1364)
- (1364–1365)
- , canon of Barcelona (1365–1367)
- , Bishop of Lleida (1375–1376)
- (1376)
- , Grand Prior of the Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem (1376–1377)
- , almoner of Ripoll (1377–1378)
- (1379–1380)
- , canon of Tarragona (1380)
- , canon of Tortosa (1381–1383)
- , cleric from Girona (1384–1389)
- , canon of Girona (1389–1396)
- Alfons de Tous, canon of Barcelona (1396–1413)
Fifteenth century[]
- Alfons de Tous, canon of Barcelona (1396–1413)
- , Abbot of Montserrat (1413–1416)
- , Bishop of Barcelona (1416–1419)
- , (1419–1422)
- , Abbot of Ripoll (1422–1425)
- Felip de Malla, canon of Barcelona (1425–1428)
- , Bishop of Lleida (1428–1431)
- , Abbot of Montserrat (1431–1434)
- , canon of Barcelona (1434–1437)
- , chief sacristan of Girona (1437–1440)
- , Abbot of Montserrat (1440–1443)
- Jaume de Cardona i de Gandia, canon of Barcelona (1443–1446)
- , Archbishop of Tarragona (1446–1449)
- , Abbot of Ripoll (1449–1452)
- , (1452–1455)
- , archdeacon of Barcelona (1455–1458)
- , Abbot of Montserrat (1458–1461)
- , canon of Lleida (1461–1464)
- , archdeacon of the Vallès (1464–1467)
- , Abbot of Ripoll (1467–1470)
- , Abbot of Breda (1470–1473)
- , (1473–1476)
- , Abbot of Poblet (1476–1478)
- , sacristan of Sant Joan de les Abadesses (1478–1479)
- , deacon of Barcelona (1479–1482)
- Pere de Cardona, Bishop of Urgell (1482–1485)
- , Abbot of Ripoll (1485–1488)
- , Abbot of Poblet (1488–1491)
- , Abbot of Montserrat (1491–1494)
- , prior of Tarragona (1494–1497)
- , Abbot of Santes Creus (1497–1500)
Sixteenth century[]
- , Bishop of Tortosa (1500–1503)
- , canon of Barcelona (1503–1504)
- Gonzalo Fernández de Heredia, Archbishop of Tarragona (1504–1506)
- , canon of Barcelona (1506–1509)
- , provost (paborde) of Valencia (1509–1512)
- Joan d'Aragó, castellan of Amposta (1512–1514)
- (1514–1515)
- , archdeacon of Tortosa (1515–1518)
- , archdeacon of Tarragona (1518–1521)
- , archdeacon of Girona (1521–1524)
- , Abbot of Solsona (1524–1527)
- , canon of Lleida (1527–1530)
- , canon of Tortosa (1530–1533)
- , canon of Lleida (1533–1536)
- , canon of la Seu d'Urgell (1536–1539)
- (also known as Girolamo Doria), Archbishop of Tarragona (1539–1542)
- , Commedatory abbot of Serrateix (1542–1545)
- , canon of Barcelona (1545–1548)
- , canon of Elna (1548–1551)
- , cleric (1551–1552)
- (1552)
- (1552–1553)
- (1553–1554)
- , archdeacon of Barcelona (1554–1557)
- , Abbot of Sant Cugat del Vallès (1557–1559)
- , canon of Elna (1559–1560)
- , canon of Elna (1560–1563)
- (1563–1566)
- , Abbot of Amer (1566–1569)
- (also known as ), Bishop of Vic (1569 1572)
- , canon of Tortosa (1572–1575)
- , canon of Tortosa (1575–1578)
- (also known as ), Bishop of Girona (1578–1581)
- , archdeacon of Tarragona (1581–1584)
- , canon of Vic (1584)
- , canon of Tortosa (1584–1587)
- (1587)
- , Abbot of Poblet (1587–1588)
- , Bishop of Girona (1590–1593)
- , canon of Girona (1593–1596)
- , Abbot of Poblet (1596–1598)
- (1598–1599)
- , canon of Barcelona (1599–1602)
Seventeenth century[]
- , canon of Barcelona (1599–1602)
- , Abbot of Cuixà (1602–1605)
- , canon of Barcelona (1605–1608)
- , canon of Lleida (1608–1611)
- , (1611–1614)
- , commander of the Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem (1614–1616)
- (1616–1617)
- , Bishop of Tortosa (1617–1620)
- , Abbot of Besalú (1620–1623)
- , Bishop of Elna (1623–1626)
- , Archdeacon of la Seu d'Urgell (1626–1629)
- , Bishop of Lleida (1629–1632)
