Monument to the Independence of Brazil
Monument to the Independence of Brazil | |
---|---|
Native name Portuguese: Monumento à Independência do Brasil | |
Location | São Paulo, Brazil |
Coordinates | 23°34′49″S 46°36′36″W / 23.58028°S 46.61000°WCoordinates: 23°34′49″S 46°36′36″W / 23.58028°S 46.61000°W |
Established | 1952 |
Founded | 1922 |
Built | 1884 | –1926
Architect | Manfredo Manfredi |
Sculptor | Ettore Ximenes |
Governing body | City of São Paulo |
The Monument to the Independence of Brazil (Portuguese: Monumento à Independência do Brasil) is granite and bronze sculpture in São Paulo, Brazil. It is also known as the Ipiranga Monument (Portuguese: Monumento do Ipiranga) or the Altar of the Fatherland (Portuguese: Altar da Pátria). The monument is located on the banks of the Ipiranga Brook in São Paulo, on the historic site where the later Emperor Pedro I of Brazil proclaimed the independence of the country on September 7, 1822.[1][2]
The monument was designed and built by Italian sculptor Ettore Ximenes (1855–1926) and Italian architect Manfredo Manfredi (1859–1927) to celebrate the first centenary of the Brazilian Independence.
The Crypt[]
An Imperial Crypt and Chapel is located inside the monument. The crypt was built in 1972 to house the remains of Emperor Pedro I of Brazil, also King Pedro IV of Portugal, and his wives, Maria Leopoldina of Austria and Amélie of Leuchtenberg. The crypt is consecrated as a Catholic chapel, as demanded by the then head of the Brazilian Imperial Family, Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza. He agreed to allow the transfer of the bodies of his ancestors to the Monument on the condition that the place be consecrated as a Catholic place of burial, with a Catholic altar, where Masses could be offered for the repose of their souls. Pedro I and Amélie of Leuchtenberg's bodies were transferred from the Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza in Lisbon; while Maria Leopoldina was moved from the Imperial Mausoleum of St Anthony's Convent in Rio de Janeiro.[3][1][2]
Gallery[]
Sculpture representing the participants of the Minas Gerais Conspiracy of 1789
Sculpture representing the revolutionaries of the Pernambucan revolt of 1817
The eternal flame
Tomb of Pedro I
References[]
- ^ a b Moraes, Fábio Rodrigo de (2008). "Uma coleção de história em um museu de ciências naturais: o Museu Paulista de Hermann von Ihering". Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material. 16 (1): 203–233. doi:10.1590/S0101-47142008000100006. ISSN 0101-4714.
- ^ a b Oriá, Ricardo (2015). "Construindo o Panteão dos Heróis Nacionais: monumentos à República, rituais cívicos e o ensino de História". Revista História Hoje. 3 (6): 49–50. doi:10.20949/rhhj.v3i6.137. ISSN 1806-3993.
- ^ "Monumento à Independência do Brasil foi restaurado". Gazeta da Mooca (in Portuguese). Sao Paulo, Brazil. 2016-11-16. Retrieved 2017-11-13.
External links[]
- Monument to the Independence of Brazil at the São Paulo City Museum Website (in Portuguese)
- Media related to Monumento à Independência at Wikimedia Commons
- Monuments and memorials in São Paulo
- Mausoleums in Brazil
- Public art in Brazil
- Buildings and structures completed in 1922
- 1922 establishments in Brazil