List of vulnerable amphibians

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2 extinct in the wild amphibian species (0.03%)545 critically endangered amphibian species (8.4%)848 endangered amphibian species (13%)670 vulnerable amphibian species (10%)402 near threatened amphibian species (6.2%)2458 least concern amphibian species (38%)1567 data deficient amphibian species (24%)Circle frame.svg
Amphibian species (IUCN, 2016-2)
  • 6492 extant species have been evaluated
  • 4925 of those are fully assessed[a]
  • 2860 are not threatened at present[b]
  • 2063 to 3630 are threatened[c]
  • 35 to 148 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 33 extinct (EX) species[d]
    • 2 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 113 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]

  1. ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. ^ NT and LC.
  3. ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Vulnerable (VU) species are considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 670 vulnerable amphibian species.[1] 10% of all evaluated amphibian species are listed as vulnerable. No subpopulations of amphibians have been evaluated by the IUCN.

For a species to be assessed as vulnerable to extinction the best available evidence must meet quantitative criteria set by the IUCN designed to reflect "a high risk of extinction in the wild". Endangered and critically endangered species also meet the quantitative criteria of vulnerable species, and are listed separately. See: List of endangered amphibians, List of critically endangered amphibians. Vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered species are collectively referred to as threatened species by the IUCN.

Additionally 1567 amphibian species (24% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[2] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[3]

This is a complete list of vulnerable amphibian species evaluated by the IUCN.

Salamanders[]

There are 93 salamander species assessed as vulnerable.

Lungless salamanders[]

  • Tamaulipan false brook salamander (Aquiloeurycea scandens)
  • Kings River slender salamander (Batrachoseps regius)
  • Kern Canyon slender salamander (Batrachoseps simatus)
  • Tehachapi slender salamander (Batrachoseps stebbinsi)
  • Oregon slender salamander (Batrachoseps wrighti)
  • Hotel Zaracay salamander (Bolitoglossa chica)
  • Quebrada Valverde salamander (Bolitoglossa diminuta)
  • Rio Quiri salamander (Bolitoglossa gracilis)
  • Guaramacal salamander (Bolitoglossa guaramacalensis)
  • Bolitoglossa insularis
  • Camron climbing salamander (Bolitoglossa lignicolor)
  • Finca Chibigui salamander (Bolitoglossa medemi)
  • Bolitoglossa mombachoensis
  • Müller's mushroomtongue salamander (Bolitoglossa mulleri)
  • Tapantí giant salamander (Bolitoglossa obscura)
  • Culata mushroomtongue salamander (Bolitoglossa orestes)
  • Amazon climbing salamander (Bolitoglossa palmata)
  • Bolitoglossa pesrubra
  • Longnose mushroomtongue salamander (Bolitoglossa rostrata)
  • Silverstone's salamander (Bolitoglossa silverstonei)
  • Northwestern climbing salamander (Bolitoglossa sima)
  • Shadowy web-footed salamander (Bolitoglossa sombra)
  • Chignahuapan splayfoot salamander (Chiropterotriton orculus)
  • Longnose bromeliad salamander (Dendrotriton megarhinus)
  • Dendrotriton sanctibarbarus
  • Xolocalca bromeliad salamander (Dendrotriton xolocalcae)
  • Salado Springs salamander (Eurycea chisholmensis)
  • Junaluska salamander (Eurycea junaluska)
  • Cascade Caverns salamander (Eurycea latitans)
  • San Marcos salamander (Eurycea nana)
  • Texas salamander (Eurycea neotenes)
  • Texas blind salamander (Eurycea rathbuni)
  • Barton Springs salamander (Eurycea sosorum)
  • Comal blind salamander (Eurycea tridentifera)
  • Georgia blind salamander (Eurycea wallacei)
  • Austin blind salamander (Eurycea waterlooensis)
  • Tennessee cave salamander (Gyrinophilus palleucus)
  • Limestone salamander (Hydromantes brunus)
  • Shasta salamander (Hydromantes shastae)
  • Bell's false brook salamander (Isthmura bellii)
  • Oaxacan false brook salamander (Isthmura boneti)
  • Monteverde moss salamander (Nototriton gamezi)
  • Nototriton guanacaste
  • Nototriton saslaya
  • Nototriton tapanti
  • Limon worm salamander (Oedipina alfaroi)
  • Townsend's salamander (Parvimolge townsendi)
  • Blue Ridge gray-cheeked salamander (Plethodon amplus)
  • Scott Bar salamander (Plethodon asupak)
  • Cheoah bald salamander (Plethodon cheoah)
  • Fourche Mountain salamander (Plethodon fourchensis)
  • Peaks of Otter salamander (Plethodon hubrichti)
  • South Mountain gray-cheeked salamander (Plethodon meridianus)
  • Pigeon Mountain salamander (Plethodon petraeus)
  • Shenandoah salamander (Plethodon shenandoah)
  • Big Levels salamander (Plethodon sherando)
  • Red-legged salamander (Plethodon shermani)
  • Leprous false brook salamander (Pseudoeurycea leprosa)
  • Royal false brook salamander (Pseudoeurycea rex)
  • Monte Albo cave salamander (Speleomantes flavus)
  • Brown cave salamander (Speleomantes genei)
  • Macdougall's pigmy salamander (Thorius macdougalli)

