Michael Crabtree

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Michael Crabtree
refer to caption
Crabtree with the San Francisco 49ers in 2012
No. 15
Position:Wide receiver
Personal information
Born: (1987-09-14) September 14, 1987 (age 34)
Dallas, Texas
Height:6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)
Weight:215 lb (98 kg)
Career information
High school:Dallas Carter (Dallas, Texas)
College:Texas Tech
NFL Draft:2009 / Round: 1 / Pick: 10
Career history
  • San Francisco 49ers (20092014)
  • Oakland Raiders (20152017)
  • Baltimore Ravens (2018)
  • Arizona Cardinals (2019)
Career highlights and awards
  • Biletnikoff Award (2007, 2008)
  • 2× Unanimous All-American (2007, 2008)
  • 2× First-team All-Big 12 (2007, 2008)
  • Big 12 Co-Offensive Freshman of the Year (2007)
Career NFL statistics
Receptions:637
Receiving yards:7,499
Receiving touchdowns:54
Player stats at NFL.com · PFR

Michael Alex Crabtree Jr. (born September 14, 1987) is a former American football wide receiver who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 11 seasons. He played college football at Texas Tech, where he was a two-time unanimous All-American, and was selected 10th overall by the San Francisco 49ers in the 2009 NFL Draft. Crabtree was a member of the 49ers for six seasons and spent the remainder of his career with the Oakland Raiders, Baltimore Ravens, and Arizona Cardinals.

Early years[]

Crabtree was born in Dallas, Texas. He attended David W. Carter High School in Dallas, where he played basketball and football and ran track for the Cowboys program. He played as a quarterback for the Carter Cowboys high school football team.[1] As a senior, he passed for 870 yards and eleven touchdowns on 45 completions out of 100 attempts. He also ran for 646 yards and nine touchdowns on 100 carries. He was a four-star football recruit as an athlete.[2][3]

Crabtree ranked among the top 51 recruits in the state of Texas going into college.[2] During a visit in 2004, Texas Tech basketball coach Bob Knight asked Crabtree which sport he was going to choose. Though the decision was not an easy one, he opted to play college football exclusively.[4]

Recruiting[]

Crabtree was offered football scholarships by Baylor, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas State, Oklahoma, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, and Kansas. He was also recruited by Texas, whose coaches wanted him to play defense. Crabtree refused, stating that he wanted to score touchdowns.[5]

US college sports recruiting information for high school athletes
Name Hometown High school / college Height Weight 40 Commit date
Michael Crabtree
ATH
Dallas, Texas Carter 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) 190 lb (86 kg) 4.51 Jul 8, 2004 
Recruiting star ratings: Scout:2/5 stars   Rivals:4/5 stars   247SportsN/A
Overall recruiting rankings: Scout: N/A   Rivals: Overall: 240th State: 22nd Position: 16th
  • ‡ Refers to 40 yard dash
  • Note: In many cases, Scout, Rivals, 247Sports, and ESPN may conflict in their listings of height, weight and 40 time.
  • In these cases, the average was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale.

Sources:

  • "2005 Team Ranking". Rivals.com.

College career[]

Crabtree accepted an athletic scholarship to attend Texas Tech University, where he played for coach Mike Leach and the Texas Tech Red Raiders football team from 2006 to 2008.[2]

Freshman season[]

Crabtree was redshirted his freshman season of 2006 because of a transcript glitch and a position change from quarterback to wide receiver.[6]

Crabtree breaks free on the "jailbreak" screen for Texas Tech in their win over Texas A&M in 2007

In 2007, Crabtree started his redshirt-freshman season against SMU. The Red Raiders won 49–9, and Crabtree stood out with 106 yards receiving on twelve receptions for three touchdowns.[7] The next week, in a 45–31 win over UTEP, Crabtree continued his performance with 15 receptions, 188 yards, and two touchdowns.[8] Against the Rice Owls, Crabtree put up 244 yards on eleven receptions for three touchdowns.[9] In Tech's first loss of the season, against Oklahoma State, he had 14 receptions for 237 yards and three touchdowns.[10] In a 75–7 win over Northwestern State, Crabtree had 145 yards on eight receptions for three touchdowns in only two and a half quarters of playing time.[11] In the contest against Iowa State, Crabtree had 10 receptions for 154 yards and three touchdowns.[12]

During the Iowa State game, Crabtree broke the season record for most touchdown receptions by a freshman receiver. The previous record of 14 was shared by Jabar Gaffney in 2000, Mike Williams in 2002, and Davone Bess in 2005.[13] In the October 13, 2007 game, Crabtree tacked on 170 more receiving yards on eight receptions but had no touchdowns in a 35–7 win over the Texas A&M Aggies.[14] This brought his total yardage to 1,244. In the next game, against Missouri, he again did not score but still added 76 more yards on ten catches.[12] In spite of having two consecutive games without a touchdown, CBS Sports still ranked Crabtree as the top freshman in the nation.[15]

During the game against Colorado, Crabtree made his 99th catch. This set three records simultaneously—most single-season receptions by a freshman in I-A, most single-season receptions by a Red Raider, and most single-season touchdowns by a Big 12 player (18). Crabtree finished his freshman season with 134 receptions, 1,962 yards, and 22 touchdowns.[16]

Sophomore season[]

Crabtree in action during the Texas Tech at Kansas game in 2008

Before the beginning of his sophomore season, CBS Sports listed Crabtree as a Heisman hopeful. Tech quarterback Graham Harrell's name also appeared on the list.[17] Crabtree, along with Harrell and head coach Mike Leach, were featured on the cover of the 2008 edition of Dave Campbell's Texas Football.[18] His name has also appeared on the Maxwell Award preseason watchlist along with Harrell.[19] To support the Heisman campaign of both Harrell and Crabtree, Texas Tech created a website called PassOrCatch2008.com, which is modelled after political campaigns. The site has garnered national attention and was awarded a Telly Award which honors the best in local, regional, and cable commercials and programs, as well as online videos, films, and commercials.[20][21] Crabtree finished fifth in the Heisman race behind Harrell at fourth.[22]

