Lucy (chimpanzee)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with Lucy (Australopithecus).
A famous picture of Lucy Temerlin and her caretaker Janis Carter hugging about a year before Lucy's death

Lucy (1964–1987)[1] was a chimpanzee owned by the Institute for Primate Studies in Oklahoma, and raised by Maurice K. Temerlin, a psychotherapist and professor at the University of Oklahoma and his wife, Jane.

Background[]

Temerlin and his wife raised Lucy as if she were a human child, teaching her to eat with silverware, dress herself, flip through magazines, and sit in a chair at the dinner table. She was taught signs taken from American Sign Language by primatologist Roger Fouts as part of an ape language project and eventually learned 140 signs. She appeared in Life magazine, where she became famous for drinking straight gin, rearing a cat, sculpting models of human heads out of her own feces, and using Playgirl and a vacuum cleaner for sexual gratification.[2][3] Around that time, the Temerlins introduced her for the first time to a male chimpanzee, and she was frightened and did not relate to him, let alone find him attractive. Fouts has written that when he arrived at Lucy's home at 8:30 every morning, Lucy would greet him with a hug, take the kettle, fill it with water, find two cups and tea bags, and serve the tea.

By the time she was 12, Lucy had become very strong and was very destructive in the Temerlin house. Eventually, she was shipped to a chimpanzee rehabilitation center in Gambia, accompanied by University of Oklahoma psychology graduate student Janis Carter.[4] Stella Marsden, who ran the chimpanzee rehabilitation project expressed that due to Lucy’s age and background she was not a suitable candidate for rehabilitation. A more humane option for Lucy was to retire with other chimpanzees who also could not be rehabilitated and to continue to receive the food, magazines, toys, et cetera that she was accustomed to from birth.[5] For years, Lucy was unable to relate to the other chimpanzees in the rehabilitation center, and never reproduced, displaying sexual attraction only to humans. Lucy showed many signs of depression, including refusal to eat, and expressed "hurt" via sign language. Though her adopted Temerlin parents stayed with Lucy for only a few weeks in Gambia, Janis Carter remained at the Center for years, devoting a great deal of time to helping Lucy assimilate to life in the wild.

A year after leaving Lucy, Carter returned with some of Lucy's belongings. Lucy and a group of chimpanzees greeted her, and Lucy embraced her, and then left with the other chimpanzees without turning back, which Carter interpreted as Lucy having adapted to life as a chimpanzee. One year after that, Carter returned and found Lucy's skeleton with hands missing and head separated from the rest of the body, and no sign of skin or hair, from which Carter concluded that Lucy had been poached.[6][7] However, others who were intimately involved in Lucy's rehabilitation question this possibility, because the skeleton, in its advanced state of decomposition, could not provide evidence of poaching over some other cause of death.[8]

News coverage[]

In early 2010, Lucy's life-story was the subject of a one-hour Radiolab episode 702, "Lucy".[9] Excerpts of this show were also included in the February 19, 2010, episode of This American Life, Episode 401, "Parent Trap". Both stories focus on Lucy's lifelong emotional stress.[10]

In 2021 an HBO Max documentary film, Lucy the Human Chimp, was made.[11]

Books by Temerlin[]

  • Lucy: Growing Up Human: A Chimpanzee Daughter in a Psychotherapist's Family, Temerlin, Maurice. 1976 ISBN 0-8314-0045-5
  • Labelling Madness, Contributor, "Suggestion Effects in Psychiatric Diagnosis," Thomas J. Scheff, (ed.), Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1975.
  • The Social Psychology of Clinical Diagnosis, University of Oklahoma, Dept. of Psychology 1966

References[]

  1. ^ Dale Peterson (1995). Chimpanzee Travels: On and Off the Road in Africa. London: The University of Georgia Press. pp. 136, 151. ISBN 0-8203-2489-2.
  2. ^ Pagan Kennedy. "Chimps Will Inherit the Earth?". Beacon Press.
  3. ^ David Goldenberg. "The Nipple Fetish". Gelf Magazine.
  4. ^ Douglas Foster (November 2005). "35 Who Made a Difference: Janis Carter". Smithsonian Magazine. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
  5. ^ "Chimpanzee Rehabilitation Trust & Adoption Scheme". www.chimprehab.com. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  6. ^ dead link Archived 2010-05-22 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ Steven M. Wise (2000). Rattling the Cage: Toward Legal Rights for Animals. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Perseus Books. ISBN 0-7382-0437-4.
  8. ^ Animal People I Nov. 06 Did poachers really kill Lucy, the sign language chimp? Archived 2008-08-08 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ WNYC Radio (January 2010). "Radiolab Show 702 - Lucy". Radio. USA: NPR and Public Radio Exchange. Archived from the original on 22 February 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
  10. ^ This American Life (2010-02-19). "Episode 401: Parent Trap". USA: WBEZ Radio. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
  11. ^ Horton, Adrian (29 April 2021). "'They all got on as one family': the story of a woman who lived with chimps". The Guardian.
Retrieved from ""