Opu Daeng Risaju

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Opu Daeng Risaju
Born
Famajjah
Other namesOpung Daeng Risadju, Opu Daeng Risadju
TitleOpu Daeng Risaju
HonoursNational Hero of Indonesia

Opu Daeng Risaju (born 1880 in Palopo, Dutch East Indies – died February 10, 1964) was an Indonesian independence activist. She was canonized as a National Hero of Indonesia in 2006.[1]

Biography[]

She was born to Muhammad Abdullah To Baresseng and Opu Daeng Mawellu in 1880, and at birth was named Famajjah.[2] She was from a Buginese community in Luwu in South Sulawesi.[3][4]:198 When she married H. Muhammad Daud, she assumed the Luwu royal title Opu Daeng Risaju, which is how she was known for the rest of her life.[2] She was Muslim and wore hijab.[4]:63[2]

Opu Daeng Risaju primarily fought against the Dutch colonization of what were, at the time, the Dutch East Indies.[5][3] She became active in politics relative late in her life. She first became a member of the Indonesian Islamic Union Party (PSII) in 1927, around age forty-seven, in Parepare.[6] She quickly became involved in the nationalist movement and rose through the PSII's organization.

In 1930, she established a local branch of PSII in Palopo.[4]:198 She would serve as chairman.[2] In 1933, she attended the Indonesian Islamic Union Congress in Batavia (now Jakarta).[7]

Due to her political agitation and growing popularity, her peerage was revoked, and the Dutch government in Masamba arrested her and tried her for sedition.[2][6] Beginning in 1934, she was imprisoned for fourteen months, sentenced to forced labor, and tortured.[4]:64[2][6] After her release from prison and throughout the Japanese occupation, she continued to travel and establish branches of the PSII in South Sulawesi.[6] She was arrested again after the Japanese surrender and transferred between various prisons, where she was tortured.[6] The torture she suffered while in prison rendered her deaf for the remainder of her life and also damaged one of her eyes.[4]:64[2][6]

In 1949, she moved to Pare-Pare to live with her son Abdul Kadir Daud.[8] She died on February 10, 1964 at age eighty-four.[8] She was buried in the cemetery of the rulers of Luwu in Lokkoe in Palopo.[9]

In 2006, Opu Daeng Risaju was named a National Hero of Indonesia, one of the few women who have received the honor.[10]

References[]

  1. ^ Fogg, Kevin W. (2019-01-02). "Making an Indonesian National Hero for Lombok: The shifting category of pahlawan nasional". Indonesia and the Malay World. 47 (137): 1–22. doi:10.1080/13639811.2019.1560710. ISSN 1363-9811. S2CID 166059062.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Rahayu, Mangesti (May 2020). "Hijab in the Indonesian National Struggle". International Review of Humanities Studies. 5 (1 (Special Issue)): 412, 415, 421. doi:10.7454/irhs.v5i1.245. eISSN 2477-6866. S2CID 219427772.
  3. ^ a b Pramono, Suwito Eko; Ahmad, Tsabit Azinar; Wijayati, Putri Agus (2019-07-03). "The National Heroes in History Class". KnE Social Sciences: 119–129. doi:10.18502/kss.v3i18.4705. ISSN 2518-668X. S2CID 199218594.
  4. ^ a b c d e Fogg, Kevin W. (2019-12-05). Indonesia's Islamic Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 63–64, 198. ISBN 978-1-108-48787-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ^ Martyn, Elizabeth (2004-11-10). The Women's Movement in Postcolonial Indonesia: Gender and Nation in a New Democracy. Routledge. footnote 4 [no page numbers given]. ISBN 978-1-134-39469-2.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Matanasi, Petrik (20 April 2018). "Opu Daeng Risadju Menentang Kolonialisme di Usia Senja". Tirto (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-11-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ Abduh, Muhammad; Hanif, Zainal Abidin; Pawiloy, Sarita; Masduki; Baso, M. Noer (1985-01-01). Sejarah Perlawanan Terhadap Imperialisme dan Kolonialisme di Sulawesi Selatan (in Indonesian). Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan. p. 180.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  8. ^ a b "Opu Daeng Risaju, Penjara Bawah Tanah dan Disiksa Hingga Tuli (bagian 3)". Republika Online (in Indonesian). 2014-11-10. Retrieved 2021-11-20.
  9. ^ Rosmawati (2018-11-14). "19: Typology and efflorescence of early Islamic tomb and gravestone forms in South Sulawesi and Majene, West Sulawesi". In O'Connor, Sue; Bulbeck, David; Meyer, Juliet (eds.). The Archaeology of Sulawesi: Current Research on the Pleistocene to the Historic Period. Terra Australis 48. Acton: Australian National University Press. p. 327. ISBN 978-1-76046-257-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  10. ^ "PRESIDENT AWARDS "NATIONAL HERO" TITLE TO 8 COMMUNITY FIGURES." Almanak L.K.B.N. "Antara." (Jakarta), 2006.

Further reading[]

Retrieved from ""