Mythimna ferrago

Clay
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Noctuoidea
Family:	Noctuidae
Genus:	Mythimna
Species:	M. ferrago
Binomial name
	Mythimna ferrago; (Fabricius, 1787)
Synonyms
	Aletia ferrago

Mythimna ferrago, the clay, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1787. It is distributed throughout Europe^[1] and is also found in Morocco, Algeria, Turkey, Asia Minor, Armenia, Syria, Turkestan, Israel, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Central Asia and the western parts of temperate North Asia. Also Tibet.

The forewings of this species vary from buffish to orangey brown, usually with a darker central line running longways down the wing, interrupted by a pale stigma.^[2] There are usually a few small dark spots in the basal area. The hindwings are dark grey with paler margins. The male is easily recognizable by a triangular area of black hair on the underside of the abdomen. The wingspan is 36–44 mm. This moth flies at night in July and August^[1] and is attracted to light and sugar.

Technical description and variation[]

The wingspan is 36–44 mm. Forewing pale greyish rufous, speckled with dark; lines indistinct, dark grey; the outer regularly lunulate-dentate, the teeth marked by black dashes on veins; reniform stigma obscure, ending in a cloudy pale spot at lower end of cell; hindwing greyish ochreous; ventral tufts black. The species varies in coloration: ferrago F. is the reddest form: - grisea Haw, is grey without any rufous admixture, with the markings generally clearer; fulvescens Tutt is rare, with fulvous in the place of red; — ab. marginata Tutt has silvery grey hindwings with broad dark border.^[3]

3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d larvae after final moult

Biology[]

M.ferrago is found in almost all grassy habitats from dry-warm grassy slopes to cool-moist meadows near bogs and waterside areas. It also occurs on forest paths, clearings and snails in forests as well as in villages and cultivated land. In the Alps it rises to 1700 meters The larva are brownish yellow with a white dorsal line; lateral lines broad, whiter, containing the black spiracles. It feeds on various grasses including Deschampsia.^[4] The species overwinters as a small larva.

^ The flight season refers to the British Isles. This may vary in other parts of the range.

References[]

^ Chinery, Michael (1986, reprinted 1991). Collins Guide to the Insects of Britain and Western Europe.
^ Skinner, Bernard (1984). The Colour Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles.
^ Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914
^ Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010). "Search the database - introduction and help". HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London.

External links[]

Kimber, Ian. "73.298 BF2193 The Clay Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787)". UKMoths. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
Savela, Markku. "Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 3, 2019. Taxonomy
Lepiforum e.V.

[1] Chinery, Michael (1986, reprinted 1991). Collins Guide to the Insects of Britain and Western Europe.

[2] Skinner, Bernard (1984). The Colour Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles.

[3] Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914

[4] Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010). "Search the database - introduction and help". HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London.

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