Mallotus (plant)

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This article is about the plant. For the fish genus, see Mallotus (fish).

Mallotus
Mallotus philippensis - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-221.jpg
Kamala tree (M. philippensis)[1]
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Acalyphoideae
Tribe: Acalypheae
Subtribe:
Genus: Mallotus
Lour.
Synonyms[2]
  • Aconceveibum Miq.
  • Adisa Steud.
  • Adisca Blume
  • Axenfeldia Baill.
  • Boutonia Bojer
  • Boutonia Bojer ex Baill.
  • Canschi Adans.
  • Coccoceras Miq.
  • Coelodiscus Baill.
  • Echinocroton F.Muell.
  • Echinus Lour.
  • Lasipana Raf.
  • Neotrewia Pax & K.Hoffm.
  • Octospermum Airy Shaw
  • Plagianthera Rchb.f. & Zoll.
  • Rottlera Willd.
  • Rottlera Roxb.
  • Stylanthus Rchb.f. & Zoll.
  • Trewia L. [a]
Mallotus japonicus
Mallotus mollissimus

Mallotus is a genus of the spurge family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1790.[4] Two species (M. oppositifolius and ) are found in tropical Africa and Madagascar. All the other species are found in East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, and certain islands of the western Pacific.[2][5][6][7] The genus has about 150 species of dioecious trees or shrubs.[8]

Fossil record[]

Mallotus macrofossils have been recovered from the late Zanclean stage of Pliocene sites in Pocapaglia, Italy.[9]

Uses[]

Mallotus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Endoclita malabaricus. The Kamala tree (Mallotus philippensis) has hairs of whose seed capsule which are the source of a yellow dye (kamala dye) and (formerly) herbal remedy.

Species[2][]

  1. - S Thailand, W Malaysia
  2. - Hainan
  3. - S China
  4. Mallotus atrovirens - SW India
  5. - Papua New Guinea
  6. - India
  7. - India, Indochina, S China, Malaysia, W Indonesia
  8. - SW India
  9. - Java, Sumatra
  10. - Sarawak, Kalimantan
  11. - S Thailand, W Malaysia
  12. - S Thailand
  13. - Cambodia
  14. - Vietnam
  15. - Borneo
  16. - Luzon
  17. - Papua New Guinea
  18. - Vietnam
  19. Mallotus claoxyloides- E Australia, Papua New Guinea
  20. - Kelantan
  21. - Philippines
  22. - Philippines, Borneo
  23. - Indochina
  24. Mallotus cumingii - Philippines, Borneo, Sulawesi
  25. - Papua New Guinea
  26. - Bangladesh, Indochina, W Malaysia
  27. - New Guinea
  28. Mallotus discolor - E Australia
  29. - Indochina, W Malaysia, W Indonesia
  30. - N Australia
  31. Mallotus distans - S India, Sri Lanka
  32. - Fujian
  33. - Vietnam
  34. Mallotus eriocarpus - Sri Lanka, W Malaysia
  35. - Borneo, W Malaysia
  36. Mallotus ficifolius - Queensland
  37. Mallotus floribundus - SE Asia, Papuasia
  38. Mallotus fuscescens - Sri Lanka
  39. - N Laos, N Thailand
  40. - Indochina
  41. - NE Thailand
  42. - Hainan
  43. - Vietnam
  44. - Sarawak
  45. - Thailand, Myanmar
  46. - S Thailand
  47. - S China
  48. - Maluku, Lesser Sunda Islands
  49. - India
  50. Mallotus japonicus - Japan, Korea, China, Ryukyu Islands
  51. - Assam, Indochina, S China
  52. - Yunnan, N Thailand
  53. - Philippines, Malaysia, W Indonesia
  54. - Guizhou
  55. - Borneo, Philippines
  56. - S China, Indochina
  57. - Andaman & Nicobar Is, Malaysia, W Indonesia
  58. - Myanmar
  59. - New Guinea
  60. - S Myanmar, S Thailand
  61. - SE Asia
  62. - Assam, Myanmar
  63. - S Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
  64. - Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang
  65. - Sarawak
  66. - Myanmar
  67. - S Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
  68. - New Guinea
  69. Mallotus megadontus - Queensland
  70. - N Thailand, Vietnam, Guangxi
  71. - S China
  72. - Guizhou
  73. - Borneo, Sulawesi, Philippines
  74. - Thailand, Borneo, Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra
  75. - Thailand
  76. Mallotus mollissimus - Indonesia, Philippines, Papuasia, Queensland
  77. - Pahang
  78. - S Thailand, W Malaysia
  79. - Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
  80. - Myanmar
  81. - Laos, Cambodia
  82. - Guizhou
  83. - Nepal, Yunnan, Myanmar, Assam, Bhutan
  84. - N Australia
  85. - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China
  86. Mallotus oppositifolius - Madagascar, tropical Africa
  87. - Yunnan, Sikkim
  88. - Myanmar
  89. - S Thailand
  90. - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Queensland, Papuasia
  91. - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia
  92. Mallotus philippensis - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia, Ryukyu Islands
  93. - Thailand, Vietnam
  94. Mallotus pleiogynus - New Guinea
  95. Mallotus plicatus - Indochina
  96. - Vietnam
  97. - New Guinea, Queensland
  98. - W India
  99. - Solomon Islands
  100. Mallotus repandus - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia, New Caledonia
  101. Mallotus resinosus - Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, Papuasia, Queensland
  102. Mallotus rhamnifolius - S India, Sri Lanka
  103. - E Himalayas
  104. - W Indonesia
  105. - Vietnam
  106. - Sumatra
  107. - Kalimantan
  108. - E China
  109. - S Thailand, W Malaysia
  110. - Anhui
  111. - W + C Africa
  112. - Sumatra, Borneo
  113. - Cape York Peninsula
  114. - Hunan
  115. Mallotus tetracoccus - Indian Subcontinent, Thailand, Myanmar, Yunnan
  116. - Indochina
  117. Mallotus thunbergianus - Sri Lanka
  118. - Hainan, SE Asia, Papuasia, Micronesia, Taiwan
  119. - New Guinea
  120. - Cambodia
  121. - - Sumatra, Borneo, W Malaysia
  122. - Yunnan