Asiatic salamanders[]

  • Chiala mountain salamander (Batrachuperus karlschmidti)
  • Western Chinese mountain salamander (Batrachuperus pinchonii)
  • Alpine stream salamander (Batrachuperus tibetanus)
  • Yenyuan stream salamander (Batrachuperus yenyuanensis)
  • Alishan salamander (Hynobius arisanensis)
  • Odaigahara salamander (Hynobius boulengeri)
  • Amber-colored salamander (Hynobius stejnegeri)
  • Tokyo salamander (Hynobius tokyoensis)
  • Yiwu salamander (Hynobius yiwuensis)
  • Tsinpa salamander (Liua tsinpaensis)
  • Pachyhynobius shangchengensis
  • Yellow-spotted salamander (Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus)
  • Shuicheng salamander (Pseudohynobius shuichengensis)

Mole salamanders[]

  • Reticulated flatwoods salamander (Ambystoma bishopi)
  • California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense)
  • Frosted flatwoods salamander (Ambystoma cingulatum)

Salamandrids[]

True salamanders and newts

  • Gold-striped salamander (Chioglossa lusitanica)
  • Karpathos Lycian salamander (Lyciasalamandra helverseni)
  • Luschan's salamander (Lyciasalamandra luschani)
  • Caucasian salamander (Mertensiella caucasica)
  • Yellow-spotted newt (Neurergus crocatus)
  • Kaiser's newt (Neurergus kaiseri)
  • Strauch's spotted newt (Neurergus strauchii)
  • Tam Dao salamander (Paramesotriton deloustali)
  • Wanggao warty newt (Paramesotriton fuzhongensis)
  • Algerian ribbed newt (Pleurodeles nebulosus)
  • North African fire salamander (Salamandra algira)
  • Lanza's alpine salamander (Salamandra lanzai)
  • Red-tailed knobby newt (Tylototriton kweichowensis)
  • Laos knobby newt (Tylototriton notialis)
  • Wenxian knobby newt (Tylototriton wenxianensis)

Proteids[]

  • Olm (Proteus anguinus)

Torrent salamanders[]

  • Olympic torrent salamander (Rhyacotriton olympicus)

Frogs[]

There are 573 frog species assessed as vulnerable.

Water frogs[]

Robber frogs[]

Shrub frogs[]

  • Buergeria oxycephala
  • Jinxiu bubble-nest frog (Gracixalus jinxiuensis)
  • Quang's tree frog (Gracixalus quangi)
  • Kurixalus baliogaster
  • Philautus acutirostris
  • Philautus acutus
  • Philautus amoenus
  • Philautus bunitus
  • Philautus erythrophthalmus
  • Garo Hills bubble-nest frog (Philautus garo)
  • Philautus gunungensis
  • Philautus ingeri
  • Leyte tree frog (Philautus leitensis)
  • Philautus pallidipes
  • Mottled tree frog (Philautus poecilius)
  • Philautus refugii
  • Philautus saueri
  • Obscure bush frog (Philautus tectus)
  • Philautus umbra
  • Philautus worcesteri
  • Pseudophilautus hallidayi
  • Raorchestes bobingeri
  • Raorchestes bombayensis
  • Confusing green bushfrog (Raorchestes chromasynchysi)
  • Koadaikanal bush frog (Raorchestes dubois)
  • Southern bubble-nest frog (Raorchestes glandulosus)
  • Raorchestes graminirupes
  • Rhacophorus annamensis
  • Mindanao flying frog (Rhacophorus bimaculatus)
  • Spinybottom tree frog (Rhacophorus exechopygus)
  • Rhacophorus fasciatus
  • Rhacophorus kio
  • Rhacophorus yinggelingensis
  • Bamboo moss frog (Theloderma bambusicolum)
  • Assam Indonesian treefrog (Theloderma moloch)
  • Theloderma spinosum

