Nevus of Ota

Classification	D ICD-10: D22.3 (ILDS D22.301); MeSH: D009507; DiseasesDB: 32588;
External resources	eMedicine: DERM/290;

Nevus of Ota
Nevus of Ota
Other names	Congenital melanosis bulbi, nevus fuscoceruleus ophthalmomaxillaris, oculodermal melanocytosis, oculomucodermal melanocytosis
Specialty	Oncology

Nevus of Ota is a hyperpigmentation^[3] that occurs on the face, most often appearing on the white of the eye. It also occurs on the forehead, nose, cheek, periorbital region, and temple.^[4]

It was first reported by Masao Ōta of Japan in 1939.^[5]

Cause[]

Nevus of Ota is caused by the entrapment of melanocytes in the upper third of the dermis. It is found only on the face, most commonly unilaterally, rarely bilaterally and involves the first two branches of the trigeminal nerve. The sclera is involved in two-thirds of cases (causing an increased risk of glaucoma). It should not be confused with Mongolian spot, which is a birthmark caused by entrapment of melanocytes in the dermis but is located in the lumbosacral region. Women are nearly five times more likely to be affected than men, and it is rare among Caucasian people.^[6] Nevus of Ota may not be congenital, and may appear during puberty.

Skin treatment[]

A Q-switched 1064 nm laser has been successfully used to treat the condition.^[7]^[8] The Q-Switched Lasers (694 nm Ruby, 755 nm Alexandrite or 1064 nm Nd-YAG) with their high peak power and pulse width in nano second range are best suited to treat various epidermal, junctional, mixed and dermal lesions The Q-switched 1064 nm Nd-YAG is an ideal choice to treat dermal pigment as in nevus of Ota and in darker skin types, as it reduces the risk of epidermal injury and pigmentary alterations. The pigment clearance may be expected to be near total. Usually a number of treatment sessions with an interval of minimum six weeks are required to achieve total or near total clearance. The number of treatments depend mainly on the severity of the lesion. Darker the lesion, more are the treatments required. It also depends to some extent on the quality of the laser system used and its energy output. Last but not the least, experience of the laser surgeon plays a significant role in achieving early and good clearance.^[9]

Treatment[]

A specific form of conjunctivoplasty may help somewhat.^{[citation needed]}

Notable cases[]

Actress Daniela Ruah^[6] of NCIS: Los Angeles, right eye
Actor Eriq La Salle of ER, left eye

References[]

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby. pp. 1720–22. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
^ Chan, Henry H.L.; Kono, Taro (March–April 2003). "Nevus of Ota: clinical aspects and management". Skinmed. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. 2 (2): 89–96. doi:10.1111/j.1540-9740.2003.01706.x. PMID 14673306 – via Medscape.
^ Mohan, Ravi Prakash Sasankoti; Verma, Sankalp; Singh, Amit Kumar; Singh, Udita (March 2013). "'Nevi of Ota: the unusual birthmarks': a case review". BMJ Case Reports. London, England: British Medical Association. 2013: bcr2013008648. doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-008648. ISSN 1757-790X. PMC 3618781. PMID 23456162.
^ Onikoyi, Omobola; Adigun, Chris G.; Lui, Harvey. "Nevi of Ota and Ito". Retrieved March 22, 2008.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Sancton, Julian (September 2011). "Daniela Ruah Officially Checks In". Esquire. New York City: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
^ Geronemus, Roy G. (December 1992). "Q-switched ruby laser therapy of nevus of Ota". Archives of Dermatology. Chicago, Illinois: American Medical Association. 128 (12): 1618–22. Bibcode:1992SPIE.1643..284G. doi:10.1001/archderm.1992.04530010056008. PMID 1456756.
^ Watanabe, Shinichi; Takahashi, Hisashi (December 1, 1994). "Treatment of nevus of Ota with the Q-switched ruby laser". New England Journal of Medicine. Waltham, Massachusetts: Massachusetts Medical Society. 331 (26): 1745–50. doi:10.1056/NEJM199412293312604. PMID 7984195.
^ Patil, Uddhav A.; Dhami, Lakshyajit D. (October 2008). "Overview of Lasers". Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery. Mumbai, India: Medknow Publications. 41 (Supplement) (Suppl): 101–113. doi:10.1055/S-0039-1700481. PMC 2825126. PMID 20174534.

[Bolognia-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby. pp. 1720–22. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.

[Andrews-2] James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.

[pmid14673306-3] Chan, Henry H.L.; Kono, Taro (March–April 2003). "Nevus of Ota: clinical aspects and management". Skinmed. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. 2 (2): 89–96. doi:10.1111/j.1540-9740.2003.01706.x. PMID 14673306 – via Medscape.

['Nevi_of_Ota:_the_unusual_birthmarks':_a_case_review-4] Mohan, Ravi Prakash Sasankoti; Verma, Sankalp; Singh, Amit Kumar; Singh, Udita (March 2013). "'Nevi of Ota: the unusual birthmarks': a case review". BMJ Case Reports. London, England: British Medical Association. 2013: bcr2013008648. doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-008648. ISSN 1757-790X. PMC 3618781. PMID 23456162.

[titleeMedicine_-_Nevi_of_Ota_and_Ito-5] Onikoyi, Omobola; Adigun, Chris G.; Lui, Harvey. "Nevi of Ota and Ito". Retrieved March 22, 2008.

[esquire-6] Jump up to: ^a ^b Sancton, Julian (September 2011). "Daniela Ruah Officially Checks In". Esquire. New York City: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved June 9, 2016.

[pmid1456756-7] Geronemus, Roy G. (December 1992). "Q-switched ruby laser therapy of nevus of Ota". Archives of Dermatology. Chicago, Illinois: American Medical Association. 128 (12): 1618–22. Bibcode:1992SPIE.1643..284G. doi:10.1001/archderm.1992.04530010056008. PMID 1456756.

[pmid7984195-8] Watanabe, Shinichi; Takahashi, Hisashi (December 1, 1994). "Treatment of nevus of Ota with the Q-switched ruby laser". New England Journal of Medicine. Waltham, Massachusetts: Massachusetts Medical Society. 331 (26): 1745–50. doi:10.1056/NEJM199412293312604. PMID 7984195.

[9] Patil, Uddhav A.; Dhami, Lakshyajit D. (October 2008). "Overview of Lasers". Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery. Mumbai, India: Medknow Publications. 41 (Supplement) (Suppl): 101–113. doi:10.1055/S-0039-1700481. PMC 2825126. PMID 20174534.

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