This is a good article. Click here for more information.

M1 (İzmir Metro)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

M1
Fahrettin Altay-Evka 3 Line
Stationsschild Izmir Metro.png
Izmir Metro at Bölge.jpg
A westbound train after departing Bölge station.
Overview
Native nameFahrettin Altay–Evka 3 Hattı
StatusIn operation
Ownerİzmir Metropolitan Municipality
Localeİzmir, Turkey
TerminiFahrettin Altay, Balçova (East)
Evka 3, Bornova (West)
Stations17
Service
TypeMetro
Systemİzmir Metro
Operator(s)İzmir Metro A.Ş.
Depot(s)Halkapınar depot
Rolling stock182
  • 45 ABB wagons (2-car 5-unit)
  • 42 CSR wagons (2-car 5-unit)
  • 95 CNR wagons
  • CRRC (5 articulated car unit)
[1]
Ridership100 million (2019)[2]
History
CommencedSeptember 1992 (1992-09)
Opened22 May 2000 (2000-05-22)
CompletedApril 2000 (2000-04)
Technical
Line length19.8[3] km (12.3 mi)
Number of tracksDouble track, drives on the right
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge[4]
Minimum radius125 metres (410 ft)[5]
Electrification750V DC third rail, bottom contact[6]
Operating speed80[6] km/h (50 mph)
Route map

Legend
Evka 3
Ege Üniversitesi
Bornova
Bölge
Sanayi
Stadyum
Halkapınar Maintenance Facility
Halkapınar
Hilal
İZBAN
İzmir - Eğirdir railway
Basmane
Çankaya
Konak
Üçyol
M2 line
İzmirspor
Hatay
Göztepe
Poligon
Fahrettin Altay
This diagram:

The M1, also known as the Fahrettin Altay–Evka 3 Line (Turkish: Fahrettin Altay–Evka 3 Hattı), is the only active line of the İzmir Metro in İzmir, Turkey. The 19.8-kilometre (12.3 mi) line runs from Fahrettin Altay station in the west to Evka 3 station in the east, consisting of 17 stations. Construction of the first stage of line began in 1992 and was completed in 2000, consisting of 10 initial stations.

Further extensions of the line since 2005 have been plagued by repeated construction delays and re-awarding of tenders. An eastern extension in 2012 and western extension in 2014 added another two and five stations to the line respectively. As of May 2021, the line is in the process of being extended a further 7.2 kilometres (4.5 mi) west to station, with operations slated to begin in 2022. Plans exist for a further extension to Güzelbahçe in future.

All stations on the M1 are handicapped accessible. The line runs almost completely underground with the exception of six stations.

Construction[]

Bornova to Üçyol section (1992–2000)[]

The construction of the M1 started in September 1992 with its foundation being laid in December 1994.[7][8] The 1.7 km (1.1 mi) Nenehatun tunnels (named after Nene Hatun) between Üçyol and Konak stations were constructed via the New Austrian tunnelling method (NATM),[9] while the 2.8 km (1.7 mi) Ümmühan Ana tunnels (named after the mother of Süleyman Demirel) between Konak and Basmane stations were constructed via the earth pressure balance tunnelling method.[10][11] The rolling stock was delivered in August 1996.[8] The first 12 km (7.5 mi) section from Bornova to Üçyol stations was completed in April 2000. Consisting of 10 stations, it began service on 22 May 2000.[8]

Üçyol to Fahrettin Altay section (2005–2014)[]

In March 2005, a tender was awarded for the Üçyol–Fahrettin Altay section, a 5.2 km (3.2 mi) extension to the west consisting of six new stations.[12] The foundation of the extension was laid three months later and tunneling works commenced on 5 July 2005, with the extension slated to be completed in two years. However, when the contractor failed to fulfill their obligations, the İzmir Metropolitan Municipality sent a cease and desist letter to the company on 14 February 2006, subsequently cancelling the tender in November 2006.[12] A new tender was announced on 23 January 2007 with an aim complete the extension by 31 October 2008.[13] The tender was cancelled on 13 August 2009 after the contractor requested a 15-month extension.[13][14]