Cryptic forest frogs[]

True toads[]

  • Perret's toad (Amietophrynus perreti)
  • Amietophrynus urunguensis
  • Black toad (Anaxyrus exsul)
  • North Borneo stream toad (Ansonia fuliginea)
  • Ansonia mcgregori
  • Ansonia muelleri
  • Ansonia penangensis
  • Ansonia siamensis
  • Ansonia tiomanica
  • Ansonia torrentis
  • Cayenne stubfoot toad (Atelopus flavescens)
  • Central Coast stubfoot toad (Atelopus franciscus)
  • Pebas stubfoot toad (Atelopus spumarius)
  • Condoto stubfoot toad (Atelopus spurrelli)
  • Three-coloured harlequin toad (Atelopus tricolor)
  • Eichwald's toad (Bufo eichwaldi)
  • Cape mountain toad (Capensibufo rosei)
  • Southern Hill toad (Duttaphrynus microtympanum)
  • Duttaphrynus scorteccii
  • Kerala stream toad (Ghatophryne rubigina)
  • Incilius chompipe
  • Incilius macrocristatus
  • Melanophryniscus dorsalis
  • Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus
  • Melanophryniscus montevidensis
  • Melanophryniscus orejasmirandai
  • Lönnbergs toad (Mertensophryne lonnbergi)
  • Uzungwe toad (Mertensophryne uzunguensis)
  • Metaphryniscus sosai
  • Nannophryne corynetes
  • Oreophrynella cryptica
  • Oreophrynella huberi
  • Oreophrynella macconnelli
  • Oreophrynella nigra
  • Oreophrynella quelchii
  • Oreophrynella vasquezi
  • Osornophryne sumacoensis
  • Pelophryne guentheri
  • Pelophryne lighti
  • Pelophryne misera
  • Pelophryne rhopophilia
  • Cuban small-eared toad (Peltophryne empusa)
  • Southern crested toad (Peltophryne guentheri)
  • Cuban high-crested toad (Peltophryne gundlachi)
  • Cuban spotted toad (Peltophryne taladai)
  • Atacama toad (Rhinella atacamensis)
  • Rhinella justinianoi
  • Rhinella quechua
  • Rhinella rubropunctata
  • Rhinella rumbolli
  • Cameroon wolterstorff toad (Wolterstorffina parvipalmata)

Fleshbelly frogs[]

Glass frogs[]

Batrachylids[]

Litter frogs[]

  • Rough horned frog (Borneophrys edwardinae)
  • Brachytarsophrys intermedia
  • Leptobrachella baluensis
  • Leptobrachella brevicrus
  • Leptobrachella parva
  • Leptobrachella serasanae
  • Leptobrachium banae
  • Leptobrachium gunungense
  • Leptobrachium hainanense
  • Leptobrachium leucops
  • Leptolalax arayai
  • Leptolalax hamidi
  • Kajang slender litter frog (Leptolalax kajangensis)
  • Leptolalax pictus
  • Leptolalax tuberosus
  • (Megophrys giganticus)
  • Nankiang horned toad (Megophrys nankiangensis)
  • Mindanao horned frog (Megophrys stejnegeri)
  • Oreolalax granulosus
  • Oreolalax jingdongensis
  • Oreolalax major
  • Oreolalax multipunctatus
  • Oreolalax rhodostigmatus
  • Scutiger gongshanensis
  • Scutiger liupanensis
  • Scutiger nepalensis
  • Scutiger ruginosus
  • Scutiger tuberculatus

Screeching frogs[]

  • Victoria night frog (Astylosternus diadematus)
  • Cameroon range night frog (Astylosternus rheophilus)
  • Amiet's long-fingered frog (Cardioglossa melanogaster)
  • Whitebelly egg frog (Leptodactylodon albiventris)
  • Mountain egg frog (Leptodactylodon bicolor)
  • Boulenger's egg frog (Leptodactylodon boulengeri)
  • Leptodactylodon bueanus
  • African egg frog (Leptodactylodon polyacanthus)
  • Speckled egg frog (Leptodactylodon ventrimarmoratus)
  • (Leptopelis grandiceps)
  • Karissimbi forest tree frog (Leptopelis karissimbensis)
  • Palm forest tree frog (Leptopelis palmatus)
  • Shoa forest tree frog (Leptopelis ragazzii)
  • Grassland forest tree frog (Leptopelis yaldeni)

