Mi'irabawi Zone

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Western Tigray
Mi'irabawi
Zone
Flag of Western Tigray
Flag
Western Tigray location in Ethiopia
Western Tigray location in Ethiopia
CountryEthiopia
RegionTigray Region
Largest cityHumera
Area
[1]
 • Total12,323.35 km2 (4,758.07 sq mi)
Population
 (2012 est.)
 • Total407,560
 • Density33/km2 (86/sq mi)

Mi'irabawi (or "Western") is the westernmost zone of Tigray Region of Ethiopia. It is subdivided into three woredas (districts); from north to south they are Kafta Humera, Wolqayt and Tsegede. Major towns and cities include Humera. Mi'irabawi is bordered on the east by the Semien Mi'irabawi (North Western) Zone, the south by the Amhara Region, the west by Sudan and on the north by Eritrea.

In November 2020, the administration of Western Tigray was taken over by officials from Amhara Region, on the occasion of the Tigray War.[2]

Demographics[]

A map of the regions and zones of Ethiopia

Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this Zone has a total population of 356,598, of whom 182,571 are men and 174,027 women; 71,823 or 20.14% are urban inhabitants. Two largest ethnic groups reported in Semien Mi'irabawi were the Tigray (92.28%), and Amhara (6.48%); all other ethnic groups made up 1.24% of the population. Tigrinya is spoken as a first language by 86.73, and Amharic by 12.18%; the remaining 1.09% spoke all other primary languages reported. 96.25% of the population said they were Orthodox Christians, and 3.68% were Muslim.[3]

At the time of the 1994 national census, Mi'irabawi included the six woredas that were split off in 2005 to form the new Semien Mi'irabawi Zone. That census reported a total population of 733,962, of whom 371,198 were males and 362,764 females; 84,560 or 11.5% of its population were urban dwellers. The inhabitants of the Zone were predominantly Tigrayan, at 91.5% of the population, while 4.3% were Amhara, 3.5% foreign residents from Eritrea, and 0.2% Kunama; all other ethnic groups accounted for 0.5% of the population. Tigrinya was spoken as a first language by 94.45% of the inhabitants, and Amharic by 4.85%; the remaining 0.7% spoke all other primary languages reported. 96.28% of the population said they were Orthodox Christians, and 3.51% were Muslim. Concerning education in the Zone, 9.01% of the population were considered literate; 11.34% of children aged 7–12 were in primary school, while 0.65% of the children aged 13–14 were in junior secondary school, and 0.51% of children aged 15–18 were in senior secondary school. Concerning sanitary conditions, about 63% of the urban houses and 18% of all houses had access to safe drinking water at the time of the census; about 19% of the urban and 5% of the total had toilet facilities.[4]

According to a 24 May 2004 World Bank memorandum, 6% of the inhabitants of Mi'irabawi Zone have access to electricity, and this zone has a road density of 23.3 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers. Rural households have an average of 1 hectare of land (compared to the national average of 1.01 and a regional average of 0.51)[5] and an average 1.3 head of livestock. 19.9% of the population is in non-farm related jobs, compared to the national average of 25% and a regional average of 28%. Of all eligible children, 55% are enrolled in primary school, and 16% in secondary schools. 100% of the zone is exposed to malaria, and 0% to Tsetse fly. The memorandum gave this zone a drought risk rating of 533.[6]

History[]

In the early 1990s, the Tigrinya speaking parts of the Begemder province were placed in the Tigray Region, after a "Tigray People's Liberation Front-led alliance seized control" of Ethiopia.[7] The Begemder province was abolished and shared between the Amhara and Tigray regions. During the 2020–2021 Tigray War, the joint Ethiopian and Eritrean armies, as well as Amhara Region militia carried out attacks on Western Tigray[8] and de facto the Amhara Region took control of most parts of Western Tigray in November 2020.[7] On 17 March 2021, the Transitional Government of Tigray’s communication head, Ms. Etenesh Nigusse, told VOATigrigna that more than 700,000 Tigrayans have been forcibly removed by Amhara forces from Western Tigray.[9] During this occupation multiple atrocities were committed by the invading Eritrean and Amhara soldiers.[10]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Geohive: Ethiopia Archived 2012-08-05 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ "Inside Humera, a town scarred by Ethiopia's war". Reuters. 2020-11-23. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
  3. ^ Census 2007 Tables: Tigray Region Archived 2010-11-14 at the Wayback Machine, Tables 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.4.
  4. ^ The 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Tigray Region Archived 2008-11-19 at the Wayback Machine, vol. 1, part 1: Tables 2.1, 2.11, 2.19, 3.5, 3.7, 6.3, 6.11, 6.13
  5. ^ Comparative national and regional figures from the World Bank publication, Klaus Deininger et al. "Tenure Security and Land Related Investment", WP-2991 (accessed 23 March 2006).
  6. ^ World Bank, Four Ethiopias: A Regional Characterization (accessed 23 March 2006).
  7. ^ a b Gebre, Samuel (16 March 2021). "Ethiopia's Amhara Seize Disputed Territory Amid Tigray Conflict". BNN Bloomberg. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  8. ^ https://www.eepa.be//wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Situation-Report-EEPA-Horn-No.-30-19-December.docx.pdf
  9. ^ VOA Tigrigna, 17/3/2021 ቢሮ ኮሚኒኼሽን ክልል ትግራይ 700 ሽሕ ነበርቲ ካብ ም/ትግራይ ተመዛቢሎም ይብል መንግስቲ ክልል ኣምሓራ ግን ነዚ ይነጽግ
  10. ^ "At least 30 bodies float down river between Ethiopia's Tigray and Sudan". CNN. 4 August 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2021.

Coordinates: 13°45′N 37°00′E / 13.750°N 37.000°E / 13.750; 37.000

Retrieved from ""