March 1973 Argentine general election

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March 1973 Argentine general election

Presidential election
← 1963 11 March 1973 September 1973 →
  Héctor José Cámpora (1973) - 2.jpg Ricardobalbin1.jpg Francisco Manrique.png
Nominee Héctor Cámpora Ricardo Balbín Francisco Manrique
Party Justicialist Party Radical Civic Union Federal Party
Alliance Justicialist Liberation Front
Running mate Vicente Solano Lima Rafael Martínez Raymonda
States carried 23 + CABA 0 0
Popular vote 5,899,642 2,535,581 1,775,767
Percentage 49.53% 21.29% 14.91%

Elecciones presidenciales de Argentina de 1973, marzo.png
Most voted party by province.

President before election

Alejandro Lanusse

Elected President

Héctor Cámpora
Justicialist Party

Legislative election
← 1965 11 March 1973 (First round)
15 April 1973 (Second round)
1983 →

243 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
69 seats in the Senate
Turnout85.55%
Party % Seats
Chamber of Deputies
Justicialist Liberation Front

49.11% 145
Radical Civic Union

20.33% 51

11.51% 20
Popular Revolutionary Alliance

6.67% 13

3.50% 10

8.88% 4
Senate
Justicialist Liberation Front

% 44
Radical Civic Union

% 12

% 5

% 4

% 4
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Mapa de las elecciones legislativas de Argentina de 1973.png
Chamber of Deputies results by province

The first Argentine general election of 1973 was held on 11 March. Voters chose both the President and their legislators.

Background[]

UCR leader Ricardo Balbín and Juan Perón, who again, in exile, became the central issue of the 1973 campaign.

The 1966 coup d'état against the moderate President Arturo Illia was carried out largely as a reaction to Illia's decision to honor local and legislative elections in which Peronists, officially banned from political activity following the violent overthrow of President Juan Perón in 1955, did well. Five years later, however, President Alejandro Lanusse found himself heading an unpopular junta, saddled by increasing political violence and an economic wind-down from the prosperous 1960s. Seizing the initiative, he gathered leaders from across the nation's political and intellectual spectrum for a July 1971 asado, a time-honored Argentine custom as much about camaraderie as about steak.

The result was Lanusse's "Great National Agreement," a road map to the return to democratic rule, including Peronists (the first such concession the military had made since Perón's 1955 exile). The agreement, however, bore little resemblance to what had been discussed and, instead, proposed virtual veto power for the armed forces over most future domestic and foreign policy. This patently unacceptable condition led most political figures to dismiss the much-touted event as the "Great National Asado," instead.

A year later, President Lanusse made the much-anticipated announcement: elections would be held, nationally, on March 11, 1973. Retaliating for Perón's unequivocal rejection of the 1971 accords, Lanusse limited the field of candidates to those residing in Argentina as of August 25, 1972 - a clear denial of the aging Perón the right to run on his own party's ticket (the likely winners). Perón did return to Argentina, however, on November 17, when, during a month-long stay, he secured the endorsement of prominent figures such as former President Arturo Frondizi of the Integration and Development Movement, of the Popular Leftist Front (FIP), Popular Conservative Alberto Fonrouge, Christian Democrat Carlos Imbaud, and other, mainly provincial parties. These diverse parties signed on to an umbrella ticket, led by the Justicialist Party and Perón's personal representative in Argentina, Héctor Cámpora. Partly in recognition for their support and to provide a counter-weight to the left-leaning Cámpora, Perón had the Justicialist Liberation Front (FREJULI) nominate for Vice President Popular Conservative leader Vicente Solano Lima, a newspaper publisher respected across most of Argentina's vastly diverse political spectrum.

Given little time to campaign by the calculating Lanusse (who fielded his own candidate, Brigadier General Ezequiel Martínez, for his ad hoc Federal Republican Alliance), the nation's myriad parties jockeyed for alliances and rushed to name candidates. The main opposition, the centrist Radical Civic Union (UCR), put forth their 1958 nominee, former Congressman Ricardo Balbín (head of the party's more conservative wing). Hoping to carry the mantle of those supporting Lanusse, Social Policy Minister Francisco Manrique ran on the ticket and Américo Ghioldi, who had led a split in the Socialist Party in 1958, ran on his Democratic Socialist slate - refusing (as the traditional Socialists had done) to endorse the Popular Revolutionary Alliance headed by former Governor Oscar Alende (the runner-up in the 1963 election).