Formerly included[2][]

moved to other genera (Acalypha Aleurites Blumeodendron Chondrostylis Cleidion Croton Discocleidion Endospermum Hancea Lasiococca Macaranga Melanolepis Neoboutonia Plukenetia Ptychopyxis Rockinghamia Spathiostemon Sumbaviopsis )

  1. M. affinis -
  2. M. angulatus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  3. M. angustifolius -
  4. M. arboreus -
  5. M. arboreus var. platyphyllus -
  6. M. auriculatus -
  7. M. baillonianus -
  8. M. brevipes Merr. 1915 -
  9. M. brevipes Pax ex Engl. 1895 -
  10. M. calcosus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  11. M. calvus - Spathiostemon javensis
  12. M. capensis -
  13. M. capuronii -
  14. M. caput-medusae -
  15. M. cavaleriei - Discocleidion rufescens
  16. M. chrysanthus -
  17. M. cordatifolius -
  18. M. dallachyi -
  19. M. diadenus -
  20. M. echinatus -
  21. M. eglandulosus - Spathiostemon javensis
  22. M. eucaustus -
  23. M. geloniifolius -
  24. M. glaberrimus -
  25. M. grandistipularis -
  26. M. griffithianus -
  27. M. hellwigianus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  28. M. henryi -
  29. M. hirsutus -
  30. M. hollrungianus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  31. M. hookerianus -
  32. M. hookerianus var. papuanus -
  33. M. impar -
  34. M. inamoenus -
  35. M. integrifolius - Hancea integrifolia
  36. M. kingii -
  37. M. kunstleri -
  38. M. kurzii -
  39. M. leptophyllus -
  40. M. longistylus -
  41. M. maingayi -
  42. M. melleri -
  43. M. minahassae -
  44. M. moluccanus - Aleurites moluccanus
  45. M. moluccanus var. glabratus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  46. M. moluccanus var. pendulus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  47. M. multiglandulosus - Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  48. M. nitidus -
  49. M. papuanus -
  50. M. papuanus var. glabrescens -
  51. M. papuanus var. intermedius - Hancea penangensis
  52. M. penangensis -
  53. M. populifolius -
  54. M. preussii - Plukenetia conophora
  55. M. pseudopenangensis -
  56. M. pseudoverticillatus -
  57. M. ramosii -
  58. M. samarensis -
  59. M. sarawakensis -
  60. M. speciosus - Sumbaviopsis albicans
  61. M. spinulosus -
  62. M. stipularis -
  63. M. subpeltatus -
  64. M. tenuipes -
  65. M. tsiangii -
  66. M. vernicosus -
  67. M. vitifolius - Melanolepis vitifolia
  68. M. wenzelianus -
  69. M. woodii -
  70. M. xylacanthus -
  71. M. yifengensis -

Notes[]

  1. ^ One anagram of this genus name yields Wetriaria, another genus of Euphorbiaceae.[3]

References[]

  1. ^ 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  2. ^ a b c d Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ Burkhardt, Lotte (2018-06-06). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen - Erweiterte Edition. Index of Eponymic Plant Names - Extended Edition. Index de Noms éponymiques des Plantes - Édition augmentée (in German). Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin. p. A7. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5.
  4. ^ Loureiro, João de. 1790. Flora Cochinchinensis 601, 635
  5. ^ Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 225 野桐属 ye tong shu Mallotus Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 635. 1790.
  6. ^ Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  7. ^ Sierra, S.E.C. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2005). A taxonomic revision of Mallotus section Mallotus (Euphorbiaceae) in Malesia. Blumea 50: 249-274.
  8. ^ Yamasaki, Eri; Sakai, Shoko (2013). "Wind and insect pollination (Ambophily) of Mallotus spp. (Euphorbiaceae) in tropical and temperate forests". Australian Journal of Botany. 61: 60. doi:10.1071/BT12202. hdl:2433/173327.
  9. ^ Messian to Zanclean vegetation and climate of Northern and Central Italy by Adele Bertini & Edoardo Martinetto, Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 47 (2), 2008, 105-121. Modena, 11 lugio 2008.
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