Crabtree began his sophomore campaign in the 49–24 win over Eastern Washington, recording 9 receptions for 73 yards and a touchdown in limited playing time.[23] In the following 35–19 win over Nevada, he totaled 7 receptions for 158 yards and an 82-yard touchdown catch.[24] Crabtree was selected as the AT&T ESPN All-America Player of the Week for following 43–7 win over Southern Methodist for totaling a season-high 164 yards and 3 touchdowns from 8 receptions.[25]

In the 56–14 win over Massachusetts, Crabtree recorded 62 yards and a touchdown off of 5 receptions in limited playing time.[26] In the following 58–28 win over Kansas State, he totaled 107 yards on 9 receptions for 2 touchdowns.[27] The Red Raiders then defeated Nebraska 37–31, in which he had 5 receptions for 89 yards and two touchdowns.[28] In the following 43–25 win over Texas A&M, he totaled 71 yards and two touchdowns from 8 receptions. He also compiled his first kickoff return of his career in the game, running the ball for 50 yards. On the return however, he tweaked his left ankle and hobbled off the field.[29]

Crabtree partially recovered from his ankle sprain enough to play at Kansas, where he amassed 70 yards and two touchdowns off of 9 receptions in a 63–21 Tech victory.[30] The Red Raiders then upset #1 Texas 39–33. Down 33–32, Tech drove down into the Longhorns' territory with 8 seconds left in the game. Quarterback Graham Harrell threw to Crabtree in double coverage inside the 10-yard line. Crabtree grabbed the pass, shook a defender on the sideline, and ran into the endzone for the game-winning touchdown with a second left in the game.[31] As the Red Raiders won, Crabtree finished with 127 yards and a touchdown off of 10 receptions. In Oklahoma State game, Crabtree recorded 89 yards and three touchdowns on eight catches. He extended his streak of at least five receptions and a touchdown catch to 13 games, placing him in a tie for second-longest all time.[32] In these three games, he hobbled off the field at times after making catches.[33] He used the bye week before the Oklahoma game to fully recover from the injury.[34] On December 2, 2008, Crabtree and teammate Graham Harrell were named as Walter Camp Award finalists.[35] Crabtree started the year with the expectation that he would compete for the Heisman trophy, and in the end he finished fifth in the Heisman voting, garnering 3 first place votes.[36]

On April 23, 2009, EA Sports announced that Crabtree would be featured on the cover of NCAA Football 10 for Xbox 360.[37] Cover athletes for the other editions of the game are Brian Johnson of the Utah Utes (PlayStation 3), Brian Orakpo of the Texas Longhorns (PlayStation 2), and Mark Sanchez of the USC Trojans (PlayStation Portable). The game was available in stores beginning July 14, 2009.[38][39]

NCAA records[]

After only two seasons at Texas Tech, Crabtree was able to achieve eight NCAA records. See also NCAA records held by individual Red Raiders

NCAA record Statistic
Most passes caught by two players same team, season[40] 243 (2007) with Danny Amendola
Most passes caught by a freshman, season[40] 134 (2007)
Most passes caught by a freshman, season per game[40] 10.3 (2007) (134 in 13 games)
Most yards gained by a freshman, season[40] 1,962 (2007)
Most yards gained by a freshman, season per game[40] 150.9 (2007)
Most games gaining 100 yards or more by a freshman, season[40] 11 (2007)
Most touchdown passes caught by a freshman[40] 22 (2007)
Most touchdown passes caught in freshman and sophomore seasons[40] 41 (2007 (22) & 2008 (19))

The NCAA Record book also mentions Michael Crabtree for the following items:[40]

  • Season Receptions: 134 (Rank 8th) 2007
  • Season Receptions per game: 10.31 (Rank 10th) 2007
  • Season Yards: 1,962 (Rank 3rd) 2007
  • Season Yards Per Game: 150.9 (Rank 5th) 2007
  • Season Touchdown Receptions: 22 (Rank 7th) 2007
  • Season Touchdown Receptions: 19 (Rank 15th) 2008
  • Career Receptions Per Game: 8.89 (Rank 5th)
  • Career Yards Per Game: 120.3 (Rank 5th)
  • Career Touchdown Receptions: 41 (Rank 10th)
  • Annual Champion Receptions per Game: 2007
  • Annual Champion Receiving Yards Per Game: 2007
  • Career Points Per Game: 9.46 (Rank 19th)

NCAA Records Reference (Last referenced for 2015 season) [40]

Recognition[]

Crabtree has received multiple honors due to his accomplishments at Texas Tech. In addition to being a two-time unanimous first-team All-American, he is a two-time Biletnikoff Award and Paul Warfield Award winner. He is one of only five Red Raiders in school history have earned unanimous All-American honors. The other four to receive the honor are: Mark Bounds in 1991, Zach Thomas in 1995, Byron Hanspard in 1996, and Jace Amaro in 2013.[41]