- Abbot of Sant Pere de Galligants (1632)
- García Gil Manrique, Bishop of Girona (1632–1635)
- , Abbot of Amer (1635–1638)
- Pau Claris i Casademunt, archdeacon of la Seu d'Urgell (1638–1641)
- Josep Soler (1641)
- , archdeacon of Girona (1641–1644)
- ,Abbot of Sant Pere de Galligants (1644–1647)
- , Abbot of Amer (1647–50)
- , deacon of Barcelona (1650–1654)
- (1654–1656)
- , deacon of Barcelona (1656–1659)
- , canon of Lleida (1659–1662)
- , canon of la Seu d'Urgell (1662–1665)
- , Abbot of Camprodon (1665–1668)
- , canon (1668–1671)
- , canon of la Seu d'Urgell (1671–1674)
- , archdeacon of Vic (1674–1677)
- , Bishop of Barcelona (1677–1680)
- , (1680–1683)
- , (1683–1686)
- , canon of Barcelona (1686–1689)
- , Bishop of Barcelona (1689–1692)
- , Abbot of Besalú (1692–1695)
- , canon of Tortosa (1695–1698)
- , (1698–1701)
Eighteenth century[]
- , (1698–1701)
- (1701)
- , Abbot of Besalu (1701–1704)
- (1704–1705)
- , deacon of Solsona (1705–1707)
- , of (1707–1710)
- , Abbot of Sant Pere de Galligants (1710–1713)
- , sacristan of Sant Esteve de Banyoles (1713–1716)
Modern Generalitat (1931–present)[]
Second Republic and exile (1931–1977)[]
Governments:
- ERC
- War cabinet
- Mixed coalition
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Party | Government Composition |
Election | President (Tenure) |
Ref. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
Francesc Macià (1859–1933) |
14 April 1931 |
14 December 1932 |
2 years and 255 days | ERC | Macià I ERC–USC–UGT–PRR–PCR |
N/A | President Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1931–1936) |
|||
14 December 1932 |
25 December 1933 |
Macià II ERC |
1932 | |||||||
Lluís Companys (1882–1940) |
25 December 1933 |
31 July 1936 |
6 years and 295 days | ERC | Companys I ERC–USC–ACR–PNRE |
|||||
President Manuel Azaña (1936–1939) | ||||||||||
31 July 1936 |
15 October 1940 (assassinated) |
Companys II ERC–PSUC–UR–UGT–ACR– CNT from Sep 1936 | ||||||||
Josep Irla (1874–1958) |
15 October 1940 |
7 August 1954 |
13 years and 235 days | ERC | In exile | N/A | Spanish Republican government in exile (1939–1977) |
|||
Josep Tarradellas (1899–1988) |
7 August 1954 |
18 October 1977 |
23 years and 72 days | ERC |
Restored autonomy (1977–present)[]
Governments:
- CiU
- Tripartite
- Junts pel Sí
- Mixed coalition
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Party | Government Composition |
Election | Monarch (Reign) |
Ref. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
Josep Tarradellas (1899–1988) |
18 October 1977 |
29 April 1980 |
2 years and 194 days | ERC | Tarradellas PSC–ERC–PSUC–CDC–UCD |
N/A | King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) |
[10] [11] | ||
Jordi Pujol (born 1930) |
29 April 1980 |
13 June 1984 |
23 years and 233 days | CDC | Pujol I CDC–UDC |
1980 | [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] | |||
13 June 1984 |
1 July 1988 |
Pujol II CDC–UDC–ERC until Feb 1987 CDC–UDC from Feb 1987 |
1984 | |||||||
1 July 1988 |
13 April 1992 |
Pujol III CDC–UDC |
1988 | |||||||
13 April 1992 |
21 December 1995 |
Pujol IV CDC–UDC |
1992 | |||||||
21 December 1995 |
24 November 1999 |
Pujol V CDC–UDC |
1995 | |||||||
24 November 1999 |
18 December 2003 |
Pujol VI CDC–UDC |
1999 | |||||||
Pasqual Maragall (born 1941) |
18 December 2003 |
28 November 2006 |
2 years and 345 days | PSC | Maragall PSC–ERC–ICV–CpC until May 2006 PSC–ICV–CpC from May 2006 |
2003 | [19] [20] | |||