Hemiphractids[]

Poison dart frogs[]

Mantellids[]

Ceratobatrachids[]

  • Alcalus tasanae
  • (Cornufer akarithymus)
  • Cornufer parkeri
  • Palmatorappia solomonis
  • Banahao forest frog (Platymantis banahao)
  • Horned forest frog (Platymantis cornutus)
  • Platymantis guentheri
  • Platymantis indeprensus
  • Isarog forest frog (Platymantis isarog)
  • Platymantis montanus
  • Naomi's forest frog (Platymantis naomii)
  • Platymantis pseudodorsalis
  • Pygmy forest frog (Platymantis pygmaeus)
  • Rabor's forest frog (Platymantis rabori)
  • Platymantis sierramadrensis

Fork-tongued frogs[]

  • Northern frog (Ingerana borealis)
  • Limnonectes acanthi
  • Eastern Mindanao frog (Limnonectes diuatus)
  • Limnonectes fragilis
  • Limnonectes heinrichi
  • Limnonectes liui
  • Fanged river frog (Limnonectes macrodon)
  • Philippine small-disked frog (Limnonectes parvus)
  • Limnonectes toumanoffi
  • Giant Visayan frog (Limnonectes visayanus)
  • Nannophrys ceylonensis
  • Nanorana liui
  • Nanorana minica
  • Nanorana rostandi
  • Small-headed frog (Occidozyga diminutiva)
  • Little spiny frog (Quasipaa exilispinosa)
  • Quasipaa fasciculispina
  • Jiulong spiny frog (Quasipaa jiulongensis)
  • Spiny-flanked frog (Quasipaa shini)
  • Giant spiny frog (Quasipaa spinosa)

Narrow-mouthed frogs[]

  • Mountain climbing frog (Anodonthyla montana)
  • Austrochaperina novaebritanniae
  • Tapping nursery frog (Cophixalus aenigma)
  • Cophixalus nubicola
  • Black Mountain boulder frog (Cophixalus saxatilis)
  • Island giant treefrog (Cophyla occultans)
  • Copiula minor
  • Ctenophryne barbatula
  • Dasypops schirchi
  • Gastrophrynoides borneensis
  • Barber's sheep frog (Hypopachus barberi)
  • Kalophrynus intermedius
  • Kalophrynus minusculus
  • Kalophrynus punctatus
  • Kalinga narrowmouth toad (Kaloula kalingensis)
  • Luzon narrow-mouthed frog (Kaloula rigida)
  • Microhyla maculifera
  • Oreophryne anulata
  • Oreophryne celebensis
  • Oreophryne variabilis
  • Betsileo digging frog (Plethodontohyla brevipes)
  • Marbled rain frog (Scaphiophryne marmorata)
  • Scaphiophryne menabensis
  • Uperodon nagaoi
  • Uperodon triangularis

True frogs[]

  • Bamileke plateau frog (Amnirana longipes)
  • Amolops jinjiangensis
  • Amolops kangtingensis
  • Lolokou sucker frog (Amolops loloensis)
  • Amolops torrentis
  • Amolops tuberodepressus
  • Javan torrent frog (Huia masonii)
  • Hylarana attigua
  • Boulenger's golden-backed frog (Indosylvirana aurantiaca)
  • Rio Chipillico frog (Lithobates bwana)
  • Chiricahua leopard frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis)
  • Guatemala plateau frog (Lithobates macroglossa)
  • Big-footed leopard frog (Lithobates megapoda)
  • Island leopard frog (Lithobates miadis)
  • Florida bog frog (Lithobates okaloosae)
  • Sierra Madre frog (Lithobates sierramadrensis)
  • Tarahumara frog (Lithobates tarahumarae)
  • Rancho Redondo frog (Lithobates vibicarius)
  • Meristogenys amoropalamus
  • Meristogenys jerboa
  • (Odorrana geminata)
  • Odorrana hainanensis
  • Odorrana jingdongensis
  • Junlian odorous frog (Odorrana junlianensis)
  • Hainan bamboo-leaf frog (Odorrana nasuta)
  • Concave-eared torrent frog (Odorrana tormota)
  • Papurana waliesa
  • Seoul frog (Pelophylax chosenicus)
  • Epirus water frog (Pelophylax epeiroticus)
  • Pseudorana weiningensis
  • Indian flying frog (Pterorana khare)
  • California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii)
  • Italian agile frog (Rana latastei)
  • Rana longicrus
  • Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa)
  • Sanguirana igorota
  • Sanguirana tipanan
  • Sylvirana spinulosa

Australian water frogs[]

  • Wallum froglet (Crinia tinnula)
  • Orange-bellied frog (Geocrinia vitellina)
  • Stuttering frog (Mixophyes balbus)
  • Red-crowned toadlet (Pseudophryne australis)
  • Sunset frog (Spicospina flammocaerulea)

Puddle frogs[]

Hylids[]

Includes tree frog species and their allies.