Recognition
Season Honor Status Notes
2007 All-Big 12 Selected for first team [42]
2007 AFCA Coaches' All-America Selected One of two wide receivers selected; first Freshman to earn the honor since Herschel Walker in 1980[43]
2007 AP All-America Selected for first team Garnered Unanimous All-America status by being selected for a fifth NCAA-recognized All-America team[44][45]
2007 AP Big 12 Offensive Newcomer of the Year Selected [46][47]
2007 AT&T ESPN All-America Player of the Year Winner First freshman to win the award[48]
2007 Biletnikoff Award Winner First freshman and first Big 12 player ever chosen for the honor[49]
2007 CBSSports.com All-America Selected to first team [50]
2007 CBSSports.com Freshman of the Year Selected Unanimous first place selection[51]
2007 ESPN All-America Selected [52]
2007 FWAA All-America Selected for team [53]
2007 Maxwell Award Chosen as a semifinalist Only freshman chosen as semifinalist in 2007[54][55]
2007 Paul Warfield Award Winner [50]
2007 Rivals.com National Freshman of the Year Selected [56]
2007 SI.com All-America Selected for first team [57]
2007 Sporting News All-America Selected for first team Garnered Consensus All-America status by being selected for a third NCAA-recognized All-America team[58]
2007 Sporting News Big 12 All-Freshman Team Selected [59]
2007 Touchdown Club of Columbus Freshman of the Year Selected [50]
2007 Walter Camp All-America Selected for first team [60]
2008 Playboy All-America Selected [61]
2008 Preseason All-Big 12 Selected for first team Only unanimous selection[62][63]
2008 All-Big 12 Selected for first team Only offensive unanimous selection[64]
2008 AFCA Coaches' All-America Selected One of three returnees from last year's list[65]
2008 Biletnikoff Award Winner First ever two-time winner[66]
2008 Walter Camp All-America Selected for first team [67]
2008 FWAA All-America Selected for team Garnered Consensus All-America status by being selected for a third NCAA-recognized All-America team[68]
2008 SI.com All-America Selected for first team [69]
2008 AP All-America Selected for first team [70]
2008 Sporting News All-America Selected for first team Garnered Unanimous All-America status by being selected for a fifth NCAA-recognized All-America team[71]
2008 Paul Warfield Award Winner [72]
2008 NCAA Football 10 cover athlete Xbox 360 release [38][39]

College statistics[]

Season Team GP Receiving
Rec Yards TD
2007 Texas Tech 13 134 1,962 22
2008 Texas Tech 13 97 1,165 19
College Totals[73] 26 231 3,127 41

Professional career[]

Pre-draft[]

Shortly before the deadline, Crabtree declared himself eligible for the 2009 NFL Draft, after discussions with his coach Mike Leach, and with representatives of the NFL who advised that "he would be a first-round pick".[74] At the press conference to announce his plans to enter the NFL Draft, Crabtree was accompanied by his Texas Tech Red Raider teammate Brandon Williams, who made a similar announcement. Williams had led the Big 12 Conference in sacks.[75] The San Francisco 49ers drafted Crabtree as the tenth overall pick in the 2009 NFL Draft. NFL Draft analyst Mel Kiper Jr. had projected Crabtree to be selected by the Seattle Seahawks as the fourth overall pick.[76]

On February 21, 2009, it was reported that Crabtree sustained a Jones fracture in his left foot, which would require surgery to insert a screw and would leave him unable to perform for the next six to ten weeks including the NFL Combine and Texas Tech's pro day.[77] Doctors found that the injury had happened recently, and possibly during his training for the combine.[78] However, Crabtree stated that the stress fracture had been there for a year and did not cause him pain.[79] On March 1, Crabtree stated he would have surgery and forgo the workout at Texas Tech's pro day on March 26.[80]

At the 2009 NFL Combine, Crabtree weighed 214 pounds; his height was reported at 6 ft 1 ⅜ in.[81] He later scored 15 on the Wonderlic Test.[82]

San Francisco 49ers[]

Crabtree was selected in the first round with the 10th overall pick by the San Francisco 49ers in the 2009 NFL Draft.[83] He was the highest drafted Texas Tech Red Raider since halfback Donny Anderson went seventh overall in the 1965 NFL Draft.[84] On July 28, 2009, Crabtree failed to report for training camp because he had no contract.[85][86][87] Crabtree's training camp no show was the first for a rookie since 2005.[88] Sources close to Crabtree indicated that he was prepared to sit out the 2009–2010 NFL season and re-enter the 2010 NFL Draft.[89] Crabtree's agent Eugene Parker stated that he denied threatening the 49ers with having Crabtree sit out the season and reenter the draft.[90] On August 30, 2009, Crabtree became the last holdout and unsigned draft pick from the 2009 NFL draft when Andre Smith, the 6th overall pick, signed with the Bengals.[91][92] That day was also the 32nd day of Crabtree's holdout,[91] and only 10 days short of the all-time long holdout for any 49ers rookie in the franchise's history.[88] Beat reporter Matt Maiocco had reported rumors that the signing could have happened around Labor Day, but that did not occur as the sides remained at a complete impasse.[91] Over Labor Day weekend Deion Sanders, an NFL reporter and Crabtree counselor,[93] stated on the NFL Total Access show that Crabtree was indeed willing to sit out the entire season.[93][94] Sanders also claimed that the rookie receiver was not in "dire need" of money at that time.[93] By September 9, 2009, Crabtree set a 49ers record by becoming the longest rookie holdout in franchise history.[95] The last first-round draft pick to hold out for an entire season was quarterback Kelly Stouffer in 1987 when he refused to sign with the Cardinals.[94][95] Stouffer was eventually traded in April 1988 to the Seahawks for three draft picks, including a first pick in the 1989 draft.[95] The 49ers would have had the option to trade the rights to Crabtree only after March 1, 2010, and up until the next draft. If a team were to trade for the rights, that team would not be able to sign such a player before the 2010 NFL Draft. If he was not signed by the 49ers and then traded to another team, his contract would have then counted against that team's 2010 rookie pool.[95][96]

2009 season[]

Crabtree on the sidelines on November 12, 2009

On September 21, 2009, the 49ers filed charges against the New York Jets for attempting to tamper with their negotiations with Crabtree. The 49ers may have believed the Jets contacted Crabtree's agent to let him know they'd be interested in trading for his rights, or in drafting him in 2010 with a better salary than the 49ers were offering.[97][98] The 49ers had until November 17 to sign Crabtree or he wouldn't have been allowed to play in the 2009 season along with its being considered a non-accrued season for contract purposes.

