List of wars involving Canada
List[]
Colonial conflicts (11th century – 1867)[]
The following were conflicts that occurred in present-day Canada from the 11th century A.D. to mid-19th century, prior to Canadian confederation. Belligerents in these conflicts typically involved colonies that existed in Canada (i.e. New France, the Canadas, etc.), and/or First Nations groups residing in these region.
Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Battle of Vinland (1003 A.D.) |
Vikings | Skræling | Viking victory and withdrawal
|
Beaver Wars (1609–1701) |
Iroqouis | Algonquian allies | Military stalemate
|
Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665–1667) |
Dutch Republic | Kingdom of England | Status quo ante bellum
|
Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–1674) |
Dutch Republic | Kingdom of England
|
Status quo ante bellum
|
King William's War (1688–1697) |
Kingdom of France
Wabanaki Confederacy |
England | Status quo ante bellum |
Queen Anne's War (1702–1713) |
Kingdom of France
Spain |
England (before 1707)
British Empire (after 1707) Iroquois Confederacy |
British-Allied victory
|
Dummer's War (1722–1725) |
New England Colonies Mohawk |
Wabanaki Confederacy Abenaki Pequawket Mi'kmaq Maliseet |
|
King George's War (1744–1748) |
Kingdom of France
Wabanaki Confederacy |
British Empire
Iroquois Confederacy |
Status quo ante bellum |
Father Le Loutre's War (1749–1755) |
Wabanaki Confederacy
|
British Empire
|
British victory
|
Seven Year's War (1756–1763) |
Kingdom of France
Wabanaki Confederacy |
British Empire | British-Allied victory
|
Pontiac's War (1763–1766) |
British Empire | Ottawas Ojibwas Potawatomis Hurons Miamis Weas Kickapoos Mascoutens Piankashaws Delawares Shawnees Wyandots Mingos Iroquois |
Military stalemate
|
American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) |
British Empire
Onondaga |
United States France Spain Oneida |
American-Allied victory
|
War of 1812 (1812–1815) |
British Empire
Tecumseh's Confederacy |
United States | Status quo ante bellum
|
Pemmican War (1812–1821) |
North West Company Metis |
Hudson's Bay Company Selkirk's settlers |
|
Rebellions of 1837–1838 (1837–1838) |
Lower Canada Château Clique |
Patriotes Republic of Lower Canada |
Government victory
|
Canada (1867–present)[]
The following table lists conflicts involving Canada since 1867.
Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result | Killed | Wounded |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fenian raids (1866–1871) |
Canada[note 1] | Fenian Brotherhood | Victory
|
22 | 32 |
Wolseley Expedition (1870) |
Canada | Métis | Victory
|
None | None |
Mahdist War (1881–1899) |
United Kingdom Canada Egypt |
Sudan | Victory
|
16[1] | |
North-West Rebellion (1885) |
Canada | Provisional Government of Saskatchewan (Métis) Cree–Assiniboine |
Victory
|
26[2] | 103 |
Second Boer War (1899–1902) |
United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand India Ceylon Cape Colony Natal Colony Rhodesia |
Orange Free State South African Republic |
Victory
|
267[3] | >250[4] |
First World War (1914–1918) |
France United Kingdom Russia United States China Italy Japan Canada Newfoundland Australia New Zealand India South Africa Serbia Montenegro Romania Belgium Greece Portugal Brazil |
Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria |
Victory
|
66,944[5] | ~172,000[6] |
Russian Civil War (1918–1920) |
White Movement France United Kingdom United States China Italy Japan Canada Australia India South Africa Serbia Romania Greece Czechoslovakia Poland Estonia |
Russian SFSR Far Eastern Republic Latvian SSR Ukrainian SSR Commune of Estonia Mongolian Communists |
Defeat
|
14 | 24 |
Second World War (1939–1945) |
Soviet Union United States United Kingdom China France Poland Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Yugoslavia Greece Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Czechoslovakia Brazil Mexico Ethiopia |
Germany Japan Italy Hungary Romania Bulgaria Croatia Slovakia Finland Thailand Manchukuo Mengjiang Kingdom of Albania |
Victory
|
~45,300[7] | ~55,000 |
Korean War (1950–1953) |
South Korea United Nations United States United Kingdom Australia Belgium Canada France Philippines Colombia Ethiopia Greece Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand South Africa Thailand Turkey |
North Korea China Soviet Union |
