Ophiopogon

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Ophiopogon
MonkeyGrass-3001.jpg
Ophiopogon japonicus00.jpg
Ophiopogon japonicus
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Nolinoideae
Genus: Ophiopogon
Ker Gawl.
Synonyms[1]
  • Mondo Adans.
  • Flueggea Rich. 1807, illegitimate homonym, not Willd. 1806
  • Slateria Desv.
  • Chloopsis Blume

Ophiopogon (lilyturf)[2] is a genus of evergreen perennial plants native to warm temperate to tropical East, Southeast, and South Asia.[1][3] Despite their grasslike appearance, they are not closely related to the true grasses, the Poaceae. The name of the genus is derived from Greek Όφις ophis, "snake", and πόγὦν pogon, "beard", most probably referring to its leaves and tufted growth.[4][5][6][7] In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae).[8] Like many lilioid monocots, it was formerly classified in the Liliaceae.

They grow from short rhizomes, and bear tufts of leaves, from which flowers emerge in racemes held on short stems above the leaves.

Species[1]
  1. - Guangdong
  2. - Guangxi
  3. - Sichuan, Yunnan
  4. - S China
  5. - S China, Vietnam
  6. - China, Bhutan
  7. - Thailand
  8. - SE Asia
  9. Ophiopogon chingii - S China
  10. - C + E Himalayas
  11. - S China
  12. - Thailand
  13. - N Myanmar
  14. - Guangxi, Guizhou
  15. - S China, N Indochina, E Himalayas
  16. - Guangxi
  17. - Yunnan
  18. - Yunnan, Guizhou, Myanmar
  19. - S China
  20. - Yunnan
  21. - Cambodia, Vietnam
  22. - S China, S + SE Asia
  23. - Korea, Jeju-do, Japan, Nansei-shoto
  24. Ophiopogon japonicus - E Asia, Philippines
  25. - Yunnan
  26. - Thailand
  27. - Yunnan, Guangxi, Vietnam
  28. - Assam
  29. - Vietnam
  30. - Yunnan
  31. - S China
  32. - Myanmar
  33. - S China, N Indochina
  34. - Yunnan
  35. - Yunnan
  36. - Assam
  37. - Tibet
  38. - Guangxi
  39. - Guangxi
  40. - Sichuan
  41. - S China, Vietnam
  42. - Cambodia
  43. - Yunnan
  44. Ophiopogon planiscapus - Japan
  45. - S China, Vietnam
  46. - Guangxi
  47. - Vietnam
  48. - S China, N Indochina, Assam
  49. - Guangxi, Hainan
  50. - Yunnan, Thailand
  51. - Uttarakhand
  52. - Yunnan, Guangxi
  53. - N Thailand
  54. - Yunnan, Guangxi
  55. - Guangxi, Guangdong
  56. - S China
  57. - Vietnam
  58. - Sichuan, Guizhou
  59. - Sichuan, Yunnan
  60. - Yunnan, Guangxi
  61. - Yunnan, Guangxi, Vietnam
  62. - Yunnan
  63. - S China
  64. - Vietnam
  65. - Yunnan
  66. - Yunnan
  67. - Sichuan, Yunnan

Cultivation and uses[]

Some species, such as O. japonicus and O. planiscapus, are used as ground-cover plants.

In Chinese medicine, the tuber of O. japonicus, known as mai men dong, is the cardinal herb for yin deficiency. According to the Chinese herbal medicine Materia Medica, the herb is sweet, slightly bitter, and slightly cold; it enters the heart, lung and stomach channels, thus nourishes the yin of the stomach, spleen, heart, and lungs, and clears heat and quiets irritability. It is used for hacking dry coughs, dry tongue and mouth, and constipation. Liriope is used as a substitute.[9]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
  3. ^ Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 252 沿阶草属 yan jie cao shu Ophiopogon Ker Gawler, Bot. Mag. 27: t. 1063. 1807.
  4. ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Ophiopogon Archived 2009-01-15 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Flora of China: Ophiopogon
  6. ^ Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
  7. ^ When Perennials Bloom: An Almanac for Planning and Planting By Tomasz Aniśko pg 342
  8. ^ Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 132–136, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
  9. ^ Bensky, D., Clavey, S., Stoger, E., & Gamble, A. (2004). Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica, third edition. Eastland Press.
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