Oda Nobutada
Oda Nobutada | |
|---|---|
 Oda Nobutada | |
| Native name | 織田 信忠 |
| Born | 1557 |
| Died | June 21, 1582 (aged 24–25) Honnōji |
| Allegiance |  Oda clan |
| Unit | Oda clan |
| Battles/wars | |
| Relations |
|
| Other work | Buddhist monk |
Oda Nobutada (織田 信忠, 1557 – June 21, 1582) was a samurai and the eldest son of Oda Nobunaga, who fought in many battles during the Sengoku period of Japan. He commanded armies under his father in battles against Matsunaga Hisahide and against the Takeda clan.
Boyhood[]
Oda Nobutada was born in Owari Province(尾張国) around 1557 as the eldest son of Oda Nobunaga(織田信長) (the second son if actually exists). His nanny was Jotoku-In, daughter of Takigawa Kazumasu(滝川一益), who was one of the senior vassals of Oda Nobunaga . There is also a theory that Nobutada was adopted by Nohime. His childhood name was Kimyo-Maru(Kimyo means strange in Japanese). He first called himself Oda Kankuro Nobushige(織田勘九郎信重), and later changed to Nobutada(織田信忠).
During the Eiroku era, the Oda clan came into contact with the Takeda's territory in Kai Province(甲斐国)through Mino Province(美濃国), and the daughter of (遠山直廉), a Warlord(国人) in East Mino province , became the adopted daughter of Nobunaga and married Takeda Katsuyori(武田勝頼), the eldest son of Takeda Shingen. And then the alliance was formed. According to the Koyo Gunkan, the wife of Katsuyori died in November 1567, and an engagement was established between Nobutada and Shingen's sixth daughter, Matsuhime, to reinforce the alliance with the Takeda.
Takeda and Oda continued to maintain a friendly relationship, but during the Eiroku era, the Takeda began invading the territory of Tokugawa Ieyasu(徳川家康), an ally of Oda, in the direction of Mikawa(三河国)and Totomi(遠江国), and in the 3rd year of Genki (1572), in response to a call from Yoshiaki Ashikaga, a shogun who had been hostile to Nobunaga, Shingen began invading the territory of Oda (Operation Seizyo (西上作戦)). The engagement was virtually broken due to Shingen's death and the marriage of Oda Nobutada was canceled. After that, the Takeda clan tried to improve the relationship with the Oda clan at the end of Katsuyori's reign , but Nobunaga refused to reconcile, so the reconciliation between Takeda and Oda was not established.
Since then, following Oda Nobunaga, he fought in various places, such as the Ishiyama Hongan-ji War(石山戦争), the (岩村城の戦い) in February 1574, and the attack on Ise Nagashima from July to September 1574.
As Nobunaga's successor[]
In May 1575, he won the battle of Nagashino and started his career as the supreme commander of the attack on Iwamura Castle (). He repelled the Takeda army that had attacked Oda army at night and defeated more than 1,100, and defeated Takeda clan commander Akiyama Nobutomo to open Iwamura Castle. After that, even in a series of battles with Takeda clan, he would make a big name for himself.
On November 28, 1576, Nobunaga handed over the Oda clan's lord, eastern Mino, and part of Owari Province, and was entrusted with its control. In addition, , the younger brother of Nohime, became an aide (chief vassal) with Nobutada. In the same year, he was placed under the fifth rank (正五位), and he was appointed to Dewasuke (出羽介) and then Akita Josuke(秋田城介) , aiming to become a shogun. Since Yoshiaki Ashikaga was still a shogun, which ordinarily means a general in Bingo even under the Oda administration, the Oda clan had no choice but to become a shogun. It is also said that this official position was meaningful in opposition to the Uesugi family, who was also the guardian of Echigo.
In February of the 5th year of Tensho (1577), Nobutada attacked Nakano Castle and captured it, and in March, Suzuki Shigehide (Sonichi Saika) and others surrendered to him . In August, he became the supreme general of the rebellious subjugation of Matsunaga Hisahide, and commanded generals such as Hideyoshi Hashiba and Akechi Mitsuhide, who lead his army , and captured Shigisan Castle, where Matsunaga Hisahide and his son, barricaded themselves. Due to his achievements, he was ordained to the third rank (従三位), Sakonoefu (左近衛府中将), on October 15. From around this time, he took command of the generals as a general in place of Nobunaga. On December 28th, eight types of tea utensils that Nobunaga had were handed over, and on the following day, 29th, three more types were handed over.
