Oeneis
| Oeneis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Alpine grayling (Oeneis glacialis) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Subtribe: | Satyrina |
| Genus: | Oeneis Hübner, 1819 |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Oeneis (the Arctics or graylings) is a butterfly genus of the Satyrinae. All but one of its members are Arctic, sub-Arctic or high-altitude alpine in distribution. Some of the members of the genus are among the butterflies that can get along in the harshest climates of any butterflies. Four species in Europe, more are found in Arctic Russia, Siberia, Mongolia, Arctic North America and the Rocky Mountains. Curiously, there are no observations from Greenland. The development of most species takes two years.
Species[]
Listed alphabetically within groups:[1]
The jutta species group:
- (Eversmann, 1851)
- Oeneis jutta (Hübner, 1805–1806) – Baltic grayling or Jutta Arctic
- Oeneis magna (Graeser, 1888)
- Oeneis melissa (Fabricius, 1775) – Melissa Arctic
- (Staudinger, 1894)
The norna species group:
- (Lukhtanov, 1989)
- Oeneis glacialis (Moll, 1785) – Alpine grayling
- Oeneis norna (Thunberg, 1791) – Norse grayling
- (Troubridge, 1988)
- Oeneis polixenes (Fabricius, 1775) – Polixenes Arctic
- Oeneis rosovi (Kurentzov 1960) – Philip's Arctic[2]
The alpina species group:
- Oeneis alpina (Kurentzov, 1970) – sentinel Arctic[3]
The hora species group:
- (Lukhtanov, 1984)
- (Dubatov & Korshunov, 1988)
- Oeneis elwesi (Staudinger, 1901)
- (Grum-Grshimailo, 1888)
- (Staudinger, 1881)
The bore species group:
- Oeneis alberta (Elwes, 1893) – Alberta Arctic
- (Elwes, 1899)
- Oeneis bore (Schneider, 1792) – Arctic grayling or white-veined Arctic
- Oeneis chryxus (Doubleday, 1849) – brown Arctic or chryxus Arctic
- (Mead, 1878) – California Arctic
- Oeneis nevadensis (C. & R. Felder, 1866) – great Arctic
- Oeneis macounii (Edwards, 1885) – Canada Arctic or Macoun's Arctic
- Oeneis tanana (Warren & Nakahara 2016)
The tarpeja species group:
- (Lukhtanov, 1994)
- (Alphéraky, 1897)
- Oeneis mongolica (Oberthür, 1876)
- (Eversmann, 1851)
- Oeneis tarpeja (Pallas, 1771)
- Oeneis uhleri (Reakirt, 1866) – Uhler's Arctic
- Oeneis urda (Eversmann, 1847)
The buddha species group:
- (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891)
- (Boisduval, 1832)
References[]
- ^ "Oeneis Hübner, [1819]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
- ^ Philip's Arctic, Butterflies of Canada
- ^ Sentinel Arctic, Butterflies of Canada
External links[]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oeneis. |
Categories:
- Oeneis
- Satyrini
- Butterflies of Europe
- Insects of the Arctic
- Butterfly genera
- Taxa named by Jacob Hübner
- Satyrini stubs