On October 7, 2009, ESPN reported that Crabtree and the 49ers had agreed to a six-year contract. ESPN's Adam Schefter reported the deal would be worth $32 million, with $17 million guaranteed, $8 million more than offered by the team in August 2009, but also a year longer. The contract can void to five years based on Pro Bowl and playing time triggers.[99]

On October 25, 2009, Crabtree made his first career NFL start against the Houston Texans catching 5 passes for 56 yards and playing more snaps[100] than any other 49ers receiver in the game.[101] On November 22, 2009, Crabtree caught his first touchdown on a 38-yard pass from quarterback Alex Smith, beating veteran All-Pro cornerback Al Harris on the play.[102] He caught his second touchdown pass, and his first touchdown at Candlestick Park, against the Arizona Cardinals in a Week 14 divisional match-up.[103] He led all rookie receivers in yards per game, with 56.8.[104]

2010 season[]

Crabtree at 49ers training camp in August 2010

In the season opener against the Seattle Seahawks, Crabtree caught 2 passes for 12 yards (a career low). It was the first time in his career that he did not record at least 3 receptions in a game. In the home opener on Monday Night Football against the New Orleans Saints he caught 1 pass (career low) for 32 yards. On October 10, 2010, Crabtree recorded his first career 100+-yard game. He caught 9 passes for 105 yards and also had a 7-yard touchdown.[105] He caught the go-ahead 32-yard touchdown against Oakland in week 6. It was the first time he caught a touchdown in consecutive games. In Week 16, against the St. Louis Rams, he recorded a career-high 60-yard touchdown reception in the second quarter of the 25–17 loss.[106] Overall, in the 2010 season, he finished with 55 receptions for 741 receiving yards and six receiving touchdowns.[107]

2011 season[]

Crabtree suffered a broken foot during player-only off-season workouts in 2011. He received surgery and missed the entire preseason. In the first game of the regular season against the Seahawks, he was still not fully recovered from his injury and sat out the second half of that game and the next game against the Dallas Cowboys. Crabtree caught his first touchdown of the season in a 20–10 win against the Cleveland Browns. His second touchdown reception occurred in a home game against the St. Louis Rams on a 52-yard pass from Alex Smith.[108] In the final game of the regular season in St. Louis, Crabtree recorded the first multi-touchdown game of his NFL career with two touchdown receptions, one of which came from kicker David Akers on a fake field goal.[109] Crabtree finished the season with a career-high in both receptions (72) and receiving yards (874). In the playoffs, Crabtree caught a 5-yard touchdown pass in the divisional round against the New Orleans Saints to give the 49ers an early 14–0 lead.[110] However, in the Saints game and NFC Championship game against the New York Giants, he totaled only five receptions for 28 yards.

2012 season[]

In 2012, Crabtree posted his first season with greater than 1,000 receiving yards as he continued to develop as a player and grow into his role as the number-one target in the 49ers' passing game. Following Colin Kaepernick's ascension to the starting quarterback position, Crabtree became a greater focal point of the offense, as Kaepernick's ability enabled more down-field passing. Crabtree began to put up better numbers with Kaepernick at the helm. Late in the season, Crabtree showed dominance with 107 yards and two touchdowns against the New England Patriots and a career-high 172 yards and two touchdowns against the Arizona Cardinals.[111][112][113][114] Crabtree finished with career highs in targets, receptions, yards and touchdowns. In the post-season, Crabtree had 9 catches for 119 yards and 2 touchdowns in a 49ers victory over the Green Bay Packers, as well as 6 receptions for 57 yards in the NFC Championship win over the Atlanta Falcons.[115][116] Crabtree had 5 receptions for 109 yards including a touchdown in the Super Bowl XLVII loss to the Baltimore Ravens by a score of 34–31.[117][118]

2013 season[]

On May 22, 2013, Crabtree underwent surgery to repair a torn Achilles tendon. The surgery required a minimum of six months to recover. On August 27, 2013, the 49ers placed Crabtree on the reserve/physically unable to perform list. He was most likely to return to the field in mid-November 2013.[119] On November 25, 2013, rumors circulated online that he would be activated since November 26 would be the deadline for the team to activate him or face benching him for the rest of the season. On November 26, 2013, the 49ers activated him and waived a backup quarterback to make room for him on the 53-man roster.[120] Crabtree played his first game of the 2013 season on December 1, 2013, in Week 13 against the St. Louis Rams making 2 receptions for 68 yards and the 49ers won the game 23–13. Crabtree caught his first and only touchdown of the season against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. On January 19, 2014, an under-thrown pass to Crabtree from Kaepernick (into double coverage) in the final seconds of the NFC Championship against the Seahawks was tipped by Richard Sherman and intercepted by Malcolm Smith as the 49ers lost, 23–17.[121][122]

2014 season[]

In Week 3 of the 2014 season, in a 23–14 loss to the Arizona Cardinals, Crabtree recorded a career-high ten receptions, which went for 80 yards and a touchdown.[123][124]

Crabtree finished his 49ers career with 347 catches for 4,327 yards and 26 receiving touchdowns.[125]

Oakland Raiders[]

On April 13, 2015, after becoming a free agent, Crabtree signed a one-year, $3.2 million contract with the Oakland Raiders. The contract also included $1.8 million in incentives.[126]

2015 season[]

Crabtree began the 2015 season making 5 receptions for 46 yards in the season opener against the Cincinnati Bengals. In his second game as a Raider, Crabtree caught 9 receptions for 111 yards and a touchdown.[127] In a Week 9 matchup against the Pittsburgh Steelers, Crabtreee caught 7 receptions for 108 yards and 2 touchdowns.[128][129] On December 9, 2015, Crabtree agreed to a 4-year, $35 million extension.[130] Crabtree finished the 2015 season with 85 receptions for 922 receiving yards and nine receiving touchdowns.[131]

2016 season[]

In the 2016 season, Crabtree had his second career 1,000-yard season and his first since 2012. In the season opener against the New Orleans Saints, he scored the Raiders' go-ahead two-point conversion on a pass from Derek Carr late in the fourth quarter of the 35–34 victory.[132] In Week 4, against the Baltimore Ravens, Crabtree had seven receptions for 88 yards and a career-high three receiving touchdowns in the 28–27 victory.[133] Crabtree finished the 2016 season with a career-high 89 receptions for 1,003 yards and eight touchdowns.[134]