  • Pink-sided tree frog (Agalychnis litodryas)
  • Bokermannohyla vulcaniae
  • Oaxacan cloud-forest treefrog (Charadrahyla nephila)
  • Porthole tree frog (Charadrahyla taeniopus)
  • Kaplan's Garagoa treefrog (Dendropsophus stingi)
  • Schmidt's mountain brook frog (Duellmanohyla schmidtorum)
  • Cope's brown treefrog (Ecnomiohyla miliaria)
  • Exerodonta juanitae
  • Exerodonta melanomma
  • Exerodonta pinorum
  • Exerodonta xera
  • Walker's tree frog (Hyla walkeri)
  • Linda's tree frog (Hyloscirtus lindae)
  • Merida Andes tree frog (Hyloscirtus platydactylus)
  • El Pepino tree frog (Hyloscirtus torrenticola)
  • Los Bracitos tree frog (Hypsiboas heilprini)
  • Cape Melville tree frog (Litoria andiirrmalin)
  • Green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea)
  • Beck's tree frog (Litoria becki)
  • Davies' tree frog (Litoria daviesae)
  • Freycinet's frog (Litoria freycineti)
  • Faro Island tree frog (Litoria lutea)
  • Wallum sedge frog (Litoria olongburensis)
  • Lined tree frog (Litoria quadrilineata)
  • New England tree frog (Litoria subglandulosa)
  • Wissel Lakes tree frog (Litoria wisselensis)
  • Loud big-eyed tree frog (Nyctimystes avocalis)
  • Rueppel's big-eyed tree frog (Nyctimystes rueppelli)
  • Hispaniolan yellow tree frog (Osteopilus pulchrilineatus)
  • Hispaniolan giant tree frog (Osteopilus vastus)
  • Matuda's spikethumb frog (Plectrohyla matudai)
  • Gorzula's Amazon tree frog (Tepuihyla rimarum)
  • Godman's tree frog (Tlalocohyla godmani)

African reed frogs[]

Other frog species[]

  • Cabreria spiny-chest frog (Alsodes barrioi)
  • Mountain spiny-chest frog (Alsodes montanus)
  • La Parva spiny-chest frog (Alsodes tumultuosus)
  • Betic midwife toad (Alytes dickhilleni)
  • Majorcan midwife toad (Alytes muletensis)
  • Philippine flat-headed frog (Barbourula busuangensis)
  • Lichuan bell toad (Bombina lichuanensis)
  • Bilbo's rain frog (Breviceps bagginsi)
  • Desert rain frog (Breviceps macrops)
  • Helmeted water toad (Calyptocephalella gayi)
  • Pacific horned frog (Ceratophrys stolzmanni)
  • Allen's slippery frog (Conraua alleni)
  • Giant slippery frog (Conraua robusta)
  • Cycloramphus acangatan
  • Giant burrowing frog (Heleioporus australiacus)
  • Spotted snout-burrower (Hemisus guttatus)
  • Indirana leithii
  • Hamilton's frog (Leiopelma hamiltoni)
  • Maud Island frog (Leiopelma pakeka)
  • Leptodactylus nesiotus
  • Leptodactylus pascoensis
  • (Leptodactylus peritoaktites)
  • Micrixalus nudis
  • Micrixalus phyllophilus
  • Malabar tropical frog (Micrixalus saxicola)
  • Nyctibatrachus deccanensis
  • Bombay night frog (Nyctibatrachus humayuni)
  • Nyctibatrachus major
  • Cordoba escuerzo (Odontophrynus achalensis)
  • Physalaemus atlanticus
  • Darwin's frog (Rhinoderma darwinii)
  • Strongylopus kitumbeine
  • Chimanimani stream frog (Strongylopus rhodesianus)
  • Pelado Mountains false toad (Telmatobufo australis)
  • Thoropa petropolitana

Gymnophiona[]

  • Boulengerula fischeri
  • Mexican burrowing caecilian (Dermophis mexicanus)
  • Pattipola caecilian (Ichthyophis orthoplicatus)
  • Taylor's caecilian (Ichthyophis pseudangularis)

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  3. ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.


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