The March 11 polls went smoothly and the FREJULI, which needed 50% of the total to avoid a runoff as per Lanusse's agreement, garnered 49.6%. The irony of the result, which came despite a 28% margin over the runners-up (the UCR), led the seasoned Balbín to petition President Lanusse for a waiver of the rule, something he granted, making the FREJULI alliance the winners of the March 11, 1973, election and paving the way for the definitive return of Juan Perón, whom Lanusse, many years later, would admit to being his "life's obsession."[1]

Candidates[]

Results[]

President[]

Presidential
candidate
Vice Presidential
candidate
Party Votes %
Héctor José Cámpora Vicente Solano Lima Justicialist Liberation Front (FREJULI) 5,899,642 49.53
Ricardo Balbín Eduardo Gamond Radical Civic Union (UCR) 2,535,581 21.29
Francisco Manrique Rafael Martínez Raymonda (APF) 1,775,767 14.91
Oscar Alende Horacio Sueldo Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APR) 885,274 7.43
Ezequiel Martínez Leopoldo Bravo Federal Republican Alliance (ARF) 347,262 2.92
Julio Chamizo Raúl Ondarts New Force (NF) 235,188 1.97
Américo Ghioldi René Balestra Democratic Socialist Party (PSD) 109,068 0.92
Juan Carlos Coral Nora Ciapponi Worker's Socialist Party (PST) 73,799 0.62
Jorge Abelardo Ramos José Silvetti Popular Left Front (FIP) 48,571 0.41
Total 11,910,152 100
Positive votes 11,910,152 97.30
Blank votes 279,855 2.29
Invalid votes 50,905 0.42
Total votes 12,240,912 100
Registered voters/turnout 14,256,991 85.86
Source:[2]

Chamber of Deputies[]

Party Votes % Seats
Total Justicialist Liberation Front (FREJULI) 5,864,683 49.11 145
Justicialist Liberation Front (FREJULI) 4,637,232 38.83
Integration and Development Movement (MID) 670,183 5.61
Justicialist Party (PJ) 529,487 4.43
Renewal Crusade 27,781 0.23
Radical Civic Union (UCR) 2,427,130 20.33 51
Total (APF) 1,374,504 11.51 20
(APF) 964,403 8.08
Democratic Progressive Party (PDP) 144,078 1.21
Popular Union (UP) 114,194 0.96
Federal Vanguard 70,706 0.59
Jujuy Popular Movement (MPJ) 32,376 0.27
La Pampa Federalist Movement (MOFEPA) 32,186 0.27
Catamarca Popular Movement 16,561 0.14
Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APR) 796,705 6.67 13
Total Federal Republican Alliance (ARF) 418,274 3.50 10
Federal Republican Alliance (ARF) 115,238 0.97
Democratic Party of Mendoza (PD) 104,312 0.87
Liberal - Autonomist Pact 93,958 0.79
Blockist Party (PB) 70,801 0.59
Río Negro Provincial Party (PPR) 19,555 0.16
Provincial Popular Movement 14,410 0.12
Salta People's Movement 30,891 0.26 1
Neuquén People's Movement (MPN) 28,898 0.24 2
Chubut Action Party (PACh) 11,976 0.10 1
Others 988,322 8.28
Total 11,941,383 100 243
Positive votes 11,941,383 97.60
Blank votes 260,830 2.13
Invalid votes 33,023 0.27
Total votes 12,235,236 100
Registered voters/turnout 14,302,497 85.55
Source:[3]

Senate[]

Party Votes % Seats
Justicialist Liberation Front (FREJULI) 44
Radical Civic Union (UCR) 12
(APF) 5
Federal Republican Alliance (ARF) 4
Neuquén People's Movement 2
Salta People's Movement 1
Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APR) 1
Total 69

Provincial Governors[]

Election of Provincial Governors
Elected: 22 provincial governors
Province Elected Party Map
Buenos Aires Oscar Bidegain Justicialist Liberation Front Elecciones provinciales de Argentina de 1973.png
Catamarca Justicialist Liberation Front
Chaco Deolindo Bittel Justicialist Liberation Front
Chubut Justicialist Liberation Front
Córdoba Ricardo Obregón Cano Justicialist Liberation Front
Corrientes Justicialist Liberation Front
Entre Ríos Justicialist Liberation Front
Formosa Justicialist Liberation Front
Jujuy Justicialist Liberation Front
La Pampa Justicialist Liberation Front
La Rioja Carlos Menem Justicialist Liberation Front
Mendoza Justicialist Liberation Front
Misiones Justicialist Liberation Front
Neuquén Felipe Sapag Neuquén People's Movement
Río Negro Justicialist Liberation Front
Salta Justicialist Liberation Front
San Juan Justicialist Liberation Front
San Luis Justicialist Liberation Front
Santa Cruz Jorge Cepernic Justicialist Liberation Front
Santa Fe Carlos Sylvestre Begnis Integration and Development Movement
Santiago del Estero Carlos Juárez Justicialist Liberation Front
Tucumán Justicialist Liberation Front

References[]

  1. ^ Clarín. 11 March 1993.
  2. ^ Elecciones (PDF). Estudios e Investigaciones Nº7. Vol. Volumen I. Dirección de Información Parlamentaria del Congreso de la Nación. April 1993. p. 227. ISBN 987-685-009-7. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  3. ^ Elecciones (PDF). Estudios e Investigaciones Nº7. Vol. Volumen I. Dirección de Información Parlamentaria del Congreso de la Nación. April 1993. p. 229. ISBN 987-685-009-7. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
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