2017 season[]

Crabtree in 2017

In Week 2, against the New York Jets, Crabtree had six receptions for 80 yards and a career-high tying three touchdowns in the 45–20 victory.[135][136] During Week 7 against the Kansas City Chiefs, Crabtree had three catches for 24 yards and caught the game-winning touchdown from Derek Carr as time expired. During a Week 12 21–14 victory against the Denver Broncos, Crabtree got into a fight with cornerback Aqib Talib, resulting in both players being ejected.[137][138] The next day, both combatants were suspended for two games.[139] However, the suspension was reduced to one game following a joint appeal.[140] Crabtree finished the 2017 season with 58 receptions for 618 yards and six touchdowns.[141]

On March 15, 2018, Crabtree was released by the Raiders after spending three seasons with the team after the team signed Jordy Nelson.[142] Crabtree finished his Raiders career with 232 catches for 2,543 yards and 25 receiving touchdowns.[143]

Baltimore Ravens[]

On March 16, 2018, Crabtree signed a three-year, $21 million contract with the Baltimore Ravens, with $11 million guaranteed.[144]

Crabtree was part of a Ravens' receiving unit that included Willie Snead IV and John Brown.[145] In his Ravens debut, Crabtree caught three receptions for 38 yards and a touchdown in a 47–3 victory over the Buffalo Bills.[146] In Week 6, against the Tennessee Titans, he had six receptions for 93 yards and his second receiving touchdown of the season in the 21–0 victory.[147] Crabtree finished the regular season with 54 receptions for 607 yards and three touchdowns. In the Wild Card round against the Los Angeles Chargers, Crabtree had two catches for 38 yards, both for touchdowns, as the Ravens lost 23–17.

On February 25, 2019, Crabtree was released by the Ravens.[148]

Arizona Cardinals[]

On August 21, 2019, Crabtree signed a one-year contract with the Arizona Cardinals.[149] He was released on September 23, 2019.[150]

NFL career statistics[]

Regular season statistics
Year Team Games Receiving Rushing Fumbles
GP GS Rec Yds Avg Lng TD Att Yds Avg Lng TD Fum Lost
2009 SF 11 11 48 625 13.0 50 2 1 1
2010 SF 16 15 55 741 13.5 60T 6 0 0
2011 SF 15 14 72 874 12.1 52T 4 1 6 6.0 0 0 0 0
2012 SF 16 16 85 1,105 13.0 49T 9 1 8 8.0 0 0 0 0
2013 SF 5 5 19 284 14.9 60 1 0 0
2014 SF 16 16 68 698 10.3 51 4 1 4 4.0 0 0 0 0
2015 OAK 16 15 85 922 10.8 38T 9 1 0
2016 OAK 16 16 89 1,003 12.1 56 8 2 0
2017 OAK 14 14 58 618 10.7 41 8 1 0
2018 BAL 16 16 54 607 11.2 27 3 0 0
2019 ARI 2 0 4 22 5.5 9 0 0 0
Career 143 138 637 7,499 11.8 60T 54 3 18 6.0 0 0 6 1
Postseason statistics
Year Team Games Receiving Rushing Fumbles
GP GS Rec Yds Avg Lng TD Att Yds Avg Lng TD Fum Lost
2011 SF 2 2 5 28 5.6 9 1 0 0
2012 SF 3 3 20 285 14.3 33 3 1 0
2013 SF 3 2 15 203 13.5 31 0 1 0
2016 OAK 1 1 2 33 16.5 19 0 0 0
2018 BAL 1 1 2 38 19.0 31T 2 0 0
Career 10 9 44 587 13.3 33 6 0 0 0.0 0 0 2 0

Endorsements[]

In 2012, Crabtree partnered with Ubisoft, makers of the video game, The Hip Hop Dance Experience, to create a touchdown celebration dance inspired by the video game. Each time Crabtree performed his signature dance move "The Crab Shake" on the field, Ubisoft made a charitable donation to the Boys & Girls Club of San Francisco.[151]

Crabtree teamed up with Subway restaurants in 2009 in his first national endorsement. The deal involves a variety of endeavors including personal appearances and behind-the-scenes webisodes which debuted the week of the 2009 NFL Draft.[152] His other contracts includes EA Sports, Jordan Brand, three trading card companies, and MogoTXT.[153]

Personal life[]

Texas Tech University honored Crabtree by incorporating a large mural of Crabtree as part of a $51.1 million expansion to the Jones AT&T Stadium. The mural is located on the east side of the stadium inside the concession area. Crabtree's image is also displayed prominently in the football training facility.[154]