Ceasefire
|
516[8] | 1,042 |
Congo Crisis (1960–1963) |
Congo-Léopoldville UNOC |
Katanga South Kasai |
Victory | Unknown | Unknown |
Whisky War (1984–present) |
Canada | Denmark | Ongoing
|
None | None |
Persian Gulf War (1990–1991) |
Kuwait United States United Kingdom Saudi Arabia France Canada Egypt Syria Qatar United Arab Emirates Oman Bangladesh |
Iraq | Victory
|
None | None |
Somali Civil War (1992–1995) |
United States United Kingdom Spain Saudi Arabia Malaysia Pakistan Italy India Greece Germany France Canada Botswana Belgium Australia New Zealand |
Somali National Alliance | Victory
|
1 | None |
Bosnian War (1992–1995) |
Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia NATO
|
Republika Srpska | Victory
|
20 | unknown |
Operation Medak Pocket (September 9–17, 1993) |
Canada France
|
Croatia | Canadian strategic victory | None | 4 |
Kosovo War (1998–1999) |
UÇK (KLA) AFRK (FARK) Albania Croatia NATO
|
FR Yugoslavia | Victory
|
None | None |
International Force for East Timor (1999–2000) |
Australia |
Pro-Indonesian militia | Victory
|
None | None |
War in Afghanistan (2001–2014)[note 2] |
Afghanistan United States United Kingdom Germany Italy France Canada Australia New Zealand Georgia Poland Romania Turkey
|
Taliban al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan HI-Gulbuddin Hezb-e Islami Khalis Haqqani network Lashkar-e-Taiba Jaish-e-Mohammed East Turkestan Islamic Movement Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan Islamic Emirate of Waziristan Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi Islamic Jihad Union |
Defeat
|
158[9] | 635 |
First Libyan Civil War (2011) |
NTC Qatar NATO
Sweden |
Libya | Victory
|
None | None |
Military intervention against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (2014–present) |
United States |
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant | Ongoing
|
2 | At Least 3 |
See also[]
- List of Anglo-French conflicts on Hudson Bay
- List of Canadian military operations
- List of Canadian military victories
- List of Canadian peacekeeping missions
- List of conflicts in Canada
- List of massacres in Canada
Notes[]
- ^ Raids conducted in 1866 occurred in the Province of Canada, and the colony of New Brunswick, prior to Canadian confederation
- ^ Canadian Forces ended combat operations in Afghanistan in July 2011, and withdrew its remaining forces from the NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan in March 2014. Operation Enduring Freedom ended in December 2014 marking the end of the first phase of the War in Afghanistan. The operation was succeeded by Operation Freedom's Sentinel, which ended in August 2021 in Taliban victory.
References[]
- ^ "Nile Expedition". The Canadian Encyclopedia.
- ^ "Peel 1519, p. 0". peel.library.ualberta.ca.
- ^ "WarMuseum.ca - Canada and the South African War (Boer War) - 1899-1902". www.warmuseum.ca.
- ^ Canada, Veterans Affairs (February 20, 2019). "Canada Remembers the South African War Historical Sheet - South African War - History - Remembrance - Veterans Affairs Canada". www.veterans.gc.ca.
- ^ Mougel, Nadège. "World War I casualties" (PDF). Centre européen Robert Schuman.
- ^ Canada, Veterans Affairs (February 20, 2019). "The First World War - History - Veterans Affairs Canada". www.veterans.gc.ca.
- ^ "Research Starters: Worldwide Deaths in World War II". The National WWII Museum | New Orleans.
- ^ Canada, Veterans Affairs (February 20, 2019). "Canada Remembers the Korean War Historical Sheet - The Korean War - History - Remembrance - Veterans Affairs Canada". www.veterans.gc.ca.
- ^ "Fallen Canadians Afghanistan".
- ^ Lake, Eli (22 August 2014). "Obama vs ISIS: This time it's personal". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
- ^ "US weighs direct military action against ISIS in Syria". The New York Times. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
- ^ "French hostage beheading: France to boost Syria rebels". BBC News. 25 September 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
- ^ http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/justin-trudeau-canada-isis-fight-announcement-1.3438279.
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(help) - ^ "Canadians making a difference against ISIS in Iraq | Toronto Sun". November 11, 2016.
- Wars involving Canada
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