José Montilla (born 1955) |
28 November 2006 |
27 December 2010 |
4 years and 29 days | PSC | Montilla PSC–ERC–ICV |
2006 | [21] [22] | |||
Artur Mas (born 1956) |
27 December 2010 |
24 December 2012 |
5 years and 16 days | CDC | Mas I CDC–UDC |
2010 | [23] [24] [25] | |||
24 December 2012 |
12 January 2016 |
Mas II CDC–UDC until Jun 2015 CDC from Jun 2015 |
2012 | |||||||
King Felipe VI (2014–present) | ||||||||||
Carles Puigdemont (born 1962) |
12 January 2016 |
28 October 2017 (removed) |
1 year and 289 days | CDC | Puigdemont CDC/PDeCAT–ERC |
2015 | [26] [27] | |||
PDeCAT | ||||||||||
During this interval, the office was suspended. | Direct rule over Catalonia | N/A | [27] | |||||||
Quim Torra (born 1962) |
16 May 2018 |
28 September 2020 (disqualified) |
2 years and 135 days | Independent | Torra ERC–JuntsxCat until Sep 2020 ERC–JxCat from Sep 2020 |
2017 | [28] [29] | |||
During this interval, Vice President Pere Aragonès served as acting officeholder. | ||||||||||
Pere Aragonès (born 1982) |
22 May 2021 |
Incumbent | 302 days | ERC | Aragonès ERC–JxCat |
2021 | [30] |
Timeline[]
Controversies[]
Some historians, like Jaume Guillamet, from Pompeu Fabra University, or José Luis Corral, from Zaragoza University, do not consider the medieval Generalitat to be comparable with the contemporary Generalitat. According to them, the Contemporary Generalitat was created within the framework of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939), and the current Generalitat is the result of the exercise of self-government of Catalonia within the framework of Spanish democracy. From their perspective, there would only be 10 presidents of the Generalitat: Macià, Companys, Irla, Tarradellas, Pujol, Maragall, Montilla, Mas, Puigdemont and Torra.[31]
In 2015, one Historian wrote an opinion article defending a list of 16 presidents until Artur Mas. What would give a total of 18 presidents counting up to the current president Torra.[32]
In 2018, the association "Historiadors de Catalunya", also proposed a list of 10 presidents, but substituting Josep Irla for : Macià, Companys, Francisco Jiménez Arenas, Tarradellas, Pujol, Maragall, Montilla, Mas, Puigdemont and Torra.[33]
See also[]
Notes[]
References[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Presidents of Catalonia. |
- ^ "The 131 President of the Generalitat". Government of Catalonia.
- ^ Els presidents de la Generalitat de Catalunya. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. December 1982.
- ^ Gordo-Guarinos, Francesc (June 2000). De Berenguer de Cruïlles a Jordi Pujol: els 125 presidents de la Generalitat de Catalunya. Lleida: Pagès Editors. ISBN 84-7935-703-7.
- ^ Duran, Lluís (2001). A les Corts de Cervera el 1359: Berenguer de Cruïlles, primer president de la Generalitat. Lleida: Generalitat de Catalunya.
- ^ Solé i Sabater, Josep Maria. "Història de la Generalitat de Catalunya i dels seus presidents". Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
- ^ Sobrequés i Callicó, Jaume; Villarroya, Joan; Serra i Puig, Eva (2011). Història de la Generalitat de Catalunya. Dels orígens medievals a l'actualitat. 650 anys. ISBN 978-84-393-8750-3.
- ^ Matas, Jaume; Galofré, Jordi (1992). Historia de Catalunya (in Spanish). Grupo Z, El Periódico. p. 95.
- ^ Solé i Sabaté, Josep Maria. "Presidències i presidents de la Generalitat de Catalunya" (PDF). Generalitat de Catalunya. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-07-09.
