Nindara
Nindara was a Sumerian god worshiped in the state of Lagash. He was the husband of Nanshe.[1] His name was originally written as "Nindar," but from the reign of Gudea onward "Nindara" became the default instead.[2]
Worship[]
Ki'esa was Nindara's main cult center, and his temple in that city was the Elaltum (Sumerian: "house producing date syrup").[3] He was also regarded as the tutelary god of his wife's cult city, Niĝun, identified with modern Tell Zurghul.[4] Further locations where he was worshiped include the cities of Girsu and Lagash.[2]
Functions[]
Possibly due to being worshiped in a harbor city, he was sometimes called "the lord of the holy sea,"[5] while in a balbale song of Nanshe he is described as "the tax collector of the sea."[6] However, his most common epithet, attested as early as the reign of the Early Dynastic king Enannatum I, was Lugal-uru16, "the powerful master."[5] Gudea in a royal inscription credits Nindara with giving him strength.[5] Like Nanshe, he was also associated with birds, specifically the dar bird (darmušen), possibly a francolin.[3]
Outside Mesopotamia[]
Wouter Henkelman proposes that the logographic writing NIN.DAR.A might be read as Simut in some Elamite inscriptions, where this deity appears alongside the rainbow goddess Manzat.[7] However, Daniel T. Potts identifies the Elamite NIN.DAR.A as a goddess.[8] In Mesopotamia Simut was usually identified with Nergal.[9]
References[]
- ^ Dijk-Coombes 2016, p. 57.
- ^ a b Edzard 1998, p. 338.
- ^ a b Dijk-Coombes 2016, p. 59.
- ^ Dijk-Coombes 2016, pp. 57–58.
- ^ a b c Dijk-Coombes 2016, p. 58.
- ^ "A balbale to Nanshe (Nanshe B): translation". Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
- ^ Henkelman 2008, p. 258.
- ^ Potts 2010, p. 500.
- ^ Henkelman 2011, p. 512.
Bibliography[]
- Dijk-Coombes, Renate Marian van (2016). "A neo-sumerian clay nail of Gudea in the collection of the Department of Ancient Studies of Stellenbosch University". Antiguo Oriente. 14: 53–64. ISSN 1667-9202. Retrieved 2022-03-04.
- Edzard, Dietz-Otto (1998), "Nindar(a)", Reallexikon der Assyriologie, retrieved 2022-03-03
- Haas, Volkert (2015). Geschichte der hethitischen Religion. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East (in German). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-29394-6. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
- Henkelman, Wouter F. M. (2008). The other gods who are: studies in Elamite-Iranian acculturation based on the Persepolis fortification texts. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten. ISBN 978-90-6258-414-7.
- Henkelman, Wouter F. M. (2011), "Šimut", Reallexikon der Assyriologie, retrieved 2022-03-03
- Potts, Daniel T. (2010). "Elamite Temple Building". From the foundations to the crenellations : essays on temple building in the Ancient Near East and Hebrew Bible. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-86835-031-9. OCLC 618338811.
 | This article relating to a myth or legend from the ancient Middle East is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by . |
- Mesopotamian gods
- Middle East mythology stubs