On September 18, 2021, Crabtree was inducted into the Texas Tech Football Ring of Honor.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "The file on Michael Crabtree". NBCS Bay Area. March 10, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  2. ^ a b c "Player Bio: Michael Crabtree". Texas Tech Football. Archived from the original on March 2, 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2007.
  3. ^ "Tech's Crabtree quick to catch on". WFAA-TV. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved October 12, 2007.
  4. ^ Evans, Thayer (October 13, 2007). "70 Receptions, 17 Touchdowns and 2 Sports". The New York Times. Retrieved October 14, 2007.
  5. ^ "UP, UP, UP... TOMORROW'S NEXT: Michael Crabtree". Archived from the original on December 8, 2008.
  6. ^ Elizabeth Merrill. "The saga of the Crabtree holdout". ESPN. Archived from the original on September 28, 2009. Retrieved September 24, 2009.
  7. ^ Wilonsky, Robert (September 4, 2007). "Guns Up 49, Pony Up 9". Dallas Observer. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  8. ^ "Texas Tech storms past UTEP 45–31". Houston Chronicle. September 9, 2007. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  9. ^ "Rice Falls 59–24 to Texas Tech". Rice Owls Athletics. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  10. ^ "Big 12 meeting pits top Texas Tech, OSU receivers". Houston Chronicle. November 7, 2008. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  11. ^ "Texas Tech routs Northwestern State 75–7". Houston Chronicle. September 29, 2007. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  12. ^ a b "#5 Michael Crabtree". ESPN. Retrieved October 12, 2007.
  13. ^ "Crabtree breaks NCAA freshman mark". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on October 15, 2007. Retrieved October 12, 2007.
  14. ^ "Aggies fall to Texas Tech 35–7". Gigem247. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  15. ^ "Freshman Watch". CBS Sports. Archived from the original on October 22, 2007. Retrieved October 24, 2007.
  16. ^ "College Football Power Rankings: 26–119". Sports Illustrated. October 30, 2007. Retrieved November 14, 2007.
  17. ^ "Heisman Hopefuls". CBS Sports. Retrieved April 10, 2008.
  18. ^ "Campbell picks Cove to win District 12-5A". Killeen Daily Herald. June 17, 2008. Archived from the original on January 10, 2009. Retrieved June 20, 2008.
  19. ^ "Harrell, Crabtree on Maxwell Watch List". Texas Tech Athletics. Archived from the original on July 1, 2008. Retrieved July 1, 2008.
  20. ^ Williams, Don (October 8, 2008). "Tech site gets national attention". Lubbock Avalanche-Journal. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2008.
  21. ^ Post, Sally Logue (May 14, 2009). "Texas Tech Athletics Media Relations Office Heisman Campaign Wins National Award". Texas Tech University News. Retrieved May 14, 2009.
  22. ^ Thamel, Pete (December 13, 2008). "A Few Heisman Nuggets". The New York Times. Retrieved December 14, 2008.
  23. ^ Ybarra, Alex. "Tech breaks record for most penalties in a game in 49–24 win against EWU Saturday". The Daily Toreador. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  24. ^ "COL FB: Texas Tech 35, Nevada 19". UPI. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  25. ^ "TTU/SMU – Postgame Notes". Texas Tech Athletics. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  26. ^ "Texas Tech routs UMass 56–14". InsideTheRedRaiders.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  27. ^ "Texas Tech Connection Is Both Unlikely and Prolific". New York Times. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  28. ^ "No. 7 Texas Tech squeaks by Nebraska 37–31 in OT". The Denver Post. October 11, 2008. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  29. ^ Duncan, Chris (October 18, 2008). "Harrell has 5 TDs in Texas Tech's win over A&M". Associated Press. Retrieved November 10, 2008.[dead link]
  30. ^ Rains, B.J. "Kansas crumbles under Texas Tech's offensive onslaught". The University Daily Kansan. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  31. ^ "Texas vs. Texas Tech – Game Recap – November 1, 2008 – ESPN". ESPN.com.
  32. ^ "Oklahoma State vs. Texas Tech – Game Recap – November 8, 2008 – ESPN". ESPN.com.
  33. ^ George, Brandon (November 8, 2008). "Sprained ankle hasn't slowed Tech's Crabtree". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved November 10, 2008.
  34. ^ George, Brandon (November 10, 2008). "Texas Tech's Crabtree happy off week finally here". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved November 10, 2008.
  35. ^ "Florida's Tebow, Charlie Strong finalists for national awards". St. Petersburg Times. December 2, 2008. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved December 2, 2008.
  36. ^ "Oklahoma quarterback Bradford wins Heisman". ESPN.com. December 14, 2008. Retrieved December 15, 2008.
  37. ^ Robinson, Jon (April 23, 2009). "'NCAA Football 10': 360 goes to Crabtree". ESPN. Archived from the original on April 28, 2009. Retrieved April 23, 2009.
  38. ^ a b Allen, Kevin (July 23, 2009). "EA Sports announces four NCAA Football 10 cover athletes". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on April 27, 2009. Retrieved April 23, 2009.
  39. ^ a b "EA Announces Four NCAA Football 10 Cover Athletes". Business Wire. April 23, 2009. Retrieved April 23, 2009.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "2015 Football Records Book (FBS)" (PDF). NCAA. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  41. ^ "Three repeat as AP All-Americans". Associated Press. December 17, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2013.
  42. ^ "North Division leads way on All-Big 12 team". Archived from the original on November 30, 2007. Retrieved December 7, 2007.
  43. ^ "2007 AFCA Coaches' All-America Team" (Press release). American Football Coaches Association. November 29, 2007. Archived from the original on May 24, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2007.
  44. ^ "Tebow, McFadden, Smith on AP All-American first team". Retrieved December 11, 2007.
  45. ^ "AP All-American team announced". CNN. Archived from the original on December 13, 2007. Retrieved December 11, 2007.
  46. ^ "Daniel unanimous pick as AP Big 12 Offensive Player of Year". Retrieved November 28, 2007.
  47. ^ "2007 All-Big 12 Football Awards Announced" (Press release). Big 12 Sports. November 27, 2007. Archived from the original on July 29, 2007. Retrieved November 27, 2007.
  48. ^ "College Football Fans Select Texas Tech Freshman Wide Receiver Michael Crabtree as the AT&T All-America Player of the Year". Archived from the original on December 1, 2008. Retrieved January 8, 2008.
  49. ^ Williams, Don (December 7, 2007). "Crabtree wins Biletnikoff, wants Heisman next". Lubbock Avalanche-Journal. Retrieved December 6, 2016.