The İzmir Metropolitan Municipality issued a third tender in October 2009,[15] but it was again cancelled by the Public Procurement Authority for unspecified reasons.[12] The cancellation had occurred after a company's objection to the tender even though it had not been invited to the tender.[16] Consequently, İzmir Metropolitan decided to complete the remaining construction using their own resources due to the possibility of a tunnel collapse if it were not concreted.[12][17] The contractor then resumed work in February 2010[18] after the cancellation was turned down by the administrative court.[19]

On 18 June 2012, test runs began between İzmirspor and Hatay stations, opening to passengers service on 29 December 2012.[20] Göztepe station entered service on 25 March 2014,[21] with the last two stations on the extension, Poligon and Fahrettin Altay stations, opening their doors on 27 July 2014.[22] The planned Güzelyalı station between these two stations was dropped from the project due to an underground stream.[23]

Evka 3 to Bornova Merkez section (2007–present)[]

Work on the Bornova–Bornova Merkez extension on the M1's eastern axis started in 2007. However, the section between Evka 3 and Bornova Merkez stations was delayed after the contractor company refused to do construction drawings. Constructing the section would have risked building damage as it was discovered during excavations that the soil contained clay and sand.[24][25] The construction was fully stopped in 2008 after the contractor could not finish the extension and requested an additional year, which was rejected.[25] A new tender was issued in October 2009 to finish the remaining work. However, that tender was cancelled by the Public Procurement Authority.[26]

A third tender was made in April 2010, but it was cancelled by the municipality after the court reverted the cancellation of the second tender. The municipality signed an agreement with the winner of the second tender but the agreement was reverted after the high court reversed the decision of lower court about the second tender. A fourth tender was issued in August 2010 and construction started in September.[24] Test drives started on 20 March 2012 for the 2.6 km (1.6 mi) section to Evka 3. Evka 3 and Ege University stations began service on 30 March 2012.[3]

Further extensions and plans[]

The line is planned to be extended to Bornova district in the east and Güzelbahçe in the west, with further extensions still under planning.[27][28]

Works on the 7.2 km (4.5 mi) Fahrettin Altay–Kaymakamlık extension to the west began on 9 June 2018 and are scheduled for completion October 2022, at a cost of ₺1.027 billion.[29][30] As of 25 January 2021, 90% of the tunneling work on the Fahrettin Altay– [tr] extension had been completed,[30] and one of two tunnels on the extension was fully completed on 4 March.[31] There are seven stations planned for the extension: Balçova, Çağdaş, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hastane, Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi, Narlıdere, Siteler, and Kaymakamlık.[32]

The M1 line will be further extended from Kaymakamlık, which is under construction, to Güzelbahçe. This 13.6 km (8.5 mi) extension is planned to have another 11 stations.[28][33]

Stations[]

The exterior of Stadyum metro station
The interior of Çankaya metro station

There are 17 stations on the M1 line, all with handicapped access.[34] Most of the stations are underground with the following exceptions: Bölge, Halkapınar and Sanayi stations are at-grade; Hilal and Stadyum stations are on viaducts; and Bornova station is in a splitting tunnel.[6] Each station has a platform length of 125 m (410 ft).[6]

As of September 2020, all stations charge a standard fare (₺3.46) from standard İzmirim Kart owners for the first ride.[35]

Links to the transportation network include: transfer to İZBAN at both Halkapınar and Hilal stations; to ESHOT and  [tr] buses via Bornova, Evka 3, Fahrettin Altay, Halkapınar, Konak and Üçyol stations; to İZDENİZ ships via Konak station; TCDD Taşımacılık trains via Basmane and Halkapınar station; and to Konak Tram via Fahrettin Altay, Halkapınar and Konak.[36]