In 1578, Mori Terumoto, the head of the Mori clan, mobilized a large army of more than 100,000 to recapture Castle in Harima Province. Terumoto himself set up main camp near , and he made his main vassals, such as Kobayakawa Takakage, , and deploy to Harima Province and surround Kozuki Castle with their army of 61,000 people . Nobunaga also sent Nobutada as supreme general, Akechi Mitsuhide, Niwa Nagahide, Takigawa Kazumasu and other generals as reinforcements to rescue Kouzuki Castle, and Hideyoshi Hashiba, who is surrounding Miki Castle, also came under Nobutada's command, totaling 70,000. 2,000 Oda troops deployed to Harima. However, due to the stalemate, Nobunaga ordered the withdrawal from Kozuki Castle for strategic reasons and devoted himself to the capture of Miki Castle. Amago Katsuhisa, the master and servant of the castle, who had been waiting for Oda's reinforcements for three months, surrendered, and Kozuki Castle fell ().
On October 4, 1578, , who was his uncle in law, was dispatched by Nobunaga as the general reinforcement of . Nobutada also sent reinforcements with his vassals stationed in Mino and Owari.
He also took part in the suppression of Araki Murashige's rebellion () that broke out in Settsu province from the same year to the following year, Tensho 9 (1579).
In 1580, Sakuma Nobumori, who was in charge of southern Owari, and Ando Morinari, one of the three Mino Triumvirate, were banished, expanding the territory of Nobutada's control in the two countries of Mino and Owari.
Conquest of Koshu[]
In the 10th year of Tensho (1582), in the , he led the army of Mino and Owari with 50,000 as a supreme commander , and started to advance to Takeda territory with Tokugawa Ieyasu and Hojo Ujimasa. Nobutada will be supervised by Hidetaka Kawajiri Hidetaka and Takigawa Kazumasu , and will march from the direction of Ina to capture and , which are the bases of Takeda in the southern part of Shinano province. In the , he himself stood at the forefront of his army and rushed to the moat, broke the fence, climbed onto the fence, and inspired his soldiers (Shincho Koki, Vol. 15).
Takeda Katsuyori, who withdrew from Suwa because he could not regain his position due to Nobutada's quickly advance, burned Shinpu Castle and escaped. Nobutada started a pursuit battle, and before Nobunaga's main corps entered Takeda's territory, he forced Takeda Katsuyori and his son , Nobuyuki into suicide at the Battle of Tenmokuzan and destroyed Takeda clan .
Nobunaga, who entered Kofu on March 26, praised Nobutada's military service and gave him 梨地蒔 sword , and also expressed his intention to "take the ritual of the world." At this time, Nobutada declined, but from Nobunaga's point of view, in the future, not only the Oda clan's reign but also the status of the world's people will be inherited by Nobutada, and by extension, Oda's torrent, including the clan and vassals. It was declared inside and outside of Oda clan.
Kawajiri Hidetaka, the general of the troupe, in Kai Province (excluding Anayama Baisetsu) and Suwa-gun, Shinano Province, Mori Nagayoshi in Takai, Mizuuchi, Sarashina, and Ina-gun in Shinano Province, and Mori Nagayoshiin Ina-gun, Shinano Province. Given that it was given, it had an influence on the four countries of Mino, Owari, Kai, and Shinano.
Biography[]
In 1567, a peace agreement between the Oda and Takeda clans was sealed with the betrothal of Nobutada to , the daughter of Takeda Shingen. In 1572 Shingen broke the peace agreement and invaded eastern Mikawa, held by the Tokugawa clan. This campaign led to the death of Shingen and the destruction of the Ashikaga shogunate in 1573.
In 1577, Nobutada defeated Matsunaga Hisahide in the Siege of Shigisan. In 1582, he defeated Nishina Morinobu in the Siege of Takato[1] and participated in the Battle of Tenmokuzan against Takeda Katsuyori.
Honnō-ji incident[]
In 1582, his father was forced to commit suicide when one of his generals, Akechi Mitsuhide attacked him while he was staying at Honno-ji, a Buddhist temple in Kyoto. Nobutada was quartered nearby, where he was attacked by Akechi's men and also committed seppuku.[1]:69
Family[]
- Father: Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582)
- Mother: Kitsuno (1528–1566), posthumous name: Kyuankeiju (久庵慶珠)
- Adopted Mother: Nohime
- Brothers:
- Oda Nobukatsu (1558–1630)
- Oda Nobutaka (1558–1583)
- Hashiba Hidekatsu (1567–1585)
- Oda Katsunaga (1568–1582)
- (1571–1597)
- (1576–1602)
- (1573–1615)
- (1574–1624)
- (died 1609)
- (died 1600)
- (1554–1647)
- Sisters:
- Wife:
- Matsuhime, daughter of Takeda Shingen
- Daughter of Shiokawa Nagamitsu
- Unknown concubine(s)
- Son:
- Oda Hidenobu – eldest son
- Oda Hidenori (1581–1625) married daughter of Hashiba Hidekatsu
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Turnbull, Stephen (2000). The Samurai Sourcebook. London: Cassell & C0. p. 231. ISBN 1854095234.
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- 1557 births
- 1582 deaths
- Samurai
- Suicides by seppuku
- Oda clan
- Suicides by sharp instrument in Japan
- Deified Japanese people
- Muromachi period Buddhists
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