La relació cronològica adjunta recull, per a les èpoques medieval i moderna, els noms dels diputats que, per raó del seu rang, tingueren preeminència protocol·lària per damunt dels altres diputats, fet que amb freqüència els dugué a presidir els actes i a encapçalar els documents de la Diputació del General. Per aquesta causa es tracta sempre de diputats del Braç Eclesiàstic, a excepció del cas de Joan I d'Empúries —diputat del Braç Militar—, sobre el qual recaigué la preeminència pel fet de pertànyer a la família reial. The accompanying chronological list includes, for the medieval and modern periods, the names of the Members who, due to their rank, had a pre-eminent protocol over the other Members, which often led them to preside over the acts and to lead the documents of the Diputació del General. For this reason, it is always the deputies of the Ecclesiastical Arm, except for the case of John I of Empúries - deputy of the Military Arm -, on which the preeminence fell due to belonging to the royal family.
- ^ "History of the Government of Catalonia". Generalitat de Catalunya.
- ^ "Real Decreto 2596/1977, de 17 de octubre, por el que se nombra a don Josep Tarradellas Joan Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (249): 22835. 18 October 1977. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 774/1980, de 28 de abril, por el que dispone el cese en sus funciones como Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña de don Josep Tarradellas Joan" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (103): 9250. 29 April 1980. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 775/1980, de 28 de abril, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña a don Jordi Pujol i Soley" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (103): 9250. 29 April 1980. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1117/1984, de 12 de junio, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña a don Jordi Pujol i Soley" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (141): 17196. 13 June 1984. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 674/1988, de 29 de junio, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña a don Jordi Pujol i Soley" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (157): 20519. 1 July 1988. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 361/1992, de 10 de abril, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña a don Jordi Pujol i Soley" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (89): 12545. 13 April 1992. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 2022/1995, de 20 de diciembre, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña a don Jordi Pujol i Soley" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (304): 36613. 21 December 1995. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1784/1999, de 23 de noviembre, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña a don Jordi Pujol i Soley" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (281): 40730. 24 November 1999. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1737/2003, de 17 de diciembre, por el que se declara el cese de don Jordi Pujol i Soley como Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (302): 45080. 18 December 2003. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1738/2003, de 17 de diciembre, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalidad de Cataluña a don Pasqual Maragall i Mira" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (302): 45080. 18 December 2003. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1402/2006, de 27 de noviembre, por el que se declara el cese de don Pasqual Maragall i Mira como Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (284): 41640. 28 November 2006. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1403/2006, de 27 de noviembre, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña a don José Montilla Aguilera" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (284): 41640. 28 November 2006. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1776/2010, de 24 de diciembre, por el que se declara el cese de don José Montilla Aguilera como Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (314): 107284. 27 December 2010. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1777/2010, de 24 de diciembre, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña a don Artur Mas i Gavarró" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (314): 107285. 27 December 2010. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 1713/2012, de 21 de diciembre, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña a don Artur Mas i Gavarró" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (308): 87304. 24 December 2012. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 12/2016, de 11 de enero, por el que se declara el cese de don Artur Mas i Gavarró como Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (10): 1485. 12 January 2016. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 13/2016, de 11 de enero, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña a don Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (10): 1486. 12 January 2016. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ a b "Real Decreto 942/2017, de 27 de octubre, por el que se dispone, en virtud de las medidas autorizadas con fecha 27 de octubre de 2017 por el Pleno del Senado respecto de la Generalitat de Cataluña en aplicación del artículo 155 de la Constitución, el cese del M.H. Sr. Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña, don Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (261): 103562. 28 October 2017. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ "Real Decreto 291/2018, de 15 de mayo, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña a don Joaquim Torra i Pla" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (119): 50791. 16 May 2018. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ Solé Altimira, Oriol (28 September 2020). "El Supremo inhabilita a Torra por unanimidad y remata la legislatura catalana". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Real Decreto 365/2021, de 21 de mayo, por el que se nombra Presidente de la Generalitat de Cataluña a don Pere Aragonès Garcia" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (122): 62388. 22 May 2021. ISSN 0212-033X.
- ^ Blanco, Patricia (20 May 2018). "La "mentira" de los 131 presidentes de la Generalitat". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-20.
- ^ Coll, Joaquim (25 April 2015). "Artur Mas, el 'president' tse-tse".
- ^ Tercero, D. (18 May 2018). "Historiadores catalanes acotan el número de presidentes de la Generalitat en diez, de Macià a Torra". ABC (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-20.
External links[]
- Presidents of the Generalitat
- Història de Catalunya. Barcelona: El Periodico, 1992.
- Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
- Lists of presidents
- Lists of political office-holders in Spain
- Catalonia-related lists