Key
† Terminus
Station Location Commenced[3][8] Line transfers[37] Other connections and notes Building type[3]
Evka 3 † Northeast Bornova ( [tr]) 30 April 2012 — — Cut and cover
Ege Üniversitesi Southeast Bornova 30 April 2012 — Serves the Ege University campus and  [tr] Cut and cover
Bornova South Bornova, under former Bornova railway station 22 May 2000 ESHOTESHOT Bus: 119, 348 Serves Ege University Hospital Splitting tunnel
Bölge Southwest Bornova, just south of D.300 state highway (University Avenue) ( [tr],  [tr]) 22 May 2000 ESHOTESHOT Bus: 119, 348 — At-grade
Sanayi Southwest Bornova ( [tr],  [tr]) 22 May 2000 ESHOTESHOT Bus: 119, 348 — At-grade
Stadyum Southwest Bornova 22 May 2000 ESHOTESHOT Bus: 102, 214, 249, 415, 498, 501, 502, 503, 504, 543, 599, 662, 699, 856 Named after İzmir Atatürk Stadium Viaduct
Halkapınar East Konak ( [tr]) 22 May 2000 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 53, 77, 78, 102, 125, 140, 147, 148, 154, 168, 240, 253, 335, 418, 477, 498, 501, 502, 503, 504, 515[a], 543, 555, 560, 564, 599
İZBAN İZBAN
Line T2 Konak Tram (Terminus)
Mainline rail interchange TCDD Taşımacılık 		Serves İzmir Atatürk Stadium and İzmir Halkapınar Sport Hall At-grade
Hilal Konak ( [tr]) 22 May 2000 İZBAN İZBAN at Hilal — Viaduct
Çankaya Konak ( [tr]) 22 May 2000 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 32, 39, 42, 44, 45, 46, 251, 838 Serves the historic Kemeraltı district and Hisar Mosque Cut and cover
Basmane Konak (Basmane [tr]) 22 May 2000 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 34, 35, 39, 42, 44, 45, 46, 302, 466, 838
Mainline rail interchange TCDD Taşımacılık 		Serves the south side of Kültürpark Cut and cover
Konak Center of Konak 22 May 2000 Line T2 Tram İzmir at Konak İskele
İzdeniz İZDENİZ at Konak Terminal
ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 15, 21, 27, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 44, 63, 72, 104, 105, 121, 152, 157, 169, 171, 193, 224, 233, 252, 253, 285, 302, 304, 374, 465, 466, 484, 550, 587, 588, 802, 838, 887, 910, 920, 930, 940, 950 		Serves Konak Square and  [tr] Cut and cover
Üçyol Konak 22 May 2000 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 84, 89, 92, 108, 124, 156, 490, 520, 523, 524, 556, 588, 823, 950 — Deep tunnel
İzmirspor Konak (Hatay) 29 December 2012 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 15, 581, 950 — Cut and cover
Hatay Konak (Hatay) 29 December 2012 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 581, 950 — Cut and cover
Göztepe Konak (Göztepe) 25 April 2014 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 581, 950 — Deep tunnel
Poligon South Konak 25 April 2014 ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 581, 879, 950 — Cut and cover
Fahrettin Altay † Tripoint between Karabağlar, Balçova, and Konak 26 July 2014 Line T2 Tram İzmir at F. Altay (terminus)
ESHOT ESHOT Bus: 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 17, 24, 25, 82, 167, 169, 305, 311, 320, 321, 480, 486, 510, 551, 554, 581, 671, 690, 725, 730, 735, 736, 879, 916, 945, 950, 969, 971 		Serves Fahrettin Altay Square Cut and cover
Notes
  1. ^ intermediate stop

Trains[]

The M1 opened in 2000 with 45 wagons.[38][39] In 2011, the wagon number was increased to 77 with 8 train sets from China consisting of 32 wagons.[40] 10 more wagons were added in 2015, increasing the number to 87.[38][41] 19 train sets consisting of 95 wagons were delivered in 2017, increasing the total to 182.[42][43][44] Each train set consisted of three wagons at first; however, this number increased to four, then five.[45] The trains work at an average of 40 km/h (25 mph) and are stored in Halkapınar Maintenance Facility.[6]

Accidents[]

In 2015, the escalators at Üçyol station broke down, resulting with 14 injuries.[46]

In 2016, a train collided with a container that fell onto the rails near Bölge station, injuring 10 people. The train tilted over as a result of the collision.[47]

In 2019, a construction worker died after his arm was crushed during the construction in Narlıdere.[48]

References[]