  50. ^ a b c "Crabtree picks up more honors". Lubbock Avalanche-Journal. Archived from the original on October 14, 2008. Retrieved December 10, 2007.
  51. ^ "Freshman Watch: CBSSports.com Freshman of the Year". Archived from the original on December 8, 2007. Retrieved December 7, 2007.
  52. ^ "All-America: Offense (Slide show format)". Retrieved December 18, 2007.
  53. ^ "FWAA NAMES 2007 ALL-AMERICA TEAM". Retrieved December 8, 2007.
  54. ^ "Crabtree Added to Maxwell List". Texas Tech Football. Archived from the original on November 2, 2007. Retrieved October 12, 2007.
  55. ^ "Crabtree Named Maxwell Semifinalist". CSTV. Archived from the original on January 21, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  56. ^ "Crabtree leads scary list of young talent". Retrieved November 27, 2007.
  57. ^ "SI.com's All-Americas". CNN. December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 11, 2007.
  58. ^ "Crabtree Gains Consensus All-America Status". Archived from the original on December 14, 2007. Retrieved December 7, 2007.
  59. ^ "2007 Sporting News Big 12 All-Freshman Team". Archived from the original on December 20, 2007. Retrieved December 15, 2007.
  60. ^ "Area standouts named to Walter Camp All-American team". Archived from the original on December 8, 2007. Retrieved December 6, 2007.
  61. ^ "Playboy All America Team 2008" (Press release). Playboy. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2008.
  62. ^ "Texas Tech Trio Named to big 12 Preseason Squad". Texas Tech Athletics. Retrieved July 17, 2008.
  63. ^ "Preseason All-Big 12 football team". Kansas City Star. Retrieved July 17, 2008.[dead link]
  64. ^ "2008 All-Big 12 Football Awards Announced". Big 12 Conference. December 2, 2008. Retrieved December 2, 2008.
  65. ^ "Texas Tech's Harrell Headlines 2008 AFCA Coaches' All-American Team". American Football Coaches Association. December 4, 2008. Archived from the original on December 7, 2008. Retrieved December 4, 2008.
  66. ^ Williams, Don (December 11, 2008). "Crabtree wins another Biletnikoff; Reed named all-American". Lubbock Avalanche-Journal. Archived from the original on January 9, 2009. Retrieved December 11, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  67. ^ "2008 Walter Camp All-American Team Announced". Archived from the original on December 14, 2008. Retrieved December 15, 2008.
  68. ^ "Michael Crabtree leads the 2008 FWAA All-America Team". Retrieved December 15, 2008.
  69. ^ "SI.com's 2008 All-Americans". CNN. December 16, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  70. ^ "3-time All-America Laurinaitis heads AP team". Archived from the original on December 20, 2008. Retrieved December 16, 2008.
  71. ^ "Sporting News' college football All-American First Team". Archived from the original on December 21, 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2008.
  72. ^ George, Brandon (December 18, 2008). "Texas Tech's Leach, Crabtree earn Ohio TD Club honors". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
  73. ^ "Michael Crabtree College Stats - College Football at Sports-Reference.com". College Football at Sports-Reference.com.
  74. ^ "Sources: WR Crabtree to enter draft". ESPN. January 9, 2009. Retrieved January 9, 2009.
  75. ^ "WR Crabtree Decides to Go Pro" in Times-Picayune (New Orleans), 2009 January 14, p. D2.
  76. ^ "Mel Kiper's 2009 NFL mock draft". ESPN. January 22, 2009. Retrieved January 22, 2009.
  77. ^ Clayton, John (February 21, 2009). "Source: Crabtree shelved 6–10 weeks". ESPN. Retrieved February 21, 2009.
  78. ^ "WR prospect Crabtree has stress fracture in foot". Archived from the original on February 24, 2009.
  79. ^ Gosselin, Rick (February 21, 2009). "Texas Tech-ex Crabtree upset with report about foot injury". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  80. ^ "Crabtree to have surgery March 4". ESPN. March 1, 2009. Retrieved March 1, 2009.
  81. ^ Schefter, Adam (February 21, 2009). "WR prospect Crabtree has stress fracture in foot". NFL.com. Archived from the original on February 24, 2009. Retrieved February 21, 2009.
  82. ^ "Georgia's Matthew Stafford stands out with NFL Wonderlic score". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on May 1, 2009.
  83. ^ Williams, Don (April 25, 2009). "Crabtree goes 10th overall to 49ers". Lubbock Avalanche-Journal. Retrieved April 25, 2009.
  84. ^ "Texas Tech Players/Alumni". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  85. ^ "San Francisco 49ers Football Team Report". Fox Sports. Archived from the original on August 9, 2009. Retrieved August 4, 2009.
  86. ^ "Draft Signings Slow as Agents Monitor Crabtree Negotiations". Washington Post. July 30, 2009. Retrieved August 4, 2009.
  87. ^ Matt Maiocco. "Crabtree update – no update". Press Democrat. Archived from the original on August 3, 2009. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
  88. ^ a b Matt Maiocco. "Myth: Rookie contract issues are new to NFL". Press Democrat. Archived from the original on August 2, 2009. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
  89. ^ Joe Schad. "Adviser: Crabtree could re-enter draft". ESPN. Retrieved August 6, 2009.
  90. ^ Mike Sando. "Crabtree's agent goes on record; no threats made". ESPN. Archived from the original on August 9, 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  91. ^ a b c Matt Maiocco. "One draft pick remains unsigned". Press Democrat. Archived from the original on October 26, 2009. Retrieved August 30, 2009.
  92. ^ "Bengals sign first-round pick Smith, ending lengthy holdout". associated press. Retrieved August 30, 2009.
  93. ^ a b c Matt Barrows. "Deion Sanders: Crabtree willing to sit out season". Sacramento Bee. Archived from the original on September 8, 2009. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  94. ^ a b Jason Cole. "Sources: Crabtree no closer to ending holdout". Yahoo. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  95. ^ a b c d Matt Maiocco. "Niners could salvage something with springtime trade". Press Democrat. Archived from the original on September 12, 2009. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  96. ^ Jason La Canfora. "The lengthy holdout of 49ers top pick Crabtree defies all logic". NFL. Archived from the original on September 5, 2009. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
  97. ^ Myers, Gary, and Rich Cimini. Jets accused of tampering with 49ers' first-round pick Michael Crabtree, New York Daily News. Published September 21, 2009. Retrieved September 21, 2009.
  98. ^ 49ers accuse Jets of tampering with Michael Crabtree, USA Today. Published September 21, 2009. Retrieved September 21, 2009.
  99. ^ "Holdout Crabtree, 49ers agree to contract". ESPN.com. October 7, 2009.
  100. ^ Matt Maiocco. "Smiths rally falls short; Singletary undecided on qb". Press Democrat. Archived from the original on October 27, 2009. Retrieved October 25, 2009.