  1. ^ "Yıllık Faaliyet Raporu" [Annual Activity Report] (in Turkish). İZMİR METRO A.Ş. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
  2. ^ "İzmir'de metro ve tramvay 2019'da 140 milyon yolcu taşıdı" [Metro and tram in İzmir carried 140 million passengers in 2019]. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi (in Turkish). 10 January 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d "İzmir Metro A.Ş. Stratejik Planı 2020–2024" [Izmir Metro A.S. Strategic Plan 2020–2024] (PDF) (in Turkish). İzmir Metro A.Ş. 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  4. ^ Aykar, Emre. "Izmir Metro: Story of a Successful Engineering Project" (PDF). Retrieved 5 July 2021. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. ^ Unlutepe, Ahmet; Tellioglu, Volkan; Arioglu, Basar. "Predicted and observed ground deformations due to TBM tunnel excavations of the Izmir Metro Project (Stage 1)". Retrieved 5 July 2021. ... In addition, this stretch of the alignment has the minimum curve radius (R=250m). Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ a b c d e "2003 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu" [2003 Annual Report] (PDF) (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 2003. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  7. ^ "İzmir Metro Projesi Nenehatun Tünelindeki Geoteknik Çalışmalar ve Değerlendirilmesi" [Geotechnical Studies and Evaluation of Izmir Metro Project Nenehatun Tunnel] (PDF) (in Turkish). BUPİM. 14 October 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d "İzmir Metro A.Ş. Tanıtım Kitabı" [Izmir Metro A.S. Introduction Book] (PDF) (in Turkish). İzmir Metro A.Ş. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 July 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  9. ^ "Yer altında büyük buluşma" [Underground meeting]. Milliyet (in Turkish). 2 September 1997. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  10. ^ "İZMİR METRO A.Ş. STRATEJİK PLANI 2015 – 2019" [İZMİR METRO A.Ş. STRATEGIC PLAN 2015 – 2019] (in Turkish). Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  11. ^ "İzmir Metro Projesinde Yeni Avusturya Tünel Açma Metodu, Zemin Basıncı Dengeleme Tünel Metodu ve Aç-Kapa Tünel Uygulamaları" [New Austrian Tunneling Method, Ground Pressure Balancing Tunnel Method and Cut-Cover Tunnel Applications in Izmir Metro Project] (PDF) (in Turkish). Yapı Merkezi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  12. ^ a b c d "İzmirlinin bitmeyen metro çilesi". Evrensel. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  13. ^ a b "Ekim'de Metro Atağı". www.izmirmetro.com.tr. İzmir Metro A.Ş. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  14. ^ "Üçyol-Üçkuyular hattı bitmiyor" [Üçyol-Üçkuyular line does not end]. mimdap.org (in Turkish). Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  15. ^ "Metro 17 ayda bitecek" [Metro will be finished in 17 months] (in Turkish). Milliyet. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  16. ^ "BAŞKAN KOCAOĞLU: "KİK KARARINI YARGIYA GÖTÜRÜYORUZ"" [PRESIDENT KOCAOĞLU: “WE TAKE JUDGMENT DECISION]. www.izmirmetro.com.tr (in Turkish). İZMİR METRO A.Ş. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  17. ^ "METRO "7X24" MESAİ" [METRO "7X24" OFFICE]. www.izmirmetro.com.tr (in Turkish). İzmir Metro A.Ş. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  18. ^ ""ULAŞTIRMA BAKANLIĞI'NA DEVİR YOK; METROYA BAŞLADIK, BİTİRİYORUZ"" [NO TRANSFER TO THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION; WE STARTED THE METRO, WE ARE FINISHING]. www.izmirmetro.com.tr (in Turkish). İZMİR METRO A.Ş. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  19. ^ "HAKLILIĞIMIZ TESCİL EDİLDİ, MUTLUYUZ" [OUR RIGHTS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED, WE ARE HAPPY]. www.izmirmetro.com.tr (in Turkish). İZMİR METRO A.Ş. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  20. ^ Utku, Bolulu (30 December 2012). "İzmir Metrosu İzmirspor ve Hatay istasyonu açıldı" [İzmir Metro İzmirspor and Hatay stations opened]. www.hurriyet.com.tr (in Turkish). Hürriyet. DHA. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  21. ^ "İzmir metrosu Göztepe'ye uzadı" [Izmir metro extended to Göztepe] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 25 March 2014. Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  22. ^ "Kocaoğlu'ndan Bayram Sürprizi: İzmir Metrosunun Son Etabı Açılıyor" [Bayram Surprise from Kocaoğlu: The Last Stage of Izmir Metro Opens] (in Turkish). DHA. 26 July 2014. Archived from the original on 27 July 2014. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  23. ^ "Güzelyalı İstasyonu iptal!." [Guzelyali Station is cancelled!]. Milliyet (in Turkish). 13 October 2009. Archived from the original on 26 July 2014. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  24. ^ a b "BORNOVA METROSU'NDA MUTLU SON" [HAPPY END IN BORNOVA METRO]. www.izmirmetro.com.tr (in Turkish). İZMİR METRO A.Ş. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