  101. ^ Crumpacker, John (October 20, 2009). "Crabtree accelerates on his learning curve". The San Francisco Chronicle.
  102. ^ "Crabtree, Smith can't save 49ers in second half". The Mercury News. October 25, 2009. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  103. ^ "49ers defeat Cardinals 24–9". The Mercury News. December 14, 2009. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  104. ^ "2009 Rookie Receiving Yards Per Game". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  105. ^ "Racking Up Receiving Yards". Philly.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  106. ^ "San Francisco 49ers at St. Louis Rams – December 26th, 2010". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  107. ^ "Michael Crabtree 2010 Game Log". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  108. ^ "Futile Rams fall to Niners 26–0". STLToday. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  109. ^ "49ers' trick play against Rams still legal". ESPN.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  110. ^ "Saints fall to 49ers 36–32 in NFC Divisional Playoffs – News, Weather, Sports, Toledo, OH". WTOL. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  111. ^ "Sunday night thriller; Pats take 49ers to final play". WCVB. December 17, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  112. ^ "San Francisco 49ers receiver Michael Crabtree dominates Arizona Cardinals". The Mercury News. December 30, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  113. ^ "San Francisco 49ers at New England Patriots – December 16th, 2012". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  114. ^ "Arizona Cardinals at San Francisco 49ers – December 30th, 2012". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  115. ^ "Crabtree comes up huge in playoffs". CBSSports.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  116. ^ "Crabtree credits Kaepernick's trust in him for last season's success – 49ers Hot Read". The Mercury News. March 26, 2013. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  117. ^ "Super Bowl XLVII – San Francisco 49ers vs. Baltimore Ravens – February 3rd, 2013". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 1, 2017.
  118. ^ Mayer, Jacob. "Baltimore Ravens Beat San Francisco 49ers in the Super Bowl, 34–31". WWNO. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  119. ^ Brinson, Will (August 27, 2013). "2013 NFL Roster Cuts: Tracking teams down to 75 Tuesday". CBSSports.com. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
  120. ^ "2013 49ers reactivate Michael Crabtree". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  121. ^ "NFC Championship – San Francisco 49ers at Seattle Seahawks – January 19th, 2014". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
  122. ^ "Richard Sherman calls out Michael Crabtree in all-time postgame interview". SI.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  123. ^ "San Francisco 49ers at Arizona Cardinals – September 21st, 2014". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  124. ^ "Cardinals Beat Niners 23–14". Heat Waved. September 21, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  125. ^ "San Francisco 49ers Career Receiving Leaders". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
  126. ^ "Michael Crabtree to Raiders". ESPN.com. April 13, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
  127. ^ "Michael Crabtree crosses the bay, catches on". UPI. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  128. ^ Graves, Will. "Late rally not enough as Raiders fall to Steelers 38–35". sandiegouniontribune.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  129. ^ "NFL Player Profile:Michael Crabtree".
  130. ^ "Michael Crabtree extension is a good sign for improving Oakland Raiders".
  131. ^ "Michael Crabtree 2015 Game Log". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  132. ^ "Raiders use two-point conversion in final minute to beat Saints". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  133. ^ "Raiders' Michael Crabtree: Three touchdowns leads to victory". CBSSports.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  134. ^ "Michael Crabtree 2016 Game Log". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
  135. ^ Bair, Scott (September 17, 2017). "'No secret' why Crabtree caught three touchdowns in Raiders' win over Jets". NBCS Bay Area. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  136. ^ "New York Jets at Oakland Raiders – September 17th, 2017". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved October 28, 2017.
  137. ^ "Aqib Talib, Michael Crabtree ejected following skirmish". NFL. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
  138. ^ Hanzus, Dan. "Crabtree's gold chain most ridiculous story of '17". NFL. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  139. ^ "Aqib Talib and Michael Crabtree suspended two games for fight". NFL. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  140. ^ Bergman, Jeremy. "Talib, Crabtree have suspensions reduced to one game". NFL. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  141. ^ "Michael Crabtree 2017 Game Log". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  142. ^ Wesseling, Chris (March 15, 2018). "Raiders release wide receiver Michael Crabtree". NFL.
  143. ^ "Michael Crabtree Raiders Stats 2015–2017". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  144. ^ Sessler, Marc (March 16, 2018). "Ravens sign WR Michael Crabtree to three-year deal". NFL.com.
  145. ^ "2018 Baltimore Ravens Statistics & Players". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
  146. ^ Shaffer, Jonas. "Led by Joe Flacco, defense, Ravens demolish Bills, 47–3, in soggy season opener". baltimoresun.com. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
  147. ^ "Michael Crabtree Working To Show He's Ravens Top Receiver". m.baltimoretimes-online.com. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
  148. ^ Teope, Herbie (February 25, 2019). "Ravens release Michael Crabtree after one season". NFL.com.
  149. ^ Urban, Darren (August 21, 2019). "Cardinals Bolster Receiving Corps By Adding Michael Crabtree". azcardinals.com. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  150. ^ "Cardinals Release WR Michael Crabtree". www.azcardinals.com. Retrieved March 3, 2020.
  151. ^ "Michael Crabtree talks Crab Shake, 49ers".
  152. ^ "Subway FreshBuzz". Archived from the original on April 19, 2009. Retrieved May 7, 2009.
  153. ^ Matt Barrows. "No cash flow problem for Crabtree". Sacramento Bee. Archived from the original on September 8, 2009. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
  154. ^ "Protected Blog › Log in". essaysfromtexas.wordpress.com. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""