  25. ^ a b "Büyükşehir tünel için düğmeye bastı" [Metropolitan pressed the button for the tunnel]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 8 October 2014. Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
  26. ^ "Metro ihalesi tamam" [Metro tender complete] (in Turkish). Yeni Asır. 23 April 2010. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
  27. ^ Bolulu, Utku (8 March 2014). "Kocaoğlu İzmirlinin İzmir'ini anlattı" [Kocaoğlu strategy of 'Izmir of the people of Izmir']. Hürriyet (in Turkish). İzmir. Archived from the original on 22 May 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  28. ^ a b "İşte İzmir'in yol haritası" [Here is the road map of Izmir] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 9 January 2018. Archived from the original on 21 January 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  29. ^ "Büyükşehir'den 'milyarlık' yatırım" ['Billion' investment from the Metropolitan] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 10 June 2018. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 10 June 2018.
  30. ^ a b "GÜNDEME BAKIŞ Narlıdere metrosuna girdi... 2022'nin Kasım'ında yola çıkıyor" [OVERVIEW He entered the Narlıdere metro... He is leaving in November 2022] (in Turkish). 25 January 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  31. ^ "Soyer: Muazzam bir başarı hikayesi" [Soyer: A tremendous success story] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
  32. ^ "Narlıdere Metrosu'nu "Yeraltı Canavarı" Kazacak" ["Underground Monster" Will Dig Narlıdere Metro] (in Turkish). İZMİR METRO A.Ş. Retrieved 3 July 2021. 42 ay olarak planlanan yapım sürecinin sonunda Narlıdere metro hattı, Balçova, Çağdaş, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hastane, Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi (GSF), Narlıdere, Siteler ve Kaymakamlık olmak üzere 7 istasyondan oluşacak.
  33. ^ "İzmir Ulaşım Ana Planı: Sonuçlar" [Izmir Transportation Master Plan: Results] (PDF) (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 28 December 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  34. ^ "Londra, Hong Kong, Paris, Sydney.. Ve İzmir" [London, Hong Kong, Paris, Sydney.. And Izmir] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 29 November 2013. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  35. ^ "Ücret Tarifesi" [Fee Schedule] (in Turkish). ESHOT. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  36. ^ "İstasyonlar ve Aktarma Merkezleri" [Stations and Transfer Centers] (in Turkish). İzmir Metro A.Ş. Archived from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  37. ^ "Metro Connected Lines" [Annual Activity Report] (in Turkish). ESHOT Genel Müdürlüğü. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  38. ^ a b "İzmir rayında" [On the rail of Izmir]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 28 February 2016. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  39. ^ "16 yılda kat kat büyüdü" [It has grown exponentially in 16 years.] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 21 May 2016. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  40. ^ "Yeni trenler İzmir'de" [Annual Activity Report] (in Turkish). İzmir Metro A.Ş. 16 November 2011. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  41. ^ "İzmir metrosuna yeni vagonlar geliyor" [New train cars are coming to Izmir metro]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 15 January 2015. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  42. ^ "İzmir'de işler 'rayında'" [Things are 'on track' in İzmir] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 11 February 2017. Archived from the original on 20 January 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  43. ^ "37 milyar dolarlık Çin devi, İzmir için üretiyor" [The $37 billion Chinese giant produces for Izmir] (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  44. ^ "Metroya 10 yeni araç geldi" [10 new vehicles arrived in the metro]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 10 September 2016. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  45. ^ "Fahrettin Altay açıldı Metro coştu!" [Fahrettin Altay opened: The metro was excited!]. Ege'de Son Söz (in Turkish). 7 September 2014. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  46. ^ "İzmir Metro'da yürüyen merdiven kazası" [Escalator accident in Izmir Metro]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 27 February 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
  47. ^ "İzmir'de metro kazası: 10 yaralı" [Metro accident in Izmir: 10 injured]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). 8 January 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
  48. ^ "Kaldırıldığı hastanede yapılan tüm müdahalelere rağmen kurtarılamadı" [Despite all the interventions in the hospital where he was taken, he could not be saved.]. Habertürk (in Turkish). 30 August 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2021.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""